Articles tagged with Ethnicity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers analyze cases of vitamin D deficiency in UK and conclude that supplementing Asian children for two years from birth can curb re-emergence of the deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to various health problems, including rickets, poor tooth formation, and increased risk of multiple sclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
A study examining stroke recurrence in Mexican Americans found they have a higher risk of recurrent strokes compared to non-Hispanic whites. This increased risk is associated with a higher mortality rate, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve outcomes.
A new study published in Annals of Neurology found that Mexican-Americans are more likely to suffer another stroke in the first two years after living through one, and have a significantly higher risk of dying from it. The researchers emphasize the importance of secondary prevention measures for this population.
A study of 5,615 child patients found that age, race, cause of kidney failure, and residual function were associated with short stature. Over one-third of children with kidney disease met the criteria for short stature.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a DNA segment on chromosome 8 that is a major risk factor for prostate cancer, especially in younger African American men. The study found that this region increases the likelihood of prostate cancer by about doubling it in younger African Americans.
Two genetic markers, one associated with African American babies and the other with women with chronic hypertension, have been identified as potential predictors of preterm birth. The findings could lead to improved diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of preterm birth, reducing its risks for lifelong health complications.
A study found that African Americans with hepatitis C infection experience a lower response rate to peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin combination treatment compared to Caucasian Americans. The racial difference in viral responses was seen as early as the fourth week of treatment, with African Americans having a significantly lower su...
Estimated costs of ischemic stroke in the US will exceed $2.2 trillion by 2050, with non-Hispanic whites facing a cost of $1.52 trillion and African Americans facing a higher per capita cost of $25,782. The study highlights ethnic disparities in stroke-related healthcare access and outcomes.
A new study predicts that the US will spend $2.2 trillion on stroke care over the next 45 years unless preventive measures are taken. The highest costs will be for African American and Latino patients, who suffer strokes at younger ages and receive poorer-quality care.
A study by University of Georgia doctoral student Matthew Harrison found that dark-skinned black applicants were less preferred than lighter-skinned counterparts with similar qualifications. This 'colorism' in hiring is rooted in societal perceptions associating light skin with attractiveness and intelligence.
A new study found that children from minority groups face higher rates of neighborhood poverty than their white and Asian counterparts. Between 1990-2000, African-American children benefited the most from declining poverty rates, while poor white children were more likely to live in non-poor neighborhoods.
Researchers found that multiracial congregations have dramatically different social ties compared to other Americans. Members in these congregations reported feeling accepted and having cross-racial friendships, which is lower than those in same-race or non-congregation groups.
A large representative survey found that 3.5% of adolescents in the US had ever exchanged sex for drugs or money, with higher rates among African American youths and those from non-traditional family setups. The study also showed a significant link between exchanging sex and drug use, as well as depression and having been forced into sex.
A recent study found that extreme heat increases mortality risk among the elderly, diabetics, and African Americans. The research analyzed 7.8 million deaths across US cities from 1989 to 2000, revealing a significant association between extreme temperatures and cardiovascular-related deaths in African Americans.
A new study found that African Americans have lower adherence rates to type 2 diabetes medication compared to whites. The researchers analyzed data from over 2,700 Medicaid patients and found that black patients were 12% less likely to take their medication as prescribed.
A recent study published in Policy Sciences examines the ethnic differences in job quality among US forest workers. The research reveals that Hispanic workers face more onerous jobs with fewer benefits, including less job security and no health insurance compared to white workers.
Sixty-two percent of Hispanic adults were uninsured, with three-quarters having no health insurance due to low income. Uninsured rates for African Americans are also high, with one-third experiencing gaps in coverage during the year. These disparities affect access to care and confidence in managing health problems.
A new study published in Obesity journal found that societal pressure on weight can discourage adults from adopting exercise and healthy lifestyle habits. The research highlights the importance of shifting focus away from specific target weights and promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits instead.
A new study finds that African-Americans are more likely to cohabit with and marry whites than black immigrants from the Caribbean and Africa. Interracial marriages among different racial groups remain low, but cohabitation rates are higher.
The SAGE journals examine the latest research and best practices in public health education to address health disparities. Key findings highlight the importance of a transdisciplinary approach and community-driven initiatives, such as the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) program.
