Articles tagged with National Laboratories
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers use infrared sensors and thermal imagery to detect hot water plumes in frozen lakes, predicting power plant energy production. They also measure hot air temperature using surface temperatures of fan blades and motors.
The Large Hadron Collider has sent its first beam of protons around the world's most powerful particle accelerator at nearly the speed of light. Scientists believe this achievement could unlock extraordinary discoveries about the nature of the physical universe.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory will develop MADMAX, a tool to measure distances within proteins, potentially revolutionizing the development of new drugs. The technology could provide unprecedented insight into protein movement and behavior.
Scientists have developed a new instrument to create model nanocatalysts of molybdenum sulfide with atomic precision. The most reactive nanocluster had six atoms of molybdenum and eight atoms of sulfur, showing promise for improving hydrodesulfurization processes.
Researchers create thin films of helical peptides with high purity and stability using the soft-landing method. The technique allowed them to control the structure of the molecules, which is essential for developing new materials and understanding protein biology.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a new class of glassy materials governed by dynamic disorder. The discovery reveals the role of temporal frustration in disrupting magnetic alignment, allowing for better understanding of how glasses are formed.
A new urban transit bus features a high-strength stainless steel body and chassis, reducing weight and improving fuel efficiency. The bus is powered primarily by stored electrical energy, driving fuel economy gains.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have won two R&D 100 Awards for their work on ultra-high power lithium-ion batteries and ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) mechanical seals. These innovations demonstrate the scientific know-how and innovative spirit of Argonne researchers.
Scientists use a method developed for detecting underground nuclear tests to identify mine collapses and detect additional surface seismic waves. The new technique compares model seismograms to observed data, helping to differentiate between collapse events and other seismic activities.
Projected California warming promises a cycle of more heat waves and increased electricity demand for the state, raising the risk of power shortages during extreme heat events. The study predicts that widespread climate warming could strain the electricity grid, making brownouts or rolling blackouts more frequent.
Researchers sequenced duckweed's genome to unlock its ability to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and alleviating world hunger. The plant can extract pollutants from wastewater, producing biomass faster than any other flowering plant.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new technique to visualize high-frequency acoustic waves in nanostructures, such as LED lights. By combining molecular dynamics simulations with terahertz (THz) radiation, they can detect these waves and gain insights into the dynamics of crystals under ultra-high s...
Researchers used NMR to study water in single-walled carbon nanotubes, revealing distinct properties. The findings could lead to more efficient desalination and demineralization using carbon nanotube membranes.
The Nanoprobe achieves 30-nanometer resolution using x-rays with photon energies between 3-30 kiloelectron volts. It combines scanning-probe and full-field transmission imaging for three-dimensional visualizations and quantitative analysis of elemental composition and chemical states.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed a new imaging technique that allows for the capture of ultra-fast dynamics of solid materials at the nanoscale. This breakthrough enables the study of previously inaccessible phenomena such as fracture, shock formation and phase growth.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have devised a new type of next generation light sources that can create x-rays up to one hundred million times brighter than currently operating machines. The X-FELO oscillator is expected to open up breakthrough scientific opportunities in various research fields.
Los Alamos researchers used the Roadrunner supercomputer to model over a billion visual neurons and trillions of synapses, surpassing the scale of 1 quadrillion computations per second. This achievement throws open the door to achieving human-like cognitive performance in electronic computers.
Julia Laskin, a PNNL chemist, has received the Biemann Medal for her groundbreaking research on mass spectrometry. Her work advances biomaterials and biological processes for clean energy production and creates biologically inspired systems.
Researchers Luís Bettencourt and Ruy Ribeiro create a novel approach to reading subtle changes in epidemiological data to predict disease spread. The tool provides real-time transmission probabilities for emerging diseases, enabling public health experts to implement quarantine policies and provide medical resources.
Researchers have found a highly efficient inhibitor of botulinum neurotoxin type A, which can block its deadly action. The toxin binds to nerve cell membranes and cleaves proteins, causing muscle paralysis and death.
