A team of scientists measured gas motions within 10 light-years of a supermassive black hole, confirming main theories at unprecedented scales. The observations revealed dynamic shifts in the gas and showed spiral arms pulling gas from distant regions.
Researchers identified a preclinical phase of Parkinson's disease characterized by mild motor symptoms, which can be detected through assessment of subjective complaints. Over 6,000 elderly people were studied for an average of 5.8 years, revealing that those who reported stiffness, tremors or imbalance were more likely to develop PD.
A genetic mutation, CCR5delta32, makes individuals more susceptible to West Nile virus infections. Research suggests that this lack of a protein can prevent protective immune cells from reaching the brain, increasing the risk of severe disease.
A novel software program automatically analyzes spa sequences linked to epidemiological information, triggering alarms for suspected outbreaks. This combination of medical informatics and molecular laboratory techniques can help prevent MRSA outbreaks from expanding into large-scale events.
Researchers found that sleep-restricted rats showed reduced neurogenesis in the hippocampus after learning a spatial task. However, those who used visual and odor cues to navigate had better performance on the task, suggesting an adaptive strategy to compensate for lack of sleep.
A study of 257 breast cancer patients aged 55+ found that Hispanic women were more likely to identify a family member as the final decision-maker for treatment. This led to lower rates of breast-conserving surgery compared to mastectomy in these patients. The study highlights the importance of acknowledging patients' family members in ...
A study published in Archives of Ophthalmology found that patients with end-stage glaucoma consume approximately $2,511 per year in healthcare resources, compared to $623 for those with early-stage disease. Effective treatments at earlier stages can slow or halt disease progression, saving both patients and society from greater economi...
A study analyzing data from the INTERMAP study found a significant association between higher vegetable protein intake and lower blood pressure levels. The researchers suggest that amino acids in vegetable proteins may play a role in this effect, and other dietary components like magnesium may also contribute.
A three-week diet and exercise study shows that Type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome can be reversed through lifestyle changes, with half of participants experiencing a clinical diagnosis reversal. The regimen improved factors contributing to heart disease, such as insulin resistance and high cholesterol.
Researchers have charted a warp in the Milky Way's hydrogen gas layer, finding it vibrates like a drum due to interaction with dark matter. The Magellanic Clouds' passage through the dark matter halo creates a wake that enhances their gravitational influence on the disk.
A study published in Neurology found that over 70% of people with Chiari Malformations experience sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness. Surgery to relieve compression on the brain stem improved symptoms, reducing central sleep apnea occurrences by 90% and micro-arousals by 30%.
Ferriprox has been shown to provide significantly better cardio-protection compared to deferoxamine, reducing heart iron concentrations and improving cardiac function in thalassemia patients. The study findings suggest that Ferriprox's small structure provides a greater potential to chelate intracellular iron in the heart.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a crucial signaling pathway involving the protein Abi, which regulates actin filament formation in T cells. This process is essential for the T cell to attach to and target infected cells.
Blindfolded subjects improved in recognizing trained movement patterns without visual stimulation. Skilled performers showed greater accuracy due to more precise motor programs supporting visual recognition. The study demonstrates a direct link between learned motor skills and visual action perception.
A new study published in the Journal of Athletic Training found that traditional neck muscle resistance training does not reduce a player's head acceleration during impact, contrary to popular thinking in athletics. The eight-week program did improve neck muscle strength but failed to enhance head stabilization.
A study by Queen's University psychologist Mark Sabbagh found that Chinese preschoolers show better self-control than their North American counterparts. Executive functioning skills, which enable focus on goals despite distractions, develop more rapidly in Chinese children.
A study of 6,500 participants found that psychologists made bigger profits by bucking the trend and not following other investors. They attributed share prices to psychological effects rather than herd behavior.
A new federal grant will support joint faculty appointments, biomedical projects, and research collaborations between Florida Tech, FSRI, and other universities and companies. The funding aims to develop countermeasures for radiation exposure and other health issues associated with long-duration space missions.
A large-scale observational study found that athletes wearing the Riddell Revolution helmet were 31% less likely to sustain a concussion compared to those wearing traditional helmets. However, proper injury management and recovery time remained unchanged between the two groups.
A study by Washington University researchers found a single base variation in the TAS2R16 receptor gene that increases the risk of alcohol dependence, with higher incidence in African Americans and lower sensitivity to bitter tastes among those with this variant.
