Articles tagged with National Laboratories
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have found a way for massive stars to grow despite radiation pressure that should prevent it. Gravitational instabilities cause companion stars to form around massive stars, allowing them to feed on gas and dust.
A team of researchers has illuminated the structure of reactive oxygen species in a vital enzyme using a unique light-based probing technique. The study reveals details about flavoproteins involved in biochemical reactions, including oxygen activation, which is essential for energy conversion in animals and plants.
Researchers will conduct simulations of advanced nuclear energy systems using powerful IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer. The work aims to develop precise computer simulations of next-generation nuclear systems, reducing costs and improving safety.
Researchers warn that 10-30 year delay in predicted cleanup date may occur due to increased urban growth and non-point sources. Despite regulations, pollutants have returned to pre-industrial concentration levels, while stormwater discharges pose a significant threat to coastal systems.
A new detector built by MIT physicist Jocelyn Monroe and her students will aid in the search for dark matter by distinguishing between ordinary and dark-matter particles. The device's ability to identify ordinary neutrons will increase its sensitivity to dark matter, a key step towards detecting the mysterious particles.
The US Department of Energy has awarded Clemson University researchers $409,000 to develop a new fluoropolymer material for hydrogen production. The project aims to create a more efficient electrolyzer, enabling the use of hydrogen as a major source of energy in the future.
Argonne scientists found a way to induce chirality in pre-biological molecules using X-rays and magnetic fields. This mechanism could have been introduced by irradiation of molecules in the universe, potentially explaining the origin of life.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have proposed a new explanation for superconductivity that doesn't rely on phonons. By introducing quantum fluctuations and pressure changes, they observed a quantum critical point where electrons pair up in a previously undescribed state of matter.
Argonne's Leadership Computing Facility won the High Performance Computing Challenge Award for its outstanding energy efficiency and computational power. The ALCF achieved scores of 103 GUPS and 5080 Gflops in two categories, showcasing its ability to deliver stellar results while using a fraction of the power needed for supercomputers.
Jaguar, the Oak Ridge supercomputer, has a peak performance of 1.64 petaflops, enabling researchers to solve complex problems faster and explore dynamic systems. The system has already run scientific applications in days, sustaining petaflops performance on multiple applications.
A study found that cocaine-addicted individuals prefer drug-related images over neutral ones, challenging the assumption that pleasure drives drug choice. The tasks developed in this research can help clinicians monitor choice behavior in addicted individuals, potentially predicting treatment effectiveness and outcomes.
Subhash Singhal, PNNL's fuel cell director, received the 2008 Grove Medal for his sustained contributions to fuel cell technology. The award honors achievements in fuel cell science & technology, recognizing Singhal's leadership and research.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have successfully engineered two-layer thin films with a nanometer-thin region of superconductivity, elevating the temperature of superconductivity to over 50 kelvin. This achievement brings researchers closer to fabricating useful three-terminal superconducting devices.
Scientists have determined the structures of two important plant viruses, revealing their spiral-shaped structure featuring around nine molecular subunits per turn. This discovery may lead to new ways to protect crop plants from viruses and other forms of damage, as well as engineer molecules to interfere with virus infections.
Researchers found that MOF materials compress rapidly at high pressures due to their efficient but inefficient structure design. This behavior is critical to optimize gas storage properties and pose a challenge for scaling up MOF technology beyond the lab.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique that enables creating detailed high-resolution images of cellular molecules. The method uses high-energy X-ray beams and complex algorithms to overcome current technology limitations.
Researchers use infrared sensors and thermal imagery to detect hot water plumes in frozen lakes, predicting power plant energy production. They also measure hot air temperature using surface temperatures of fan blades and motors.
The Large Hadron Collider has sent its first beam of protons around the world's most powerful particle accelerator at nearly the speed of light. Scientists believe this achievement could unlock extraordinary discoveries about the nature of the physical universe.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory will develop MADMAX, a tool to measure distances within proteins, potentially revolutionizing the development of new drugs. The technology could provide unprecedented insight into protein movement and behavior.
