News from the institutes and societies that organize science. Covers scientific medals, university-hospital partnerships, oncology cooperatives, and society leadership.
Jeffrey Ebersole, Sharon Grayden, and Stephen Bayne received the 2021 AADR Presidential Citation for their significant contributions to the Association. The citation honors individuals who have made lasting impacts on dental research and advancing the mission of the AADR.
Martin Thornhill, a renowned professor at the University of Sheffield, has received the 2021 IADR Distinguished Scientist Award in Pharmacology/Therapeutics/Toxicology Research. He is recognized for his sustained contributions to dental and medical research, covering topics such as oral mucosa conditions.
Alvaro Della Bona, University of Passo Fundo Professor, received the 2021 Wilmer Souder Award for his contributions to dental biomaterials research. He is recognized internationally for his publications and invited presentations on the topic.
Researchers identified cell diversity in embryonic salivary glands through single-cell transcriptome analyses, revealing early establishment of transcriptional identities. The study provides comprehensive descriptions of molecular signatures defining specific cellular landmarks.
Eija Kononen is a Professor and Chair of Periodontology at the University of Turku, Finland, known for her pioneering work on oral microbiology and its role in immune response. Her novel salivary diagnostic method, the Cumulative Risk Score, has been used in several studies to diagnose periodontal status.
Researchers at Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg created a new material by combining barium titanate, strontium titanate, and calcium titanate in a lattice. The resulting ferroelectric-paraelectric superlattice significantly enhances the photovoltaic effect, producing up to 1,000 times more power than pure barium titanate.
Researchers developed a θ-SIR model to simulate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 strains and vaccines on COVID-19 propagation. The model estimates that insufficient vaccination rates can lead to new waves, even with effective reproduction numbers below 1.
Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi, a UW Professor and researcher, wins Terrie Fox Wetle Rising Star Award for her work on social and behavioral communication patterns among individuals with moderate to advanced dementia. Her research aims to improve care and outcomes for persons living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
Researchers found that subjective decisions play a critical role in shaping empirical results, emphasizing the need for open data, systematic robustness checks, and transparency in academic research. This study highlights the benefits of diverse analytical approaches and the importance of humility when communicating findings.
An interdisciplinary research team at TUM has developed nano-capsules tailored from genetic material using the DNA origami method to engulf and neutralize viruses. The strategy has been tested against hepatitis and adeno-associated viruses in cell cultures and may prove successful against corona viruses.
Xatkit offers pre-trained bots that can learn from product developments and provide tasks such as recommending products or notifying shops. The technology allows for complex conversations and process management, optimizing customer service costs.
Researchers found that resilience fluctuates over time, with emotional exhaustion increasing and commitment decreasing. Factors like experience within the organization and emotional stability influence these effects.
Researchers aim to understand jets' composition and launch mechanisms by combining theory, observation, and modelling. The goal is to develop a concordance model of jets, overcoming historical divisions between scientific approaches.
Researchers at TUM used organoids to investigate mechanical influences on organ growth, finding that collective cell movements deform collagen matrix, controlling further growth. This discovery provides a new model for simulating and investigating organ development.
Researchers from Tohoku University discovered that preventing oxygen release in lithium-ion batteries can prevent thermal runaway, a critical issue in high-energy-density batteries. The study found that stabilizing transition metals reduces oxygen release, leading to safer battery performance.
Astronomers have discovered a rare binary star system, HD265435, which is spiralling towards a Type Ia supernova. The white dwarf companion will go supernova in around 70 million years, providing valuable insights into the expansion of the universe.
Researchers have produced detailed molecular blueprints of the bacterial enzyme Lit, which may enable bacteria to evade the immune response and contribute to antibiotic resistance. The study's findings could lead to the development of new antibiotics targeting this enzyme.
Researchers at Kobe University have identified a causal gene, Necdin (NDN), associated with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disorders. The study reveals that the NDN gene regulates synapse development during critical developmental stages.
A University of Central Florida study found that smaller loggerhead and green sea turtles are nesting on Florida beaches than in the past. The researchers measured nearly 10,000 nesting female loggerheads and over 3,000 nesting female green turtles and discovered a decline in average size over the past 37 years.
The new Quantum C100 detector enables radical simplification of microscope design, making cryoEM widely available and accessible. This will benefit society by increasing the democratization of cryoEM technology.