A recent study published in The Lancet found a significant deficit of 0.59-0.74 million female births in India between 1997 and 2011. Researchers estimated that around 10 million girls were 'missing' due to prenatal sex determination and selective abortion, with educated mothers being at higher risk.
The workshop aims to identify national and regional needs, issues, and gaps in technology, policy, and regulations related to the interdependency of energy and water. Participants will discuss region-specific concerns, fresh water impacts on energy production, and science and cost issues.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati have uncovered a significant ancient Greek temple in coastal Albania, dating back to the late 6th century B.C. The temple's discovery is expected to contribute substantially to the understanding of religious life in the Adriatic region during the Archaic and Classical periods.
Case Western Reserve University professor Eric Pearlman has received a prestigious vision research grant to study the immunology of the eye. The grant will help researchers understand the immunological basis of diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have discovered that astrocytes control blood flow in the brain, challenging the long-held assumption that neurons are the primary drivers. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of Alzheimer's disease, which may be more complex than previously thought.
The Case Department of Ophthalmology at Case Western Reserve University has been awarded a $110,000 grant by the Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) organization. The grant will support research into blinding eye diseases.
A new study has linked a specific gene mutation to poorer outcomes and increased recurrence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The discovery provides a molecular marker to assess risk for patients with PTC, which is the most common type of thyroid cancer.
A recent study published in Integrative Cancer Therapies found that dogs can detect breast and lung cancer with sensitivity and specificity rates of 88-97%. The trained dogs were able to identify cancers even in early stages, providing a potential reduction in uncertainty in cancer diagnosis.
UI researchers discovered a giant star orbiting a 'medium-sized' black hole every 62 days, indicating the star's enormous size and brightness in X-rays. This finding may help confirm a class of black holes with masses between 100 and 10,000 solar masses.
The study illustrates 12 disease pairs and their therapeutic implications, including the use of severe caloric or protein restriction to treat diseases such as kidney failure and morbid obesity. Researchers propose considering genetic, infectious, and metabolic influences when looking for treatments, particularly in regard to HIV/AIDS.
Researchers at Ohio State University have calculated the structure of CH5+, a molecule known as 'the scrambler,' which has hyperactive atoms and a unique spectrum. The team's work provides new insights into the molecule's properties and may help astronomers identify its presence in interstellar clouds.
Researchers have identified a gene called p11 as being involved in the complex changes underlying depression. Decreased levels of p11 protein are found in both human patients with depression and mouse models of the disease. The study suggests that increasing p11 levels could be a new target for developing anti-depressant compounds.
Researchers found that combining trastuzumab, an antibody targeting HER2 protein, with immune-stimulating agents like IL-12 can activate the immune system to attack tumor cells more effectively. This combination may improve treatment outcomes for breast cancer patients.
Liver cirrhosis mortality rates have increased significantly in Scotland, England and Wales, doubling the European average. The authors attribute this to rising alcohol consumption, particularly wine and spirits, as well as other factors like obesity and hepatitis C.
Long-term antibiotic medication does not prevent recurrent myocardial infarcts in patients without periodontitis. Patients with periodontitis are more likely to experience cardiovascular events, especially under the age of 65.
Research suggests Cyclosporine may be a beneficial primary immunosuppression for HCV patients, achieving better antiviral effects than Tacrolimus when combined with interferon. However, the use of Cyclosporine also increases the risk of infections and hepatitis complications.
The Lancet Editor Richard Horton emphasizes the importance of medical journals and general news media in drawing attention to neglected issues of child and maternal health. The current huge imbalances in research publications between high and low-income countries highlight the need for increased funding and action.
Researchers propose a simple test that identifies more accurately individuals who might have colorectal cancer when used alongside traditional guaiac tests. This new approach could decrease the number of false positives in screening programs and reduce the need for colonoscopy, potentially leading to improved accuracy and reduced costs.
Researchers found that the loss of caspase-8 protein promotes neuroblastoma metastasis by allowing cancer cells to break away from the primary tumor and spread to other sites in the body. Novel treatments that restore the tumor-suppression role of caspase-8 may prevent metastases and improve patient outcomes.
The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and other drug-resistant bacteria has been increasing in intensive care units nationwide. Researchers found a decrease in MRSA strains resistant to multiple drugs, which they attribute to community MRSA strains replacing hospital-associated strains.
Scientists have found evidence of an abrupt ocean circulation reversal in the deep ocean, which they believe was triggered by global warming. This phenomenon, known as overturning, is critical for regulating global climate conditions and could have lasting effects on deep ocean circulation.
