Research on ethnicity, identity, and health. Covers code-switching, traditional health practices, immigration and disease, and patient communication.
The SAGE journals examine the latest research and best practices in public health education to address health disparities. Key findings highlight the importance of a transdisciplinary approach and community-driven initiatives, such as the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) program.
Researchers confirm racial biological differences in emphysema distribution and severity between African Americans and Caucasians. The study suggests that the mechanism underlying the disease may vary between races, highlighting the need for targeted antismoking policies and improved treatment options for African American patients.
The 'culturally situated design tools' (CSDTs) program uses computer software to educate students about the mathematics principles behind various cultural designs. Preliminary research shows a statistically significant increase in math achievement and positive attitudes toward IT careers for students exposed to CSDTs.
The HPV vaccine protects against two types of HPV responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases. Targeted school-based vaccination clinics are proposed as an effective strategy to reach at-risk African American females.
A new study found that non-Hispanic blacks have the best hearing thresholds among three major ethnic groups in the US, with Mexican Americans falling in between. The median hearing levels of U.S. adults have not changed significantly since the early 1970s, despite increased noise sources.
A study comparing Japanese American and white male patients who received hormone treatment for prostate cancer found that the former had a significantly higher five-year overall survival rate of 66% compared to 42%. The result was not affected by cancer stage or PSA levels, suggesting genetic and lifestyle factors may play a role.
A study published in The Lancet found that New Zealand's Maori patients had a higher risk of preventable adverse events in hospital than non-Maori patients. Despite a publicly funded hospital system, Maori received marginally poorer care, with 14% of admissions associated with adverse events compared to 11% for non-Maori populations.
A new calculator tool, ETHRISK, has been developed to better assess the risk of heart disease in British black and minority ethnic groups. The tool is based on a re-calibration of the Framingham risk equations and provides more realistic assessments of heart disease risks within a 10-year period.
A study found that pre-menopausal African American women are more likely to have the basal-like breast cancer subtype, which is more aggressive and lacks targeted treatment options. The researchers also noted a higher mortality rate among younger African American women with this subtype.
A recent study found that breast cancer in younger black women is more likely to be an aggressive variety, with a high frequency of basal-like subtype. The study suggests that this could contribute to the higher mortality rate among young black women with breast cancer.
A new study by Mathematica Policy Research found that Hispanic 3-year-olds are more likely to be obese than their black and white counterparts. The research surveyed over 2,500 children born in US hospitals between 1998 and 2000, and adjusted for socioeconomic factors such as education level and access to food.
African American smokers show greater brain activation in response to smoking cues compared to Caucasian smokers. The study suggests that metabolism of nicotine may be slower in African Americans, contributing to lower success rates in smoking cessation.
Having any degree of impaired heart function may be an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke. Mild LVD is present in 3-6% of the general population and increases stroke risk more than three-fold in men and almost five-fold in women.
A University of Minnesota study found that directed health education and advice-oriented counseling can help African American light smokers quit. The study showed that participants who received specific health education had double the quit rate compared to those receiving motivational counseling.
The study found that ethnicity, quality of the doctor-patient relationship, disease activity, and trust in the US healthcare system are all associated with patients' trust in their doctors. Patient-centered communication was significantly linked to increased information sharing by patients.
Researchers found that defendants rated as 'stereotypically black' were sentenced to death at a rate of 57.5%, compared to 24.4% for those less stereotypically black, in cases involving white victims. However, this effect disappeared in 'black-on-black' capital cases.
A study by Oregon State University found that housing discrimination can occur based on name, with some landlords reacting more negatively to minority-sounding names. The research used a large sample of e-mail inquiries to landlords in Los Angeles and found significant differences in responses received by different names.
Researchers investigated TLR5 gene variants and their relationship to Crohn's Disease, finding effects on both Jews and non-Jews. The study highlights the importance of considering ethnicity in future investigations for better therapies.
Researchers found that visual perception is influenced by one's racial group membership, with Black-primed and White-primed biracial individuals differing significantly in their search patterns. The study demonstrates the malleability of visual perception to top-down influences.
Disparities in health status persisted for one or more minority groups, with Asian Pacific Islanders facing inferior oral health and Native Americans experiencing hearing/vision problems. The study also found disparities in care, including lack of health insurance and communication issues with usual sources of care.
