Researchers have discovered that the IGF-1 receptor controls 50% of body size in a non-redundant way, suggesting its potential as a target for cancer treatment. Targeting the IGF-1 receptor may lead to cell death and growth regulation in cancer cells.
A novel screening method for pancreatic cancer has been developed by scientists at the University of Liverpool. The method analyzes genetic mutations in pancreatic juice to determine an individual's risk of developing cancer, with results ranging from a 0.1% chance to a 90% certainty.
Lipman Hearne biochemist will receive a $500,000 MacArthur grant for outstanding contributions to drug research. The award recognizes their exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits.
Researchers have developed new approaches to produce micro-devices with complex shapes and properties, opening up opportunities for biomedical, computing, environmental cleanup, defense, and other applications. The study uses biologically derived structures that can be chemically modified without changing their shape or fine features.
Researchers have developed a new model of visual perception that explains how the brain adjusts to viewing position, allowing images to appear undistorted even when viewed from different locations. This discovery has implications for designing better devices and creating more realistic computer graphics.
A UCSF team recommends amending current practices to ensure the safety of patients participating in clinical trials involving embryonic stem cells. The guidelines aim to protect donors' privacy by recontacting them over the years to update their medical records.
A study of nearly 60,000 French women found that beta-carotene intake was inversely associated with tobacco-related cancer risk in never-smokers, but increased the risk in former and current smokers. The researchers also calculated that the absolute rates of tobacco-related cancers over 10 years varied significantly between nonsmoking ...
A study by USF researchers found that green tea's epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) decreases production of the Alzheimer's-related protein beta-amyloid, leading to a 54% reduction in brain-clogging plaques. EGCG may be effective in preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease through dietary supplementation.
Dr. Anthony Marmarou's international team developed consensus guidelines for diagnosing and treating idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephaly (NPH). The new guidelines recommend a combination of diagnostic tests to predict patient responsiveness to shunt surgery, improving treatment outcomes.
A recent study found that 50-94% of colorectal tumors have DNA gene changes, which could indicate a molecular defect. The study also found normal colon mucosa up to 10cm away from the tumor had similar gene changes.
The study found that suppression of the FOXO1a gene is necessary for ARMS cells to survive and avoid programmed cell death. The researchers believe that targeting this gene could lead to effective treatment options for children with ARMS tumors.
Researchers at Yale University have developed two ways to induce MS symptoms in mice, revealing a key distinction between disease-causing and non-disease antibodies. The study brings the team closer to pinpointing accurate diagnostic tools for individual MS patients.
Computer scientist will receive a $500,000 MacArthur grant for their innovative work on searchable networks. The award recognizes exceptional originality in and dedication to creative pursuits.
Scientists have found tunneling nanotubules that enable immune cells to relay molecular messages, allowing them to coordinate responses to pathogens. The discovery could reveal new insights into the local inflammatory response and potential therapeutic strategies.
This year's 25 MacArthur Fellows have made significant contributions to reducing cervical and breast cancer through innovative research. The award comes with a $500,000 grant that recipients can use as they see fit.
Children living closer to freeways are more likely to develop asthma, according to a new study published in the journal Epidemiology. Higher levels of nitrogen dioxide around their homes also increased the risk of developing asthma.
A study by Professor IV Yannas suggests that adults have a dormant regenerative potential that can be reactivated with the right agents. This discovery may lead to new treatments for organ regeneration and increased longevity. The emerging field of Regenerative Medicine is based on this new treatment.
The Northeast Sun Grant Institute at Cornell is a regional hub for researching plant biomass in energy and chemical production. The institute aims to develop sustainable industries and communities by producing bio-economy goods such as biopower, biofuels, and bioproducts.
Researchers silenced a normally functioning gene using RNA interference, reducing amyloid plaque formation and cognitive decline in mice. Within a month of treatment, impaired mice recovered memory functions.
A biologist will receive a $500,000 MacArthur grant for groundbreaking work in innovative gene and molecule studies. The award recognizes exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits.
