Articles tagged with Archaeology
Researchers discovered monumental camel rock art in northern Saudi Arabia, dated between 12,800 and 11,400 years ago. The engravings, including over 130 life-sized figures, likely marked water sources and movement routes, revealing insights into early desert communities' resilience and innovation.
The TORF Research Unit studies medieval North Frisia's tidal flats, revealing archaeological remains and understanding human-environment interactions. Researchers aim to reconstruct the region's complex history and raise public awareness of coastline risks.
Archaeologists can now map hidden voids such as tunnels and channels using muon tomography, a method that detects changes in soil penetrability to cosmic radiation particles. The technology was successfully demonstrated at the City of David archaeological site in Jerusalem.
Archaeologists at Aarhus University found traces of azurite on a stone artifact in Germany, challenging the assumption that Palaeolithic artists only used red and black pigments. The discovery suggests that early humans had access to a broader colour palette than previously thought.
The study of Neanderthal footprints offers a unique window into everyday behaviour, providing insight into their physical presence, locomotion strategies, diet and social structure. The research suggests that Neanderthals were more versatile and ecologically adapted to coastal environments than previously believed.
Researchers uncover evidence of adzuki bean domestication in East Asia dating back to 9,000 years ago, expanding understanding of early Neolithic agriculture. The discovery reveals regional differences in bean size and utilization, highlighting the role of culinary practices in its domestication.
Researchers uncover pierced shells and pigments from Châtelperronian period, indicating a genuine workshop for jewellery manufacture. The findings suggest long-distance trade networks or significant human mobility, shedding new light on cultural variability of the time.
A groundbreaking discovery of Paleolithic tools in Ayvalık, Turkey, reveals that early humans may have used the northeastern Aegean coast as a route to enter Europe. The find provides valuable insights into early human presence, technological variability, and raw material preferences during the Pleistocene era.
Farmers in Middle East prioritized viticulture over olive growing due to irrigation, which maintained grape cultivation. This suggests that grapes and wine held cultural and economic value.
Researchers at Linköping University and the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria have discovered that lentils grown in the Canary Islands have a 2,000-year history, with genetic analysis revealing they originated from North African varieties brought by indigenous people. The study suggests these well-adapted lentil varieties may be...
A new paper highlights the importance of human historians in capturing emotional complexity behind world events as AI struggles to accurately represent Holocaust survivors' experiences. Historians possess skills that AI lacks, including the ability to capture human suffering and preserve fracture and silence.
The study found shocked quartz grains at three North American archaeological sites, indicating extreme heat and pressure. This supports the Younger Dryas Impact hypothesis, which proposes that a fragmented comet exploded over Earth, leading to megafauna extinctions and Clovis culture collapse.
A complete plano-convex ingot made of a copper-zinc-tin-lead alloy has been discovered in Sweden, rewriting the history of the region. The unusual composition challenges the initial dating to the Bronze Age, instead suggesting an Iron Age origin.
A new study has shed light on the metal trade in the Bronze Age, revealing that Sardinia was more connected to Scandinavia than previously thought. The research used a multi-proxy approach to analyze copper, tin, lead, and osmium isotopes, finding that bronzetti figures were primarily made from copper sourced from Sardinia.
Researchers uncovered evidence of ancient metal trading networks in Sardinia's Nuragic civilization through analysis of tiny metal figurines. The findings suggest widespread interaction and mixing practices between different cultures in the region during the early first millennium BCE.
Research on ancient rubbish heaps reveals that people travelled long distances to feast together at the end of the Bronze Age, with some events bringing animals from as far as northern England. The study found distinct patterns of animal remains in each midden, indicating local and regional economies.
The study reveals that Slavic groups originated in the region between the Dniester and Don rivers and migrated across Central and Eastern Europe. The genetic data show a mosaic of different groups adapting to local contexts, with no significant sex bias in migrations.
Researchers found that human selection and environmental changes led to a synchronous evolution of domestic and wild animal body sizes over the past 7,000 years. However, in recent centuries, human impact has intensified, causing wild species to shrink while domestic animals have grown larger.
A 2,800-year-old study using Carbon-14 dating reveals that the Siloam Pool and Dam were constructed as part of a comprehensive water management system for ancient Jerusalem. The findings point to early urban planning and impressive engineering skills in addressing climate change.
A new species of hypercarnivorous crocodyliform, Kostensuchus atrox, has been discovered in prehistoric Patagonia with a length of 11.5ft and weight of 250kg. This predator was likely one of the top predators in its ecosystem.