Scientists have developed a new instrument to create model nanocatalysts of molybdenum sulfide with atomic precision. The most reactive nanocluster had six atoms of molybdenum and eight atoms of sulfur, showing promise for improving hydrodesulfurization processes.
Researchers create thin films of helical peptides with high purity and stability using the soft-landing method. The technique allowed them to control the structure of the molecules, which is essential for developing new materials and understanding protein biology.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a new class of glassy materials governed by dynamic disorder. The discovery reveals the role of temporal frustration in disrupting magnetic alignment, allowing for better understanding of how glasses are formed.
A new urban transit bus features a high-strength stainless steel body and chassis, reducing weight and improving fuel efficiency. The bus is powered primarily by stored electrical energy, driving fuel economy gains.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have won two R&D 100 Awards for their work on ultra-high power lithium-ion batteries and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) mechanical seals. These innovations demonstrate the scientific know-how and innovative spirit of Argonne researchers.
Scientists use a method developed for detecting underground nuclear tests to identify mine collapses and detect additional surface seismic waves. The new technique compares model seismograms to observed data, helping to differentiate between collapse events and other seismic activities.
Projected California warming promises a cycle of more heat waves and increased electricity demand for the state, raising the risk of power shortages during extreme heat events. The study predicts that widespread climate warming could strain the electricity grid, making brownouts or rolling blackouts more frequent.
Researchers sequenced duckweed's genome to unlock its ability to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and alleviating world hunger. The plant can extract pollutants from wastewater, producing biomass faster than any other flowering plant.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique to visualize high-frequency acoustic waves in nanostructures, such as LED lights. By combining molecular dynamics simulations with terahertz (THz) radiation, they can detect these waves and gain insights into the dynamics of crystals under ultra-high s...
Researchers used NMR to study water in single-walled carbon nanotubes, revealing distinct properties. The findings could lead to more efficient desalination and demineralization using carbon nanotube membranes.
The Nanoprobe achieves 30-nanometer resolution using x-rays with photon energies between 3-30 kiloelectron volts. It combines scanning-probe and full-field transmission imaging for three-dimensional visualizations and quantitative analysis of elemental composition and chemical states.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new imaging technique that allows for the capture of ultra-fast dynamics of solid materials at the nanoscale. This breakthrough enables the study of previously inaccessible phenomena such as fracture, shock formation and phase growth.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have devised a new type of next generation light sources that can create x-rays up to one hundred million times brighter than currently operating machines. The X-FELO oscillator is expected to open up breakthrough scientific opportunities in various research fields.
Los Alamos researchers used the Roadrunner supercomputer to model over a billion visual neurons and trillions of synapses, surpassing the scale of 1 quadrillion computations per second. This achievement throws open the door to achieving human-like cognitive performance in electronic computers.
Julia Laskin, a PNNL chemist, has received the Biemann Medal for her groundbreaking research on mass spectrometry. Her work advances biomaterials and biological processes for clean energy production and creates biologically inspired systems.
Researchers Luís Bettencourt and Ruy Ribeiro create a novel approach to reading subtle changes in epidemiological data to predict disease spread. The tool provides real-time transmission probabilities for emerging diseases, enabling public health experts to implement quarantine policies and provide medical resources.
Researchers have found a highly efficient inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin type A, which can block its deadly action. The toxin binds to nerve cell membranes and cleaves proteins, causing muscle paralysis and death.
Researchers found that oxygen atoms in yttria-stabilized zirconia can heal radiation-induced damage by moving into pre-existing vacancies. This self-healing behavior could lead to the development of radiation-resistant materials, improving durability and reducing replacement costs. The simulation results also suggest that this ceramic ...
Researchers at the SSA meeting will discuss the Rio Grande Rift, a region prone to earthquakes, and its potential connection to ancient volcanic activity. The study also explores seismic hazard estimates for areas like New Madrid and Charleston, which may be underreported.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed techniques to create accurate movies of molecular movements, allowing for the direct observation of complex molecule motions in solution. This breakthrough enables researchers to test the accuracy of computer simulations and gain insights into molecular structure and behavior.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, led by Valerii Vinokur and Tatyana Baturina, have created a new type of insulator called a superinsulator. By cooling the material to near absolute zero, they observed a sudden increase in resistance, opening up new possibilities for microelectronics and energy-efficient devices.