Researchers confirm racial biological differences in emphysema distribution and severity between African Americans and Caucasians. The study suggests that the mechanism underlying the disease may vary between races, highlighting the need for targeted antismoking policies and improved treatment options for African American patients.
The 'culturally situated design tools' (CSDTs) program uses computer software to educate students about the mathematics principles behind various cultural designs. Preliminary research shows a statistically significant increase in math achievement and positive attitudes toward IT careers for students exposed to CSDTs.
The HPV vaccine protects against two types of HPV responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases. Targeted school-based vaccination clinics are proposed as an effective strategy to reach at-risk African American females.
A new study found that non-Hispanic blacks have the best hearing thresholds among three major ethnic groups in the US, with Mexican Americans falling in between. The median hearing levels of U.S. adults have not changed significantly since the early 1970s, despite increased noise sources.
A study comparing Japanese American and white male patients who received hormone treatment for prostate cancer found that the former had a significantly higher five-year overall survival rate of 66% compared to 42%. The result was not affected by cancer stage or PSA levels, suggesting genetic and lifestyle factors may play a role.
A study published in The Lancet found that New Zealand's Maori patients had a higher risk of preventable adverse events in hospital than non-Maori patients. Despite a publicly funded hospital system, Maori received marginally poorer care, with 14% of admissions associated with adverse events compared to 11% for non-Maori populations.
A new calculator tool, ETHRISK, has been developed to better assess the risk of heart disease in British black and minority ethnic groups. The tool is based on a re-calibration of the Framingham risk equations and provides more realistic assessments of heart disease risks within a 10-year period.
A recent study found that breast cancer in younger black women is more likely to be an aggressive variety, with a high frequency of basal-like subtype. The study suggests that this could contribute to the higher mortality rate among young black women with breast cancer.
A study found that pre-menopausal African American women are more likely to have the basal-like breast cancer subtype, which is more aggressive and lacks targeted treatment options. The researchers also noted a higher mortality rate among younger African American women with this subtype.
A new study by Mathematica Policy Research found that Hispanic 3-year-olds are more likely to be obese than their black and white counterparts. The research surveyed over 2,500 children born in US hospitals between 1998 and 2000, and adjusted for socioeconomic factors such as education level and access to food.
African American smokers show greater brain activation in response to smoking cues compared to Caucasian smokers. The study suggests that metabolism of nicotine may be slower in African Americans, contributing to lower success rates in smoking cessation.
Having any degree of impaired heart function may be an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Mild LVD is present in 3-6% of the general population and increases stroke risk more than three-fold in men and almost five-fold in women.
A University of Minnesota study found that directed health education and advice-oriented counseling can help African American light smokers quit. The study showed that participants who received specific health education had double the quit rate compared to those receiving motivational counseling.
The study found that ethnicity, quality of the doctor-patient relationship, disease activity, and trust in the US healthcare system are all associated with patients' trust in their doctors. Patient-centered communication was significantly linked to increased information sharing by patients.
Researchers found that defendants rated as 'stereotypically black' were sentenced to death at a rate of 57.5%, compared to 24.4% for those less stereotypically black, in cases involving white victims. However, this effect disappeared in 'black-on-black' capital cases.
A study by Oregon State University found that housing discrimination can occur based on name, with some landlords reacting more negatively to minority-sounding names. The research used a large sample of e-mail inquiries to landlords in Los Angeles and found significant differences in responses received by different names.
Researchers investigated TLR5 gene variants and their relationship to Crohn's Disease, finding effects on both Jews and non-Jews. The study highlights the importance of considering ethnicity in future investigations for better therapies.
Researchers found that visual perception is influenced by one's racial group membership, with Black-primed and White-primed biracial individuals differing significantly in their search patterns. The study demonstrates the malleability of visual perception to top-down influences.
Disparities in health status persisted for one or more minority groups, with Asian Pacific Islanders facing inferior oral health and Native Americans experiencing hearing/vision problems. The study also found disparities in care, including lack of health insurance and communication issues with usual sources of care.
The study found that African American men had fewer and less severe coronary obstructions than their white counterparts, despite similar estimated probabilities of obstruction. This paradox raises questions about the factors contributing to racial disparities in cardiovascular disease outcomes.
Researchers found that white men had more severe coronary obstructions in a study of 311 veterans, contradicting expectations. African American men, however, tend to have lower levels of severe obstructions and yet still experience high mortality rates from coronary artery disease.