Researchers found that white men had more severe coronary obstructions in a study of 311 veterans, contradicting expectations. African American men, however, tend to have lower levels of severe obstructions and yet still experience high mortality rates from coronary artery disease.
The study found that African American men had fewer and less severe coronary obstructions than their white counterparts, despite similar estimated probabilities of obstruction. This paradox raises questions about the factors contributing to racial disparities in cardiovascular disease outcomes.
The 'Ethnicity and Democratic Governance' project, led by Queen's Professor Bruce Berman, explores the complexities of democracy in multi-ethnic states and how to accommodate linguistic and cultural diversity. The team aims to develop practical tools for managing ethnic conflicts and promoting social justice.
The University of Cincinnati and CERHAS have recreated 39 ancient earthworks using virtual reconstructions, offering a new way to explore the Adena, Hopewell, and Fort Ancient cultures. The traveling exhibit will include interactive displays, 3D models, and virtual tours.
A six-year study analyzing data from 1 million mammograms reveals racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer screenings. African-American women are more likely to have inadequate screening before diagnosis, whereas Asian and Native American women tend to underutilize mammography, leading to higher advanced-stage tumor rates.
This study compares pregnancy risks and outcomes among babies born to foreign-born Asian-Indian, U.S.-born Asian-Indian, foreign-born Mexican, and U.S.-born Mexican mothers. Foreign-born Asian-Indian women face higher rates of low birth weight and small for gestational age babies despite a low-risk socio-demographic profile.
A recent study found that teens who use herbal remedies are four times more likely to have used inhalants and eight times more likely to have used heroin. The study suggests that parents and healthcare providers should ask about herbal product use to identify potential substance abuse issues.
A study by University of Toronto researchers found that minority women experience a cumulative effect of racial and sexual harassment in the workplace. The additive theory supported by the data suggests that these two forms of harassment compound, with minority women facing higher rates than others.
A new analysis by Duke Clinical Research Institute researchers reveals that Lumbees have a significantly higher burden of cardiovascular risk factors. The study found that Lumbees who came to the hospital for heart treatment had higher rates of diabetes, hypertension, and prior history of coronary artery disease.
Research finds that John Henryism, a strong coping behavior style, affects emotional reactions and health outcomes among African Americans. High levels of JH are associated with increased rates of health disorders due to excessive goal-driven behavior without adequate resources.
A recent study found that insulin levels increase in African American children during puberty, making them more susceptible to Type 2 diabetes. The study, which tracked participants over seven years, also revealed that pancreatic beta-cell function decreases in African American youth, further exacerbating the risk.
Research from the University of Warwick reveals that increased levels of sE-selectin are strongly associated with measures of obesity and waist fat. This inflammation can lead to various health issues like thrombosis, heart disease, strokes, and diabetes.
A new study reveals that blood levels of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), suspected carcinogens linked to cancer and developmental problems, vary significantly among racial and ethnic groups in the US. The CDC found non-Hispanic white males had the highest levels of PFCs, with age having no influence on their concentrations.
A recent study found that the hypertension drug nebivolol can restore the balance between nitric oxide and oxidative stress, potentially correcting problems associated with high blood pressure. The researchers used nanosensors to test levels of nitric oxide in single cells from donors of various ethnic backgrounds.
Research reveals a novel pathway involving vitamin D that helps human macrophages kill TB bacilli, explaining why people of African descent are more vulnerable to the disease. Vitamin D levels vary significantly among populations due to melanin's impact on UV light absorption.
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that using open-ended questions to collect patient-reported data on ethnicity resulted in lower rates of missing values and unusable data compared to traditional closed-ended methods. This method also better captured the nuances of patients' self-identified ethnicities.
University of Utah archaeologist Jack M. Broughton's study of ancient Native American bird bones reveals that California wasn't always abundant in wildlife as settlers arrived. Indigenous people hunted some species to local extinction, and wildlife returned after European diseases decimated Indian populations.
A study found that African American infants with the common genetic variation Y1103 are 24 times more likely to die from SIDS than those without it. The variation affects sodium channels in cardiac muscle cells, increasing the risk of abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death.
A recent study by Dr. Luisa Borrell at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health reveals a racial disparity in hypertension among Hispanics, suggesting that being Black within this ethnic group is associated with the highest prevalence of high blood pressure. The research highlights the importance of addressing health inequ...
