Articles tagged with Discovery Research
Scientists have identified a new type of cell in mice that dampens the immune system and protects its own cells from immune system attack. This breakthrough discovery holds promise for new therapies to control hyperactive immune systems in autoimmune diseases like lupus.
A Kansas State University researcher's work shows the key role of brand reputation in governing decisions in a store-within-a-store agreement. The research, published next year in the Journal of Marketing Research, highlights how cooperation between manufacturers and retailers is crucial for success.
Researchers have discovered a new type of nanoparticle shaped like the Star of David, which may lead to new ways for sensing glucose in diagnosing diabetes. The nano-cages also showed promise as sensors for hydrogen peroxide detection, boosting electrical signals by 200 fold.
Researchers have identified bilirubin as the primary aril pigment in Strelitzia reginae, the Bird of Paradise plant. This discovery expands our understanding of color production in plants and has potential applications for breeding and genetics.
A recent study funded by the Lupus Research Institute has discovered a link between an X-linked TLR7 gene variant and an increased risk of developing lupus in men. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides strong evidence that alterations in the TLR7 gene can promote lupus in humans.
Researchers have identified a critical regulatory switch in mesenchymal stem cell lineage allocation, which could lead to the development of new treatments for obesity and osteoporosis. The 'Sprouty' protein has been shown to regulate body fat and bone mass, with potential applications for weight loss and bone density improvement.
Carnegie Mellon researchers found that heterogeneous groups of neurons transmit twice as much information as homogeneous groups. This diversity is essential for overall brain function and may also play a role in neurological disorders like epilepsy and schizophrenia.
A team of University of British Columbia researchers found that phosphatidic acid, a type of fat present in all cells, serves as a cellular pH sensor. This discovery has important implications for understanding human metabolism and disease.
Researchers at the University of Illinois found that feeding co-products and cornstalk residue in winter can reduce cow feed costs by up to $1 per day. The study compared various feeding methods and delivery systems, finding that smaller herds can save money by feeding free-choice cornstalk residue and handfeeding DDGS.
Researchers at Yale University have developed a new method to visualize and analyze the mechanical stress that causes coatings to peel. This discovery has broad applications in physical and biological sciences, as coatings protect almost every surface.
Neurobiologists funded by the Office of Naval Research have discovered a potential cure for degenerative vision diseases, restoring vision in mice with congenital macular degeneration. The research has significant future implications for treating eye diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa, which affects over 2 million worldwide cases.
Researchers at the University of Tennessee have discovered water on the inside and outside of the moon, with similarities to volcanic systems on Earth. The finding challenges the long-held theory that the moon was bone-dry and has deep implications for its formation.
A recent study found that data presented in frequency format elicits higher confidence and more accurate conclusions in consumers. In contrast, percentages appear easier for consumers to understand, but may lead to averaging errors. The results have practical implications for regulators trying to discourage smoking behavior.
A review of research linking musical training to learning highlights the neural connections made during musical training also prime the brain for other aspects of human communication. Music training enhances neuroplasticity and enables the nervous system to provide stable patterns for meaningful learning.
Physicists at Oregon State University have discovered a way to use gallium arsenide nanodevices as signal processors at 'terahertz' speeds, enabling faster optical communication and computing. This breakthrough could lead to applications in secure codes and communications, video and audio processing, and even quantum computing.
Researchers discovered the SRD5A3 gene mutation responsible for congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), which affects eye and brain development in infants. A daily dietary supplement containing dolichol, a lipid carrier, may treat the condition, which has no current treatment.
Researchers found a power-law relation between hurricanes and energy released, indicating that predicting hurricane intensity is challenging. The study also suggests a connection between global warming and the distribution of tropical cyclones.
The Genomic SQueeZ (G-SQZ) compression technique developed by TGen can compress genomic sequencing data by up to 80 percent, reducing storage needs and costs. This technology allows for selective content access and maintaining the relative order of the data.
23andMe's web-based research framework facilitates rapid recruitment of participants, reducing time and money needed for new discoveries. The study replicated several known genetic associations, including novel SNP associations for hair curl and freckling.
Researchers find that natural methane sources from wetlands in high northern latitudes caused a significant increase in atmospheric methane concentration 40,000 years ago. This contradicts the clathrate gun hypothesis and suggests that human activities are not responsible for current climate change.