A VCU study found that the heritability of major depression is approximately 42% in women and 29% in men, indicating a potential sex-specific genetic component. The research team analyzed data from over 42,000 twins to understand the role of genetics in depression.
Top-ranked pharmaceutical companies, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck and Bristol Myers Squibb, demonstrate a genuine commitment to ethics through their actions. The ranking highlights the importance of human development criteria, including labour standards, waste management, and product social utility.
A study of primary-care patients found that genetic variations can affect the metabolism of common medications, potentially leading to adverse reactions. The researchers suggest that applying pharmacogenetics in primary-care practices could reduce costs by minimizing unnecessary prescriptions and hospital treatments.
A major gene therapy advance for treating Parkinson's disease has been funded by the Fox Foundation grant, with RheoGene Inc. developing a technology to manage gene expression. The therapy uses a patented small-molecule mediator to turn genes on or off, offering a potential solution to replacing lost dopamine in the brain.
A new clinical trials method is proposed to improve patient care by incorporating Bayesian approaches in trial design. The frequentist statistical method used today is considered too rigid and limits innovation, whereas the Bayesian approach allows for continuous updating based on interim results.
After a high-severity fire, natural conifer regeneration can occur, with seedlings per acre reaching up to 300, but logging reduces this by 71%. Logging can also produce fine fuels that increase fire risk. The study suggests leaving dead trees standing may reduce re-burn risks.
Researchers found that the protein p11 helps regulate serotonin signaling, which is a key target of antidepressants. Increasing p11 levels can lead to improved mood and reduced depression-like symptoms in mice.
A recent study reveals that ants house specific species of bacteria in highly adapted cavities and provide them with nourishment, indicating a long-standing co-evolutionary relationship between the two organisms. This phenomenon has potential implications for addressing antibiotic resistance and may shed light on other natural systems.
The study found that cleft lip and/or palate had the highest prevalence, followed by Down Syndrome, among the 18 major birth defects studied. National estimates for specific defects were calculated for the first time, providing valuable insights into birth defect prevalence nationwide.
A laboratory method has revealed new data on a mysterious 'floppy' molecule, helping explain its properties and overcoming a decades-old challenge in chemistry. The study combined experiments with theoretical predictions and enabled the analysis of cold, concentrated samples of the molecule.
A recent study published in the Journal of Urban Health highlights risky sexual behaviors among gay men in Miami, with over a third using club drugs and engaging in unprotected sex. Meanwhile, another study found no significant difference in pediatric care quality based on the race/ethnicity of the child's doctor, but rather emphasizes...
Researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine advocate for a paradigm shift in clinical trial design to account for individual variations. The studies found that genetic factors contribute significantly to drug response variability, enabling the development of personalized treatment plans.
Research suggests that maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy influences bone growth and risk of osteoporosis in offspring. Studies have found that women who took vitamin D supplements or were exposed to higher levels of sunlight during pregnancy had fewer deficiencies and lower risk of osteoporosis in their children.
Researchers found that 56% of older HCV patients experienced dose reductions or discontinuations due to adverse effects, negatively impacting sustained virological response rates. The study emphasizes the need for modified treatment schedules and patient education to improve outcomes for this vulnerable population.
A landmark study published in JAMA found that children fare better than adults in surviving pulseless cardiac arrests with over 27% of children and 18% of adults surviving hospital discharge. The research, based on data from the National Registry of CPR, also highlights a need for refining emergency cardiovascular care procedures.
The study critiques government policies promoting abstinence-only programs, arguing they provide misinformation and neglect real health needs. It advocates for comprehensive reproductive health promotion programs that include information on contraceptives and STI testing.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have identified a molecular mechanism involved in making the rabies virus pathogenic and lethal. They have developed a very safe vaccine for the immunization of wildlife, showing efficacy in raccoon, skunk, and mongoose species, offering new hope for prevention of deadly disease.
A study in Science journal reveals that marine reserves can support the growth of parrotfish populations, maintaining reef ecosystems. The Nassau Grouper's impact on the reef is minimal due to the size limit for predation, enabling healthy coral reef recovery.
Researchers found that cholestasis is associated with a broad activation of immune cells producing TNF-alpha, leading to behavioral changes and alterations in neurotransmitter systems. The study provides a novel mechanism linking liver disease to CNS sickness behavior, potentially informing the development of therapeutic agents.