A recent study suggests that U.S. Hispanics have lower rates of high blood pressure than non-Hispanics, but this advantage disappears when race is accounted for. The research found that black Hispanics exhibit the highest prevalence of hypertension, regardless of their ethnicity.
A UCLA/Harvard study reveals that less than half of US healthcare workers receive flu shots, with lower rates among African American and younger workers. This low vaccination rate increases the likelihood of flu transmission to patients, highlighting the need for targeted educational campaigns to improve outreach and vaccination rates.
Blair Rudes, a UNC Charlotte linguist, uses historical linguistics to revive the Virginia Algonquian language spoken by Native Americans in Jamestown. He reconstructs over 1,000 words and syntax to give the film authenticity.
A study examining asthma rates in Hispanics found that Puerto Ricans have the highest prevalence of asthma, with 31% of school children experiencing current wheezing. The study also found significant differences in asthma rates and disease severity among Hispanic subgroups.
A survey of 14,000 young people found that health indicators worsen with age, except for mental health and exposure to violence, which improve. Disparities increased across all racial and ethnic groups, with significant declines in health from adolescence to young adulthood.
Low-income and education levels linked to higher prevalence of severe periodontitis among African Americans. Socioeconomic status is a significant factor in periodontal health, independent of neighborhood conditions.
A study of 257 breast cancer patients aged 55+ found that Hispanic women were more likely to identify a family member as the final decision-maker for treatment. This led to lower rates of breast-conserving surgery compared to mastectomy in these patients. The study highlights the importance of acknowledging patients' family members in ...
A study by Washington University researchers found a single base variation in the TAS2R16 receptor gene that increases the risk of alcohol dependence, with higher incidence in African Americans and lower sensitivity to bitter tastes among those with this variant.
A recent study published in the Journal of Urban Health highlights risky sexual behaviors among gay men in Miami, with over a third using club drugs and engaging in unprotected sex. Meanwhile, another study found no significant difference in pediatric care quality based on the race/ethnicity of the child's doctor, but rather emphasizes...
The University of Iowa and Universidad de Puerto Rico's Summer Institute for Mathematics programs have successfully increased diversity among U.S. graduate students from underrepresented minority groups, with notable retention rates and career outcomes.
A systematic review of cardiovascular disease research reveals that most studies fail to account for ethnic diversity, leading to inadequate representation of minority groups. Researchers urge urgent action in Europe to ensure inclusive research practices and relevance to all population segments.
A study found that ethnic differences in beliefs about health and health management are associated with home remedy use among elderly adults. The researchers analyzed data from the ELDER study, which showed that black and Native American elders were more likely to use home remedies than white elders.
A recent study published in PLoS Medicine found that racial minority participation in clinical trials is linked more to access than attitude. The researchers discovered that the main barrier to participation is not a lack of willingness, but rather access to information about studies and logistical barriers such as child care and trave...
A new study found that racial and ethnic minorities are just as willing, if not more willing, to participate in health research than non-Hispanic whites. However, they were less likely to be invited to participate in these studies, highlighting the need for improved access and inclusivity.
The NHLBI research presented at the American Heart Association's scientific sessions highlights important findings on women and heart disease, including a link between high levels of male sex hormones and coronary artery disease in postmenopausal women. The study also explores the impact of socioeconomic status on cardiovascular diseas...
A recent study reveals that interracial relationships are becoming more common in the US, particularly among young adults, but tend to decline with age. The research found that younger individuals are more likely to have interracial relationships due to increasing social acceptance.
New studies show that young African Americans are at a much higher risk of developing pre-cancerous polyps compared to other racial groups. The American College of Gastroenterology recommends that African Americans begin colonoscopy screening at age 45, as opposed to the current recommended age of 50.
A study published in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association found that heart attack patients treated at hospitals with a large proportion of African-American patients had higher mortality rates. Targeted quality improvements could enhance care for all patients and reduce disparities.
A study characterized the clinical predictors of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among high-risk individuals of European and African ancestry. Researchers found that early age at diagnosis and family history were associated with an increased likelihood of carrying a deleterious mutation.
African American women face unique genetic challenges in breast cancer screening due to limited data on mutations. Research confirms that genetic testing models work just as well for African Americans as they do for other populations, but the spectrum of mutations is vastly different.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found a clear link between the number of lynchings and death sentences in US states, particularly for Black victims. The study suggests that the death penalty has become a legal replacement for lynching, with a stronger connection observed when only Black death sentences are considered.