Researchers found that oxygen atoms in yttria-stabilized zirconia can heal radiation-induced damage by moving into pre-existing vacancies. This self-healing behavior could lead to the development of radiation-resistant materials, improving durability and reducing replacement costs. The simulation results also suggest that this ceramic ...
Researchers at the SSA meeting will discuss the Rio Grande Rift, a region prone to earthquakes, and its potential connection to ancient volcanic activity. The study also explores seismic hazard estimates for areas like New Madrid and Charleston, which may be underreported.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed techniques to create accurate movies of molecular movements, allowing for the direct observation of complex molecule motions in solution. This breakthrough enables researchers to test the accuracy of computer simulations and gain insights into molecular structure and behavior.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, led by Valerii Vinokur and Tatyana Baturina, have created a new type of insulator called a superinsulator. By cooling the material to near absolute zero, they observed a sudden increase in resistance, opening up new possibilities for microelectronics and energy-efficient devices.
The American Chemical Society's president will lead a special symposium on energy research and future challenges. Experts from various fields, including nuclear energy systems, hydrogen economy, and solar energy utilization, will present their findings.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a compound that captures and separates radioactive ions, including strontium 90, from inert materials. The synthetic sulfide-based compound can strip away 99% of the radioactive element within a few hours.
A team of researchers from INL and partner institutions has successfully improved coated-particle nuclear fuel performance by reaching a burnup of 9% without any fuel failure. The breakthrough increases the efficiency of the reactor system, reducing fuel requirements and waste generation.
Researchers at Purdue University's Discovery Park are developing advanced simulations to predict the behavior of miniature switches in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). The goal is to improve their reliability and durability for use in various applications, including national defense and civilian industries.
Scientists have identified two types of electromagnetic configurations in inertial confinement fusion implosions that affect dynamics and diagnosis. Researchers measured field strength and area densities using radiography with a pulsed monoenergetic proton source.
Researchers at PNNL have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how barium oxide attaches to gamma-alumina, a crucial step in reducing toxic nitrogen oxide emissions. The discovery has the potential to improve the efficiency of lean burn engines, which offer up to 35% better fuel economy.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory developed a lensless X-ray technique that can image ultra-small structures buried in nanoparticles and biocells. The method uses high-intensity X-ray beams to create images with resolution of up to 20 nanometers, enabling research on material properties and biological processes.
A group of scientists, led by Stanford physicist Michael May, is urging an international push to improve nuclear forensics to prevent terrorist attacks. They recommend training, advanced equipment, and stronger ties to intelligence agencies to quickly identify the source of nuclear materials.
Researchers are seeking new materials for efficient radiation detection due to limitations in current primary materials. They aim to improve understanding of radiation physics to make informed choices about material properties.
Physicists at RHIC have developed a way to measure subtle fluctuations in particle beams and send corrections ahead to smooth out scattering. This technique, called stochastic cooling, aims to recreate the conditions of the early universe, potentially saving time and money.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed an environmentally friendly technology to produce ethylene from ethane streams by removing pure hydrogen, significantly reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The new membrane reactor enables the reaction to feed itself, making it a clean and energy-efficient way of producing ethylene.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory successfully created 3D crystalline structures of nanoparticles using DNA, opening doors for new applications. The method relies on the attractive forces between complementary DNA strands to guide nanoparticle interactions and produce ordered crystals.
The TEAM 0.5 microscope has achieved unprecedented image resolution of half a ten-billionth of a meter, enabling the precise localization of individual atoms in three dimensions. This capability is made possible by advanced technologies such as ultra-stable electronics and aberration correction.
Twenty research projects have been awarded access to Argonne's 556-teraflops IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer through the Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program. Researchers will conduct cutting-edge simulations in fields such as nuclear simulation, high-energy physics, and climate modeling.
Scientists have discovered that sound waves can trigger earthquakes in a laboratory setting, inducing aftershocks long after the initial quake. This finding has significant implications for understanding earthquake behavior and may provide clues to catastrophic events in other granular media.
Researchers propose new mechanism for superconductivity in materials without phonon interaction, potentially leading to higher temperatures. This discovery could pave the way for a new class of high-temperature superconductors.