Mutations in the EphB2 gene are found in 15% of African-American men with a strong family history, compared to 5% without a history. This gene mutation is associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer in African-American men, particularly those with a family history.
A chemist has received a $500,000 MacArthur grant for their genius in developing computing models for molecular reactions. The award recognizes the individual's exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits.
New study reveals that O-GlcNAc modification of proteins regulates cell division and controls the steps and timing of cell division, contributing to cancer and other diseases. Researchers found that increasing or decreasing O-GlcNAc levels disrupts cell cycle, leading to cells with more than one nucleus, a common trait in cancer cells.
Biomedical research funding in the US has doubled over the last decade, primarily driven by increased private and industry support. The proportion of industry funding remains relatively constant at 56%, while federal government funding for clinical trials has decreased.
A University of Southern California-led study found that air pollution poses a greater danger to health than previously thought, with a two- to three-fold increase in chronic health effects compared to earlier estimates. The study revealed a significant link between fine particle levels and increased risk of death from heart disease, l...
A conservation biologist has been awarded a $500,000 MacArthur Fellowship to study and protect endangered plants and animals in Madagascar. The award recognizes the individual's exceptional originality and dedication to their creative pursuits in the field of conservation.
A study of 199 families with multiple cases of breast cancer found that women from these families do not have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Despite this, the genetic mechanism for up to half of hereditary breast cancer remains unknown, prompting ongoing research at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
A recent study by Yale University researchers has discovered a gene that controls the severity of asthma, finding that high production variants of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene are associated with severe disease. The study used mice models and human data to support an important role for MIF in asthma pathogenesis.
Case Western Reserve University astronomers have captured a deep, wide-field image of the Virgo Cluster, revealing a complex web of intracluster starlight. The faint starlight is made up of stars ripped out of galaxies as they collide, providing an 'archaeological record' of violent cluster galaxy lives.
A significant proportion of young adult patients examined had well-established periodontal disease despite no signs or symptoms. Women affected by this disease faced a higher risk of preterm birth and other pregnancy complications, corresponding to systemic inflammation indicators.
Researchers are studying a vaccine that may eliminate the risk of group B streptococcus infection in newborns, which is responsible for 1,720 annual infections and 70-90 deaths. The vaccine aims to reduce the risk by eliminating the bacteria from the vagina before birth.
Scientists discover that amino acids enter the cell through a separate pathway than insulin, triggering the activation of S6K1 enzyme. This finding provides a potential new target for regulating obesity and insulin resistance.
Cornell researchers identified a peptide that may play a role in interrupting the interface between CD4 and HIV-AIDS. The findings mark a major step toward designing drugs that could inhibit processes related to certain diseases.
The CATIE study found that while newer medications have no substantial advantage over older antipsychotics, individual differences in patient response to these drugs remain crucial. Patients on olanzapine tended to stay on the medication longer but experienced increased side effects such as weight gain and metabolic changes.
Researchers at Imperial College London estimated that nearly 1 in 8 young adults in London use crack cocaine, with men being more than three times as likely to use the drug as women. The study found that 46,000 Londoners aged 15-44 use crack cocaine, accounting for 1.3% of the population.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have developed a new type of virus, called a
CK-1827452 selectively activates cardiac myosin, increasing contractility without changes in cellular calcium transient. The drug demonstrates improvement in cardiac function and output in a dog model of heart failure, supporting its therapeutic hypothesis.
Researchers discovered four mutations that increase the efficiency of a bacterial enzyme rendering penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics useless. The mutations influenced the enzyme's active site, allowing it to survive on a drug dose 64 times higher than the original enzyme.
A recent study has identified a molecular pathway linked to breast cancer recurrence, suggesting that the transcriptional repressor Snail may play a role in progression. Genetic screening of human breast cancer samples revealed that high levels of Snail expression predict decreased relapse-free survival.
Researchers found that Neanderthals' tooth growth rate was comparable to that of modern humans, suggesting they may not have had a shorter childhood than us. The study used microscopic lines on teeth to estimate growth rates and found that Neanderthal enamel formation times fell within the range of three modern populations.
