Articles tagged with Research Organizations
Caterpillars that use defence mechanisms to repel predators produce significantly fewer eggs than their non-defensive counterparts. Research found that these insects grow slower and are smaller when defending themselves.
The human body produces a human antibiotic, beta-defensin 1, in remarkable quantities despite showing little activity against microbes under standard conditions. However, research discovered that this protein unfolds strong antibiotic activity against lactic acid bacteria and yeast under low-oxygen conditions.
A major grant award of £3.3 million has been secured by a Southampton-led consortium project to study past and possible future sea-level rise. The researchers aim to obtain a better picture of how much and how quickly sea level may rise as a result of global warming.
The University of Warwick has developed a new HDR video technology that can capture and display dynamic images with a wider range of lighting conditions. The system will revolutionise the use of HDR in various applications, including surveillance cameras and surgical procedures.
Research finds that asking for advice can increase likelihood of patronizing a business and donating to a nonprofit. On the other hand, soliciting expectations creates distance and reduces subsequent transactions.
A recent study found that red deer on the Isle of Rum are rutting earlier in the year, with their calving seasons now up to two weeks earlier than 30 years ago. This change is attributed to warmer spring and summer temperatures, providing rare evidence of climate change's impact on large mammals.
Researchers from Innsbruck and Vienna have isolated gas-phase carbonic acid, a molecule previously thought to be non-existent. The team used infrared spectroscopy to characterize the molecules and found that they exist in at least three different species.
NIDCR funding to US dental schools decreased by 10% between 2005 and 2009, with dollars from other NIH Institutes and Centers increasing 34.6%. This trend may threaten the identity of dental schools as a profession if research infrastructure is not strengthened.
Research team subject lithium to intense pressure and low temperatures, revealing its surprising properties. The element becomes a liquid at room temperature and refuses to freeze until a chilly -115o F, exhibiting complex crystalline states at high pressures.
Holger Puchta aims to control inheritance in plants to improve crop properties using nature's existing gene pool and cutting-edge techniques like genome sequencing and DNA scissors. The ERC grant will support his five-year project.
Researchers found that sniffing women's emotional tears reduces men's sexual arousal and decreases testosterone levels, but has no impact on emotional responses or empathy. The study uses fMRI scans to reveal brain activity changes in response to tear exposure.
A team of British scientists are heading to the Antarctic Peninsula to collect rock samples and analyze their mineralogy, geochemistry, and isotopic character to determine how glaciers and ice sheets behaved in past climates. They aim to predict how these natural systems will react in years to come if temperatures continue to rise.
Researchers discovered a unique class of cells called astrocytes that contribute to visual blinding in glaucoma, as well as abnormal forms of gamma synuclein. The study's findings suggest a biological process similar to Parkinson's disease unfolds at the optic nerve head.
Researchers have uncovered two photographic images of native Americans from the Amazon region, which were taken by John Thomson in 1911. The images depict the subjects naked to the waist and are part of a broader tradition of imperial photography that sought to document human 'types'.
The 'Older People's Use of Unfamiliar Space' project examines strategies used by older people to find their way in unfamiliar spaces. Designing outdoor spaces that are more easily navigable and walkable is crucial in reducing stress levels, with buildings and landmarks serving as key navigational aids.
A new software tool visualizes biomechanical data to help professionals understand and address mobility challenges. This improves diagnostic, therapeutic, communication, and education procedures, leading to better-designed products and healthcare strategies. The tool has the potential to enhance quality of life for older people.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have identified a spontaneously chain-reacting molecule that can grow durable 'molecular-chains' on surfaces. This discovery could enable faster and more efficient creation of nano-wires for circuitry applications.
The discovery of the fourth giant planet in the HR 8799 system strengthens the resemblance between this exoplanetary system and our own, with all four planets being similar in size. Detailed study of HR 8799e will be challenging due to its relative faintness and proximity to its star.
A new study from UBC finds that sudden changes in meltwater volume contribute more to the acceleration of the Greenland ice sheet than gradual warming. The ice sheet's flow is influenced by complex fluid dynamics and can be accelerated by short-term weather extremes, not just gradual temperature increases.
Researchers at King's College London are creating a mathematical model to measure personal exposure to traffic pollution, allowing individuals to adapt their journeys and reduce harmful emissions. The project will also study the effects of different particles on human health, leading to more focused traffic planning.