Scientists investigate Hanford's vadose zone to understand contaminant migration and develop remediation solutions. They find complex pathways for nuclear waste travel, affecting composition and speed, impacting the environment and people downstream.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that the surface of manganite materials has a more disordered orbital order than their bulk counterparts. This 'surface orbital roughness' affects electron transfer and provides fundamental information for future research and development.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have created a new tool to measure elusive atmospheric chemicals involved in smog formation. The device can predict the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies by quantitatively assessing hydroperoxyl radicals and their chemical pathways.
Kyle Cranmer, a Brookhaven Lab physicist, has received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for his work on the ATLAS experiment at CERN. He specializes in advanced data analysis and statistical techniques to discover new physics at the Large Hadron Collider.
The upgraded system increases computing power by a factor of five, enabling researchers to explore complex systems at unprecedented scale and speed. With this boost, Argonne's leadership in petascale computing is solidified, paving the way for breakthroughs in materials research, medicine, and other fields.
A team of researchers has found that the Indian plate is only about 100 km thick, whereas the other parts of Gondwanaland are about 200 km thick. This discovery explains why India moved faster and further than the other parts of the supercontinent during its break-up.
Scientists have successfully measured the interaction between a single functional group and a carbon nanotube for the first time. The study found that the interaction strength depends on the electronic structure of the interacting molecule/CNT system, eliminating guesswork in designing new nanocomposite materials and devices.
The SiCortex SC5832 enables research in astrophysics, climate modeling, and biotechnology at Argonne National Lab due to its unique capabilities and energy efficiency. The system boasts six 64-bit processors and a PCIexpress connection for fast communications.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory develop a method to correlate microscopic imaging techniques, leading to better understanding and diagnosis of diseases. The technology enables the study of organic and inorganic components simultaneously, improving disease treatment.
Researchers at the University of Utah have developed new peptides that inhibit HIV entry into cells, with up to a 40,000-fold improved antiviral potency over previously reported D-peptides. These peptides resist degradation, making them suitable for oral administration and potentially reducing drug resistance.
Researchers from Argonne National Laboratory have developed a method to characterize quantum dot blinking on faster time scales than before. The results provide new insight into the mechanism of quantum-dot blinking and may help control and suppress this flickering behavior.
The US Department of Homeland Security has developed a new screening prototype that uses ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging to detect liquids in baggage and on airline passengers. The SENSIT technology can differentiate between harmful items and common carry-on liquid consumables with high accuracy.
A new study using a molecular clock indicates that smallpox evolved earlier than previously believed, with divergence times ranging from 16,000 to 68,000 years ago. The research provides a framework for studying the natural history of other diseases and suggests that local pools of old strains existed in geographically dispersed areas.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in writing and storing information on electronic devices by eliminating false writes, which can affect the accuracy of computer memory. The new method uses high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopes to resolve structures at an atomic level.
Researchers create DNA shells to coat particles' surfaces, allowing for precise control over their structure and properties. The technique enables applications in efficient energy conversion, drug delivery, and environmental monitoring.
By using synthetic DNA to recognize and bind to complementary DNA on nanoparticles, researchers can control the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles into clusters. This technique provides precise control over nanoparticle assembly, enabling the creation of well-organized nanoclusters.
A new method to safely store, dispense and easily 'refuel' hydrogen using small AB pellets is being developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory scientists. The pellets hold promise in meeting long-term targets for transportation use, occupying less space and weight than systems using pressurized hydrogen gas.
Researchers are using combined experimental and computational methods to understand the structural and bonding parameters of uranyl, a common oxidation state of uranium. The insights gained will contribute to predicting the chemical and physical properties of heavy transition metal and actinide complexes.
A new study suggests that irrigation may not cool the globe in the future, contrary to previous findings. The research team analyzed temperature and irrigation trends in California's Central Valley and found a clear cooling effect in agricultural areas, but one that has recently slowed down.
Researchers used X-ray images to study tracheal systems in four beetle species, finding that larger beetles devote more space to tracheal tubes. This discovery suggests that leg size is a key limiting factor for insect body size, explaining the extinction of giant insects.