A recent study by University of Minnesota researchers found that certain brands can influence consumers' perceptions of themselves. Using a brand with an appealing personality can rub off on consumers, even if the brand is used for only a short time.
Scientists propose a multi-platform approach using automated technologies like glider robots and sensors on ships of opportunity to observe the polar oceans. This could help reduce uncertainty about the effects of warming on marine ecosystems worldwide.
Research by scientists at Rockefeller University shows that adult brain circuits continually modify themselves in response to experience. After removing a mouse's whisker, excitatory connections rapidly sprout and inhibit networks adjust to maintain balance between excitation and inhibition.
Mutations in the presenilin 1 gene disrupt cellular protein-recycling, killing nerve cells and leading to neuronal loss. Alternative pathways can be targeted for therapies aimed at repairing toxic protein elimination mechanisms.
A team of researchers from the University of Illinois Chicago has identified new autism susceptibility genes, including SHANK2, SYNGAP1 and DLGAP2, through an international collaboration with Autism Speaks. These findings suggest that multiple rare variants or genetic changes may contribute to the development of autism.
A recent study reveals that the Neo-Tuberosum potato germplasm has its roots in Chile, challenging the long-held notion of its origins in the Andes. The Chilean potato's adaptation to long-day conditions made it a pre-adapted species for growth in other regions.
A University of Alberta researcher discovered female red squirrels adopt abandoned babies with common genes, ensuring the continuation of their gene pool. This behavior, initially thought to be unique to social animals, reveals a rare instance of altruism in solitary creatures like red squirrels.
Researchers at CIC bioGUNE and Universidad de Kentucky have discovered a new method to control the stability of prions responsible for transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in deer. This finding has significant implications for controlling the epidemic affecting deer in the USA and Canada.
A team of scientists from Scripps Research Institute has discovered a natural molecule in the body that counters the progression of osteoarthritis. MicroRNA 140 (miR-140) acts as a regulator in bone development and is found to be reduced in cartilage samples from osteoarthritis patients.
A gene network controlling lung development has been identified as responsible for the failure of lungs to form due to vitamin A/retinoic acid deficiency. This network, which balances two opposing pathways, can be corrected, potentially preventing lung defects in animals.
Researchers at the University of Illinois discovered that starting early-weaned cattle on corn and finishing them on a diet high in co-products can achieve high-quality beef while reducing feed costs. Cattle fed these diets showed significant marbling and higher profits compared to traditional finishing methods.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that a compound in dark chocolate may protect the brain after a stroke by increasing cellular signals. The study found that mice who ingested epicatechin suffered significantly less brain damage than those who did not.
Scientists found pathogens thrive in marine snow aggregates, which can skew water sampling procedures and predict disease transmission to humans. The study applies island biogeography theories to microscopic drifting aggregates.
Scientists discovered that aseismic slip in the Nazca tectonic plate can prevent earthquakes from propagating through certain areas. By analyzing GPS data and aftershock patterns, researchers found a 'patchwork' pattern of aseismicity, with some areas always slipping slowly and others rarely experiencing seismic activity.
A team of Catalan scientists found remains of Egyptian blue in a 12th-century Romanesque church's altarpiece, challenging the understanding that this pigment fell out of use after the Western Roman Empire. The pigment's presence has sparked debate about its possible origin and transportation during Medieval times.
Researchers have discovered a massive cloud of cosmic gas and dust collapsing in on itself, which could help solve the mystery of massive star formation. The CSIRO radio telescope detected two types of molecules indicative of collapse, suggesting the gas is falling at an incredibly high rate.
A naturally occurring micro-organism has been found to directly target the bacteria that causes a sometimes deadly intestinal disease. Thuricin CD, produced by Bacillus thuringiensis, is a promising specific antibiotic treatment for Clostridium difficile in both in vitro and animal studies.
A newly discovered species of monitor lizard, Varanus obor, has been found in the Moluccan islands of east Indonesia. The Torch monitor, as it is known, can grow up to four feet in length and thrives on a diet of small animals and carrion.
Scientists uncover thousands of years-old hunting tools, including wooden arrows and dart shafts, as warming temperatures melt ancient ice patches in the Mackenzie Mountains. The discovery sheds new light on ancient caribou migration patterns and hunting practices.