A study using location awareness technologies found that older adults spend most of their day sitting or lying, with only a small percentage engaging in walking activities. The findings highlight the importance of providing effective transport networks and local services to support mobility.
Six scientists from Croatia, Czech Republic, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey will receive the 2010 EMBO Installation Grants for 3 years. They will be integrated into the prestigious EMBO Young Investigator programme with networking opportunities and career development programmes.
A Spanish Oncology study has established a new standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer, reducing the risk of recurrence by 32% in women with high-risk but node-negative disease. The treatment, which combines docetaxel with cyclophosphamide, was found to improve disease-free survival and overall quality of life.
A University of Leicester-led project uses space technologies to analyze Renaissance Tomb-Monuments in Suffolk, unlocking their mysterious past. The research employs techniques from Space Science, including 3D scanning and non-destructive materials analysis, to solve complex historical problems.
Advanced riders with formal training demonstrated better road positioning, hazard perception, and progress through bends compared to novice and experienced riders without training. The study suggests that formal advanced training can improve safety on the roads.
A Cardiff University study reveals that living in a deprived area increases the risk of violence more sharply for girls than boys. The researchers found that assault injury rates were uniformly higher in the most deprived areas, and that the risk to girls was three times more sensitive to material deprivation.
Research finds that a missing molecule essential for nerve cell development impacts GnRH transport, leading to infertility in males. In mice lacking SEMA3A, GnRH becomes stuck in the nose or forehead, preventing proper hormone regulation.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have successfully created artificial spin ice, a state-of-the-art nanomaterial that has been difficult to produce in the past. By achieving thermal equilibrium, they can now study the precise configuration of magnetic monopoles and their potential applications in magnetricity.
The EMBO Young Investigator Programme has selected 21 talented young researchers from across Europe to join the network. These group leaders will receive financial support and benefits such as lab management training and networking events.
Researchers at the University of Leeds and Manchester are conducting a £1.5 million project to inform sustainable urban transport planning by 2050. The STEP-CHANGE project will gather data on household travel behavior and analyze it with historical records to develop new tools for sustainability.
Researchers have found a finely tuned process that enables plants to adjust their genes to daylight patterns, shedding light on human responses to disrupted daily rhythms. This discovery could provide new insights into coping with jet lag and shift work.
The American Association for Dental Research (AADR) presented a record-breaking turnout of 22 scientific posters on cutting-edge salivary diagnostics research. Key findings included emerging technologies and translational applications in the field, marking a significant milestone for the organization.
A team of researchers has developed a novel identification system for mouse embryos by injecting silicon barcodes into their perivitelline space. The system enables the tracing of individual embryos during in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer procedures, reducing risks associated with human gamete and embryo identification.
Drongos in the Kalahari Desert act as lookouts for pied babblers, allowing them to focus on foraging and catch more insects. This mutualistic relationship may represent a rare example of two species evolving from a parasitic to a beneficial interaction.
Research into health systems aims to improve healthcare delivery, but lacks clarity due to multiple definitions. The article proposes working definitions for Operational, Implementation, and Health Systems research, which can be used to build on existing research and maximize its impact.
Researchers from Imperial College London have developed a space-time cloak that can conceal events, making it theoretically possible for objects to move undetected. The cloak exploits metamaterials to create undetectable blind spots in light or sound waves.
Neurobiologists have identified specific types of neurons in the amygdala that process fear inputs and regulate subsequent fear responses. These circuits play a key role in the generalization of fear, allowing it to become divorced from its original situation, and may provide new targets for treating phobias and anxiety disorders.
Researchers use snapdragon flower as model to study genetic and chemical cues that shape biological structures, revealing key role of genes in controlling cell growth and orientation. The study also suggests evolutionary tinkering played a role in shaping complex forms.
Researchers used NIRS to investigate infants' hemodynamic responses to happy and angry faces, finding that positive expressions elicited continuous neural activation, while negative expressions triggered more rapid decreased activity. The study suggests hemispheric lateralization of facial expression processing develops by 6 months.
A new study found that workers are pivotal in creating complex societies where conflict is minimized. The research discovered that UK worker ants are more docile and less aggressive towards their queens, whereas Spanish worker ants engage in ruthless behavior to determine the next queen.