The American Chemical Society's president will lead a special symposium on energy research and future challenges. Experts from various fields, including nuclear energy systems, hydrogen economy, and solar energy utilization, will present their findings.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a compound that captures and separates radioactive ions, including strontium 90, from inert materials. The synthetic sulfide-based compound can strip away 99% of the radioactive element within a few hours.
A team of researchers from INL and partner institutions has successfully improved coated-particle nuclear fuel performance by reaching a burnup of 9% without any fuel failure. The breakthrough increases the efficiency of the reactor system, reducing fuel requirements and waste generation.
Researchers at Purdue University's Discovery Park are developing advanced simulations to predict the behavior of miniature switches in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). The goal is to improve their reliability and durability for use in various applications, including national defense and civilian industries.
Scientists have identified two types of electromagnetic configurations in inertial confinement fusion implosions that affect dynamics and diagnosis. Researchers measured field strength and area densities using radiography with a pulsed monoenergetic proton source.
Researchers at PNNL have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how barium oxide attaches to gamma-alumina, a crucial step in reducing toxic nitrogen oxide emissions. The discovery has the potential to improve the efficiency of lean burn engines, which offer up to 35% better fuel economy.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory developed a lensless X-ray technique that can image ultra-small structures buried in nanoparticles and biocells. The method uses high-intensity X-ray beams to create images with resolution of up to 20 nanometers, enabling research on material properties and biological processes.
A group of scientists, led by Stanford physicist Michael May, is urging an international push to improve nuclear forensics to prevent terrorist attacks. They recommend training, advanced equipment, and stronger ties to intelligence agencies to quickly identify the source of nuclear materials.
Researchers are seeking new materials for efficient radiation detection due to limitations in current primary materials. They aim to improve understanding of radiation physics to make informed choices about material properties.
Physicists at RHIC have developed a way to measure subtle fluctuations in particle beams and send corrections ahead to smooth out scattering. This technique, called stochastic cooling, aims to recreate the conditions of the early universe, potentially saving time and money.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed an environmentally friendly technology to produce ethylene from ethane streams by removing pure hydrogen, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The new membrane reactor enables the reaction to feed itself, making it a clean and energy-efficient way of producing ethylene.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory successfully created 3D crystalline structures of nanoparticles using DNA, opening doors for new applications. The method relies on the attractive forces between complementary DNA strands to guide nanoparticle interactions and produce ordered crystals.
The TEAM 0.5 microscope has achieved unprecedented image resolution of half a ten-billionth of a meter, enabling the precise localization of individual atoms in three dimensions. This capability is made possible by advanced technologies such as ultra-stable electronics and aberration correction.
Twenty research projects have been awarded access to Argonne's 556-teraflops IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer through the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program. Researchers will conduct cutting-edge simulations in fields such as nuclear simulation, high-energy physics, and climate modeling.
Scientists have discovered that sound waves can trigger earthquakes in a laboratory setting, inducing aftershocks long after the initial quake. This finding has significant implications for understanding earthquake behavior and may provide clues to catastrophic events in other granular media.
Researchers propose new mechanism for superconductivity in materials without phonon interaction, potentially leading to higher temperatures. This discovery could pave the way for a new class of high-temperature superconductors.
Scientists investigate Hanford's vadose zone to understand contaminant migration and develop remediation solutions. They find complex pathways for nuclear waste travel, affecting composition and speed, impacting the environment and people downstream.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that the surface of manganite materials has a more disordered orbital order than their bulk counterparts. This 'surface orbital roughness' affects electron transfer and provides fundamental information for future research and development.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have created a new tool to measure elusive atmospheric chemicals involved in smog formation. The device can predict the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies by quantitatively assessing hydroperoxyl radicals and their chemical pathways.
Kyle Cranmer, a Brookhaven Lab physicist, has received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for his work on the ATLAS experiment at CERN. He specializes in advanced data analysis and statistical techniques to discover new physics at the Large Hadron Collider.