A recent study suggests that newborns to three months old should be stimulated to hold and reach for objects. This stimulation helps their social, motor, and cognitive development. Researchers propose a novel approach to understanding imitation and manual activities, including exercises such as placing the baby's hands on different tex...
A digital oral health approach aims to improve healthy behavior, lower risk factors, and reduce oral health inequalities. The use of digital tools has demonstrated potential in expanding oral healthcare access worldwide.
A large register-based study found adults with ADHD at higher risk of various physical conditions, particularly nervous system, respiratory, musculoskeletal, and metabolic diseases. The strongest associations were seen for alcohol-related liver disease, sleep disorders, and obesity.
Researchers at Linköping University developed a method to create structural colours for use in reflective colour displays, enabling manufacturing of thin and lightweight displays with high energy-efficiency. The new method uses electrically conducting plastics and can produce all colours in the visible spectrum.
Fibromyalgia is a disease of the immune system, according to new research that shows patient antibodies increase pain-sensing nerve activity throughout the body. Antibodies from people with FMS cause symptoms like increased pain sensitivity and muscle weakness.
A research group discovered that β-catenin signaling is used for axial patterning in sea anemones and sea urchins, a mechanism that also exists in vertebrates. This suggests that this system was present in the common ancestor of Cnidaria and Bilateria around 650 million years ago.
A study involving 154 volunteers found that wearing transparent masks increased comprehension of speech by 10%, even for those with normal hearing. The study's findings suggest that visual cues play a significant role in facilitating communication during masked conversations.
A new study published in the Strategic Management Journal found that business relatedness has a significant effect on market exit, with greater potential for resource redeployment leading to faster exits. The research analyzed 3,082 retail chains across 106 countries and suggests that internal redeployment is a key driver of market exit.
New research suggests subterranean estuaries play a critical role in filtering pollutants from freshwater, supporting large ecosystems. These invisible structures are estimated to supply up to 25% of continental freshwater discharged to certain coastal areas.
A Baylor University study found that organizational support for adoption positively affects employees, their families, and the organization itself. The research showed that commitment to the organization is greater when employees receive financial reimbursement or leave policies supporting their adoption of a child.
Researchers used the Ising model to demonstrate the role of social distancing and isolation in reducing virus transmission. By comparing infected people to 'spin-up' electrons and non-infected people to 'spin-down', they showed that quarantine is key to mitigating transmission.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that over 50% of young adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 developed persistent symptoms six months later. These symptoms included impaired memory, concentration difficulties, fatigue, shortness of breath, and loss of smell or taste.
Researchers tracked female elephant seals' diving habits and found they spent 20-24 hours a day foraging to gain body fat stores. This unique adaptation may also make them vulnerable to changes in ocean temperatures and prey availability as a result of climate change.
A study from McGill University found that songbirds use similar speech patterns to humans, including shorter elements in longer phrases. The researchers suggest that physical factors such as muscle fatigue and limited lung capacities may play a role in these patterns.
Researchers at Linköping University discovered that XPS can give misleading analysis results due to an erroneous assumption during calibration. This error has led to the publication of interpretations of data in conflict with basic physics, raising concerns about research credibility.
A new study predicts severe drying of the Amazon forest, threatening its viability and biodiversity. The eastern part of the Amazon is expected to face extreme drought by the end of the century, with reduced rainfall comparable to major droughts in 2005 and 2010.
The study used live tissue imaging to show that cell migration drives the growth of the mammary bud, while ring cells exert contractile force through the actomyosin network. This novel mechanism for invagination may be essential for developing organs.
Research finds that when service industry employees are financially dependent on customer tips and required to project a positive attitude, they're more likely to experience sexual harassment. The study suggests that reducing dependence on tips or relaxing emotional expectations can help mitigate this issue.
The symposium will explore the latest research findings on computer systems and methods in HPC, focusing on achieving optimal computing performance and energy efficiency. Researchers from top institutions will present their work, including keynotes and special sessions on up-to-the-minute topics.
Scientists have successfully controlled graphene at an atomic scale using a novel experimental setup and machine learning algorithms. The breakthrough enables the creation of large-scale structures with tailored properties, opening up new avenues for materials design.