Researchers have successfully visualized the human immune system's assassin protein perforin, revealing how it punches holes in cancerous or infected cells. The study provides insights into the protein's structure and function, which could lead to new ways of fighting cancer, malaria, and diabetes.
Scientists from Queen's University Belfast are developing a new technology using wearable sensors to create ultra-high bandwidth mobile internet infrastructures. This innovation has the potential to reduce the density of mobile phone base stations and bring significant social benefits, including improved healthcare and remote gaming.
The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) has recognized 63 life scientists for their outstanding research contributions. Among the new members are 12 female researchers who have made significant advancements in various fields of molecular biology, neuroscience, and cancer biology.
Dr Veerle Huvenne, a NOC marine geoscientist, has been awarded a major research grant to map complex deep-sea environments and study the biodiversity they support. The project, CODEMAP, aims to use state-of-the-art surveying methods to map habitat heterogeneity as a proxy for biodiversity.
Susana T. Valente receives $240,000 grant from the Landenberger Foundation to explore novel ways to prevent HIV replication. Her research focuses on identifying molecular interactions between retroviruses and host cells.
Physicists and engineers have installed a radar system on the Falkland Islands to monitor upper atmosphere activity that creates the Southern Lights. The radar station, part of the international Super Dual Auroral Radar Network, will help climatologists understand the link between the upper and lower atmospheres.
Researchers found that video game training improves employee knowledge by 11%, skill-based knowledge by 14% and retention rate by 9%. Games work best when engaging users and provide flexible access.
Researchers found that cataract surgery significantly reduces the frequency of all car crashes, with a 12.6% decrease in crash rates after accounting for other factors. The study also found cost savings of AUD $4.3 million, with each operation saving approximately $150 in crash costs.
New evidence supports the power of open access in increasing citation impact for higher-quality research. The study found that mandatory and self-selected open access articles have similar citation impacts, contradicting the self-selection bias hypothesis.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have developed a novel technique to control molecular alignment in discotic liquid crystals, enabling the creation of stable nanowires. These wires could be used in low-cost biosensors for water quality testing and next-generation electronic devices.
Two new 'Innovation and Knowledge Centres' in the UK will combine research with business expertise to accelerate development of cutting-edge technologies. The centres, funded by EPSRC and Technology Strategy Board, aim to generate economic growth through sustainable products and infrastructure.
A team of scientists has demonstrated the feasibility of Raman amplification, compressing long laser pulses to 1000 times shorter with intensities 300 times greater. This method could replace current expensive systems with smaller and more cost-effective ones, making technologies like x-ray development more accessible.
The partnership aims to double the number of physicians graduating from Mozambique medical schools in the next decade and improve surgical care in rural areas. The UCSD component will focus on training additional faculty and building surgical research capacity within UEM.
A recent study has found that environmental changes, such as dry and wet conditions, may have influenced the development of early human ancestors. The research team analyzed chemical compositions of rocks from Olduvai Gorge, which revealed more extreme climate fluctuations than previously thought.
A new study examines how river flow affects sediment movement, aiming to predict erosion and deposition in rivers. By using an innovative combination of measurements, scientists will improve understanding of sediment transport and develop techniques to prevent damage to infrastructure.
The £40 million Ecosystems Services for Poverty Alleviation programme aims to benefit developing countries by adapting to climate change. Experts from these nations will be trained in new farming techniques and infrastructure development.
Research at the University of East Anglia reveals that adding histidine to salmon diets prevents cataract formation. The nutrient was found to be deficient in post-1990s fish feed due to BSE concerns, leading to a significant increase in cataracts.
Lillian Feldshuh, an early transcatheter aortic valve recipient, received the Courageous Patient Award at TCT 2010. She was successfully treated for life-threatening aortic stenosis and remains in good health.
A new percutaneous mitral valve clip device demonstrated significant clinical benefits for patients with mitral valve regurgitation, improving left ventricular function and quality of life scores. The study found that patients with reduced MR grade at 12 months experienced marked clinical benefit.
The CREATE study demonstrated satisfactory angiographic and clinical outcomes for biodegradable polymer-based sirolimus eluting stents. The use of these stents with a recommended antiplatelet regimen resulted in a low rate of major adverse cardiac events and stent thrombosis.