Researchers have discovered a new species of bacterium, Endoxenoturbella lovénii, found only in the Gullmarsfjord north of Gothenburg. The bacterium is an endosymbiotic prokaryote living in the gut of a unique marine worm called Xenoturbella.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine found that epigenetic marks on human placentas change throughout pregnancy, potentially allowing for early diagnosis and prevention of complications. The study's findings suggest that genomic imprinting appears to be an ever-changing process in the placenta.
Researchers discover mechanism underlying female sexual arousal, finding that stimulating pelvic nerve increases blood flow and enhances effects of prototype drug UK-414,495. This breakthrough could lead to development of treatments for female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD), a condition affecting up to 40% of women.
Researchers used EMR systems to extract phenotypes from DNA samples, replicating previously reported genetic associations for diseases such as atrial fibrillation and type 2 diabetes. The study supports the use of DNA resources coupled to EMR systems for rapid generation of large datasets.
Researchers at McGill University have discovered a modified protein that plays a key role in memory processes, altering its function and enabling stronger neural connections. This finding represents an important step in understanding how the brain stores memories.
University of Rhode Island researcher Navindra Seeram has discovered over 20 compounds in pure maple syrup with potential health benefits, including anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. The research found that these compounds are also present in the Acer family for the first time.
A recent survey found that plant-parasitic nematodes are present in both Miscanthus and switchgrass, which are used for biofuels. The most prevalent species included lesion, root-knot, and needle nematodes, which can cause significant damage to the crops.
A chemical called a molecular band-aid has been discovered to protect the hearts of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients by preventing heart injury and remodeling. The treatment, which requires repeated injections, showed significant promise in a canine model, paving the way for potential human trials.
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter has released seven instruments' data sets to the Planetary Data System, providing low-level data for research flexibility. The mission will deliver a comprehensive map of the lunar surface and search for resources in its one-year exploration phase.
A team of international researchers led by Kent State University's Declan Keane and Jinhui Chen discovered the most massive antinucleus to date, containing an antiproton, antineutron, and anti-Lambda particle. The finding opens new dimensions in physics research, particularly in addressing the asymmetry between matter and antimatter.
Biophysicist Ilya Nemenman has identified parameters for several biochemical networks, simplifying the research models and potentially streamlining the development of drugs and diagnostic tools. The discovery applies to complex biological systems, such as cellular networks involving hundreds or thousands of variables.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered that certain nanomaterials can move in regions called grain boundaries, leading to changes in their strength and plasticity. This finding has implications for the fabrication of microdevices and integrated circuits, as it may alter the materials' lifespan and performance.
The Global Report on Preterm & Stillbirth identifies known causes and 21 proven interventions to improve these outcomes. A new repository of tissue samples will contribute to global research, helping to understand the causes of preterm birth and stillbirth.
A specific protein called Dab2 has been found to trigger the process of cancer cells spreading from the original tumor and developing into new tumors. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs to delay or halt this process, which is a major step in cancer progression.
Researchers at GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research developed an ion trap device that measures atomic mass with unprecedented accuracy, enabling the discovery of long-lived elements on islands of stability. The team successfully trapped atoms of element 102, nobelium, and measured its atomic mass with a 0.000005% uncertainty.
Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome produce less adiponectin than healthy women, leading to increased insulin resistance and inflammation. This hormone helps regulate fat metabolism, glucose utilization, and reduces inflammation.
Researchers discovered that soil clings to precipitation after a dry summer and holds it tightly, preventing it from mixing with other water. This challenges conventional thinking on watershed function and has implications for understanding pollutant movement and nutrient transport.
After years of effort, a team from The Scripps Research Institute has finally achieved the synthesis of Palau'amine, a naturally occurring compound with pharmaceutical promise. The breakthrough involves 25 steps and utilizes an oxidation reaction that simplifies the process, paving the way for further research and potential commercial ...
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered a molecular security system in human cells that deactivates and degrades foreign DNA. This discovery could lead to major improvements in genetic engineering and gene therapy technologies.
Researchers at the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal have identified a new molecular pathway required for the guidance of retinal axons within the optic chiasm. This guidance relies on the Boc receptor, which could lead to therapies stimulating axonal growth after injury or in neurodegenerative disorders.
Male cleaner wrasse aggressively chase females who cheat clients, protecting their own dinner interests. This behavior, similar to human 'Robin Hood' tendencies, may not be as charitable as thought.