A long-term study by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology found that natural regeneration through seed dispersal by birds, mammals, and wind can produce biodiverse and resilient woodlands. The research suggests that incorporating passive rewilding into national planting targets could result in significant cost savings.
CSIC scientists propose a new approach to regulate the signaling cascade of tyrosine kinases, which could lead to the development of more selective tools for research, diagnosis, or treatment of diseases. The new tool is designed to block the molecules on which kinases act, rather than inhibiting the enzymes themselves.
A research team from the University of Göttingen uses powerful laser irradiation to study electrical and magnetic properties on surfaces of transparent crystals. They successfully demonstrate control over high harmonic radiation, enabling the investigation of magnetisation at the surface of magnesium oxide.
A new study found that between 51-60% of the world's rivers stop flowing periodically, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift in river science and management. Non-perennial rivers provide critical water sources and support biological diversity, but are often overlooked and mismanaged.
A new study published in the Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand suggests that indigenous Māori people may have set eyes on Antarctic waters and possibly the continent as early as the 7th century. The research uncovers a deep-rooted connection between Māori people and Antarctica, which continues to this day.
Purdue University engineers have developed battery-free wearable technology using silk-based coils and hydrophobic molecules for easy cleaning. These smart clothes can be used underwater, washed in conventional machines and are flexible and breathable like conventional cotton T-shirts.
Researchers develop a new method to create ultrathin functional materials with highly defined structures, using self-organization and photopolymerization. The process produces porous two-dimensional polymers with nearly perfect order, opening up potential applications in filtration, membranes, and other contexts.
Researchers suppressed magnetic order across a material for several picoseconds using ultrafast laser pulses. The study reveals how magnetic interactions are suppressed not just locally but everywhere, with the goal of understanding magnetism control for applications like data storage and superconductivity.
The German Research Foundation has extended funding for two Göttingen Collaborative Research Centres, CRC 1073 and CRC 1286, to further their research on atomic scale control of energy conversion and quantitative synaptology. The CRCs will receive around ten million euros per year over four years.
Researchers developed RADICA, a molecular rapid testing methodology for detecting viral nucleic acids in 40-60 minutes. The method has been tested on SARS-CoV-2 synthetic DNA/RNA and Epstein-Barr virus and shows high sensitivity and specificity.
Researchers have discovered a new marine scale worm species exhibiting male dwarfism, which is rare in the animal kingdom. The discovery sheds light on extreme sexual size dimorphism and highlights the unique environmental factors that may lead to such phenomena.
A study conducted in Brazil evaluated the filtration efficacy of 227 commercially available face masks. Professional-use models were found to be most effective at retaining aerosol particles, with fabric masks ranging from 15% to 70% efficiency.
Scientists have measured the mass of human chromosomes using X-rays for the first time, finding them to be significantly heavier than expected. The study's results suggest there may be unexplained excess mass in chromosomes, which could have important implications for understanding human health and diagnosing cancer.
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 infected various organs in children, leading to a wide range of clinical manifestations, including abdominal pain, heart failure, and seizures. The study suggests that the virus's direct action on tissues is associated with an exacerbated inflammatory response in children.
Researchers found higher levels of stress among parents during the workday and weekdays compared to evenings and weekends. The study also revealed that having one adult in the home was related to higher stress levels.
Researchers at Samara Polytech developed a method to obtain non-racemic 4,5-dihydrofurans using Michael addition, which could lead to the creation of biologically active compounds. The study also explores the potential use of these compounds as treatments for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
A study found that exoskeleton-assisted walking improved bowel evacuation time and stool consistency in participants with chronic spinal cord injury. The intervention plan included walking, not just standing, and resulted in notable improvements in bowel function.
IIASA researchers have proposed a novel systematic scenario framework to help policymakers assess and compare climate policies across countries. The framework allows for exploration of multiple systematic scenarios associated with emissions reductions in 2050, providing a flexible approach to assessing national long-term pathways.
Researchers have updated one of the world's largest databases on neuronal types, Hippocampome.org, with a comprehensive mapping between neural activity and identified neuron types. This may enable biologically meaningful computer modeling of the full neuronal circuit of the hippocampus.
A Concordia University study reveals that only a few Quebec public bodies have implemented substantial employee-driven innovation in line with the Sustainable Development Act. Institutional factors, such as bureaucratic processes and political agendas, often hinder meaningful staff action.