The Conservation Soft Box is an airtight, controlled environment case that preserves cultural heritage with minimal maintenance. It achieves similar results to expensive display cases but at a much lower cost, making it accessible to countries with limited resources.
Fossilized marine invertebrates accurately reflect past ecosystems' functional diversity, offering a powerful tool for understanding long-term ecological change and informing modern conservation efforts. The study supports the growing field of conservation paleobiology by validating the use of functional diversity metrics in fossil data.
Researchers found evidence of wild barley harvesting 9,200 years ago in Toda Cave, southern Uzbekistan, suggesting a more widespread transition to farming. The discovery contradicts the idea that agriculture developed independently in various parts of the world, instead revealing a more complex and interconnected process.
The study of Gribshunden's preserved artillery reveals insights into the technology and tactics used by European explorers in their quest for global domination. The discovery sheds light on why Denmark failed to compete with Iberian powers in colonizing the Americas, instead focusing on consolidating rule over the Baltic region.
The study reveals that victims had different dietary patterns and showed signs of higher mobility and physiological stress, suggesting they were outsiders. This finds supports a two-tiered ritual: local enemies killed in battle were dismembered as trophies; others, likely captives, were subjected to violent execution.
A 140,000-year-old child's skeleton from Israel reveals biological ties between Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens through unique morphological traits. The discovery confirms genetic exchanges between the two groups, with up to 6% of modern humans' genome originating from Neanderthals.
Researchers analyzed stone tools from Kenya's Homa Peninsula and found they were crafted from stronger, volcanic rocks brought from several miles away. This discovery pushes back the earliest known evidence of ancient humans transporting resources over long distances by 600,000 years.
A new study demonstrates that microscopic differences in iron can be spotted using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, allowing archaeologists to identify the origin of Spanish iron objects. This technique follows a quiet revolution in southeast archaeology, where metal detectors have been adopted for large-scale survey work.
Researchers at ETSU's Gray Fossil Site have discovered the first fossil deer in North America, dating back 5 million years. The newly described fossils reveal the likely ancestor of modern white-tailed deer and highlight the incredible diversity of life that once flourished in Tennessee.
Scientists have uncovered the remains of a vast animal community that lived in the European Arctic 75,000 years ago. The bones represent the oldest example of an animal community in the region during this warmer period of the ice age, providing valuable insights into how wildlife responded to dramatic climate shifts.
Researchers discovered traces of betel nut compounds in dental calculus from a 4,000-year-old burial site in Thailand, shedding light on the ancient practice. The study used new methods to analyze ancient teeth and found evidence of psychoactive plant use that was previously invisible to archaeologists.
Researchers reanalyzed ancient honey residue from Greek shrine jars using modern techniques and determined its likely origin. The findings suggest the presence of ancient honey, but other bee products may also be present.
Researchers found that people who experienced malnutrition early in life may have survived threats like plague at greater rates until young adulthood. However, this survival advantage could drop significantly when entering middle and late adult years.
A study published in Comptes Rendus Géoscience refines understanding of ocean levels, coastlines, and ancient migratory corridors in Africa and West Asia. The research uses improved glacial isostatic adjustment modeling and DNA data to explore alternative land and sea routes into and out of Africa.
The Seshat History of Moralizing Religion examines how societies across the world have answered ancient human questions about gods, morality, and the afterlife. The book reveals surprising insights into the development of religious traditions with a strong moral agenda, including Egypt's early adoption of divine punishment and reward.
Scientists think Neanderthals passed down different food preparation practices to neighboring groups, resulting in distinct butchery strategies. The differences in cut-mark patterns between Amud and Kebara caves may reflect unique cultural traditions of animal carcass processing.
Two Neanderthal groups living in Amud and Kebara caves in northern Israel butchered the same prey using similar tools but with distinct patterns of cut-marks on animal bones. These differences could represent cultural food practices such as drying or aging meat before butchering, which were passed down through generations.
The discovery sheds light on the complex connections between ancient Maya and central Mexican civilizations. Archaeologists found artifacts indicating early contact between the two regions around AD 350.
Researchers analyzed four complete donkey skeletons and remains to discover that Egyptian donkeys were incorporated into ritual burials during the Early Bronze Age in present-day Israel. Local donkeys were also part of the diet, according to the study published in PLOS One.
Researchers found that crab and clam species have remained stable in the Broken Group Islands for the past 3,000 years due to their resilience etched into shells. The study's novel approach uses repair scars on clam shells to assess historical crab populations, providing a tool for coastal conservation efforts.