A new non-surgical approach combining stent-assisted coil embolization has shown success in treating wide-necked brain aneurysms, improving patient outcomes with minimal recovery time. The procedure has been found to have a high rate of complete closure without compromising the parent vessel.
A new study by UCI researchers shows that adult human neural stem cells can differentiate into new oligodendrocyte cells and neurons, restoring myelin and improving motor function in mice with spinal cord injuries. The treatment also leads to behavioral improvements, including the ability to step using hind paws.
A study found that patients with acne treated with long-term antibiotics were more likely to develop upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs). The researchers identified individuals diagnosed with acne between 1987 and 2002, comparing the incidence of URTIs in those who received antibiotic treatment versus those who did not.
A study published in Cancer Cell found that increased tissue rigidity promotes the malignant behavior of tumor cells by inducing Rho-generated cytoskeletal tension and focal adhesions. This discovery may lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating cancers.
A new study shows that hydroxyurea is an efficient and safe treatment option for young children with sickle cell anemia, improving spleen function and reducing acute chest syndrome incidents
Federal, provincial and territorial mines ministers agree that vulnerable mining communities are a priority. The conference discussed ways to maintain community viability through cooperation on exploration initiatives, processing technologies, and Aboriginal engagement.
Researchers have identified distinct patterns of responses in patient cells after vaccination against melanoma, which may help monitor treatment response. The study found that certain compounds were secreted by cells in patients whose tumors did not grow after vaccination.
A study by Rice University researchers found that salicylate causes membranes to thin, soften, and rupture more easily, increasing the risk of hearing loss. The findings provide a mechanistic basis for the debilitating side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that people with Alzheimer's disease have difficulty suppressing irrelevant brain activity, which can lead to cognitive impairments. This defective focusing process is characterized by reduced cross-modal inhibition, where auditory and visual processing areas are not properly deactivated.
A landmark breast cancer screening trial conducted by UVa Health System found no significant difference between digital and standard x-ray mammography in detecting breast cancer. The trial, DMIST, enrolled nearly 50,000 women and used both digital and film mammograms.
A study found that less than 8% of nurses and healthcare assistants had annual flu injections, citing lack of knowledge as a major reason. The research also showed that over 51% of respondents took sick leave due to flu-like illnesses during the survey period.
A survey of 40 hospitals found that high-fat foods contribute to the risk of heart disease among staff and visitors. In contrast, healthier options featuring vegetables, beans, and whole grains are shown to support overall health and well-being.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified a molecular defect in specialized proteins called ryanodine receptors (RyRs) as a possible cause of heart failure. The RyRs malfunction, leading to calcium imbalances that prevent the heart from contracting effectively and relaxing adequately.
A survey of 44 medications found that 43 were cheaper in Canada than in the US, with potential savings of up to 24% per dose. Second-generation antidepressants showed similar efficacy and safety compared to other options, making choosing an antidepressant difficult for patients.
The study reveals the malaria parasite's release mechanism from infected red blood cells, contradicting previous theories. The findings provide new insights into the disease and its potential targets for treatment.
Researchers have developed diamond-like carbon coatings for medical implants, reducing friction and corrosion while providing biocompatibility. The new method of coating plastics, metals, and collagen enables the production of harder-wearing implants and enhances patient outcomes.
Australia's Director of Obesity Research highlights lack of access to life-saving bariatric surgery for those who need it most. Over 2.6 million Australians struggle with obesity, a growing public health crisis requiring urgent attention and action from hospitals and governments.
Kids aged 7-19 are at higher risk of visually induced seizures while watching TV or playing videogames. The Epilepsy Foundation recommends adjusting technical parameters to reduce the risk, and provides guidance for parents on how to minimize exposure.
The current treatment approaches for port-wine stains, facial hemangiomas, and vascular malformations are presented. Pulse-dye laser therapy is found to be an effective treatment for port-wine stains, while observation may suffice for stable lesions.
A positive relationship between male status and offspring count was found in a modern society subsample, indicating evolutionary forces may still be at work. This finding has implications for economics and management, explaining the striving for high and prestigious positions in men.