The 'Ethnicity and Democratic Governance' project, led by Queen's Professor Bruce Berman, explores the complexities of democracy in multi-ethnic states and how to accommodate linguistic and cultural diversity. The team aims to develop practical tools for managing ethnic conflicts and promoting social justice.
The University of Cincinnati and CERHAS have recreated 39 ancient earthworks using virtual reconstructions, offering a new way to explore the Adena, Hopewell, and Fort Ancient cultures. The traveling exhibit will include interactive displays, 3D models, and virtual tours.
A six-year study analyzing data from 1 million mammograms reveals racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer screenings. African-American women are more likely to have inadequate screening before diagnosis, whereas Asian and Native American women tend to underutilize mammography, leading to higher advanced-stage tumor rates.
This study compares pregnancy risks and outcomes among babies born to foreign-born Asian-Indian, U.S.-born Asian-Indian, foreign-born Mexican, and U.S.-born Mexican mothers. Foreign-born Asian-Indian women face higher rates of low birth weight and small for gestational age babies despite a low-risk socio-demographic profile.
A recent study found that teens who use herbal remedies are four times more likely to have used inhalants and eight times more likely to have used heroin. The study suggests that parents and healthcare providers should ask about herbal product use to identify potential substance abuse issues.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that minority women experience a cumulative effect of racial and sexual harassment in the workplace. The additive theory supported by the data suggests that these two forms of harassment compound, with minority women facing higher rates than others.
A new analysis by Duke Clinical Research Institute researchers reveals that Lumbees have a significantly higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors. The study found that Lumbees who came to the hospital for heart treatment had higher rates of diabetes, hypertension, and prior history of coronary artery disease.
A recent study found that insulin levels increase in African American children during puberty, making them more susceptible to Type 2 diabetes. The study, which tracked participants over seven years, also revealed that pancreatic beta-cell function decreases in African American youth, further exacerbating the risk.
Research finds that John Henryism, a strong coping behavior style, affects emotional reactions and health outcomes among African Americans. High levels of JH are associated with increased rates of health disorders due to excessive goal-driven behavior without adequate resources.
A new study reveals that blood levels of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), suspected carcinogens linked to cancer and developmental problems, vary significantly among racial and ethnic groups in the US. The CDC found non-Hispanic white males had the highest levels of PFCs, with age having no influence on their concentrations.
A recent study found that the hypertension drug nebivolol can restore the balance between nitric oxide and oxidative stress, potentially correcting problems associated with high blood pressure. The researchers used nanosensors to test levels of nitric oxide in single cells from donors of various ethnic backgrounds.
Research from the University of Warwick reveals that increased levels of sE-selectin are strongly associated with measures of obesity and waist fat. This inflammation can lead to various health issues like thrombosis, heart disease, strokes, and diabetes.
Research reveals a novel pathway involving vitamin D that helps human macrophages kill TB bacilli, explaining why people of African descent are more vulnerable to the disease. Vitamin D levels vary significantly among populations due to melanin's impact on UV light absorption.
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that using open-ended questions to collect patient-reported data on ethnicity resulted in lower rates of missing values and unusable data compared to traditional closed-ended methods. This method also better captured the nuances of patients' self-identified ethnicities.
University of Utah archaeologist Jack M. Broughton's study of ancient Native American bird bones reveals that California wasn't always abundant in wildlife as settlers arrived. Indigenous people hunted some species to local extinction, and wildlife returned after European diseases decimated Indian populations.
A study found that African American infants with the common genetic variation Y1103 are 24 times more likely to die from SIDS than those without it. The variation affects sodium channels in cardiac muscle cells, increasing the risk of abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death.
A recent study by Dr. Luisa Borrell at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health reveals a racial disparity in hypertension among Hispanics, suggesting that being Black within this ethnic group is associated with the highest prevalence of high blood pressure. The research highlights the importance of addressing health inequ...
A recent study suggests that U.S. Hispanics have lower rates of high blood pressure than non-Hispanics, but this advantage disappears when race is accounted for. The research found that black Hispanics exhibit the highest prevalence of hypertension, regardless of their ethnicity.
A UCLA/Harvard study reveals that less than half of US healthcare workers receive flu shots, with lower rates among African American and younger workers. This low vaccination rate increases the likelihood of flu transmission to patients, highlighting the need for targeted educational campaigns to improve outreach and vaccination rates.