Researchers sequenced the oldest Egyptian genome from a 4,500-4,800 year-old individual, tracing ancestry to North Africa and the Fertile Crescent. The study provides genetic evidence of population mixing in ancient Egypt during this period.
A new analysis reveals US media coverage of archaeology research prioritizes certain regions, such as the UK, Israel, and Australia, over others like China and Taiwan. The study's findings raise concerns about cultural affiliation and identity groups being excluded from mainstream narratives.
Researchers decoded the complex history of ancient Arles' aqueduct system by analyzing limescale deposits and building materials. The study confirmed that the basin functioned as a header basin upstream of an aqueduct arcade bridge, and revealed the role of large lead pipes in supplying water to different parts of the city.
A new study reconciles opposing views on the spread of Neolithic farming by combining archaeology and genetics. The research found that cultural changes occurred through both people migration and the spread of ideas, depending on the region and period.
A study in the Andes found that early farmers relied on consistent food resources and managed wild plants, contradicting the idea of an agricultural shift driven by hardship. The researchers analyzed ancient diets and found high proportions of plant material in the diet, supplemented by smaller amounts of meat.
Researchers tested a dugout canoe's feasibility for 30,000-year-old sea crossings in the Kuroshio Current. The experiment revealed strategic paddling strategies and a high level of seafaring knowledge among early modern humans.
The discovery of thousands of animal bones at a remote garrison site in northeastern Mongolia sheds new light on the lives of soldiers and civilians who lived along the medieval Liao Empire's long wall. The analysis suggests a largely self-sufficient pastoral economy, with evidence of herding, hunting, fishing, and seasonal climate var...
A 40,000-year-old boomerang made from mammoth tusk has been discovered in a Polish cave, pushing back the known age of such artifacts in Europe. The analysis of this artifact provides new insights into the chronology of the Early Upper Paleolithic period.
A newly discovered Tiwanaku temple in Bolivia provides new insights into the ancient society's highly organized structure and its connection to trade routes. The temple's layout suggests it was used for rituals following the solar equinox, and fragments of keru cups found on its surface point to its function as a central hub for trade.
A new investigation highlights the critical step of tooth extraction from animal skulls in ancient cultures. Experimental archaeology revealed that wet cooking and pit steaming were effective methods for extracting teeth without damaging them.
Researchers confirm human presence in the Americas between 23,000 and 21,000 years ago with a new study that uses ancient mud to date footprints. The findings contradict previous understanding of the peopling of North America and have sparked a reevaluation of archaeological theories.
A new study on ancient dog DNA shows that dogs slowly spread southward alongside early farming societies in the Americas. The research found that all pre-contact dogs in Central and South America descended from a single maternal lineage.
Researchers found that humans increased their ability to exploit different habitat types in Africa around 70,000 years ago, paving the way for a successful dispersal into Eurasia. This ecological flexibility allowed human groups to adapt to challenging climates and overcome geographic barriers.
A new study provides evidence that pigs were domesticated from wild boars in South China approximately 8,000 years ago. The researchers analyzed molar teeth of 32 pig specimens and found starch granules, human parasite eggs, and other signs of human interaction, indicating that pigs ate cooked foods, human waste, and scavenged food fro...
The Philippine archipelago has been found to have a sophisticated ancient technology dating back over 30,000 years, with evidence of seafaring capabilities and specific fishing skills. The discovery highlights the region's significance in the narrative of human migration and adaptation in Island Southeast Asia.
A team of researchers discovered genetic evidence of a rare matrilineal community in Neolithic China dating back over 4,750 years. The study found that women stayed within their clan for life, while men often moved between clans, suggesting a relatively simple and egalitarian farming community organized around two matrilineal clans.
A new AI program, Enoch, has been developed to analyze ancient handwriting styles and estimate the age of undated manuscripts. The program, trained on radiocarbon dating data, was tested on 135 Dead Sea Scrolls and found realistic estimates for approximately 79% of the samples.
A new study combines ancient DNA with dietary evidence and linguistics to paint a vivid picture of pre-colonial coastal communities in Papua New Guinea. The research highlights the influence of migrations and interactions on genetic makeup, supporting previous studies on the settlement of remote islands.
Researchers propose that early humans used fire to smoke and dry meat to preserve it for extended periods, safeguarding large game from predators and scavengers. This new hypothesis offers a fresh perspective on the origins of fire use in prehistoric humans.
The study analyzed 371 archaeological monuments in Oman and found that they changed over time in response to environmental and cultural forces. Early monuments were built by larger groups, but as the climate dried out, smaller groups constructed smaller monuments and eventually built many of them in multiple visits.