Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study reveals that 77% of trauma patients have deficient or insufficient levels of vitamin D. Researchers found a strong link between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of muscle weakness, bone fractures, and poor bone healing.
Researchers measured beta-amyloid levels in healthy adults between 30 and 90 years old, finding that high levels correlated with cognitive deficits. The study suggests subtle effects on cognition occur early, highlighting the need for interventions to slow or halt disease progression.
A new study suggests that a parent's education level can affect the mental health of their offspring. Higher levels of parental education are linked to fewer mental health issues in adult children.
A recent study published in Psychological Science reveals that children raised in families with nurturing mothers are more likely to remain healthy across the life course, even those from low socioeconomic status backgrounds. The research found that parental nurturance can mitigate the negative effects of childhood disadvantage and is ...
A new study at Brigham and Women's Hospital is testing two new types of light technologies to treat Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). The trial aims to determine which technology works better in reducing SAD symptoms over a six-week period.
A new study found that adults who participated in high-quality early childhood education programs in the 1970s had significantly more years of education and were four times more likely to have earned college degrees. They also had better employment rates and were less likely to use public assistance.
A new study published in Acta Paediatrica found that children prefer colorful food plates with multiple items and figurative designs, while adults tend to prefer simpler arrangements. The study suggests that adding color to meals can make nutritionally diverse foods more appealing to picky eaters.
Researchers found a strong connection between compulsive tendencies and hypersensitivity in childhood, with ritualistic behaviors developing as a defence mechanism. A longitudinal study aims to better understand the connection between childhood sensitivities and adult OCD.
Researchers found that 4- to 5-year-old children do not use words to categorize objects in the world around them. Instead, they rely on more salient features like movement and shape. This challenges conventional thinking on how language affects cognition.
Researchers found that young children do not use category labels in the same way adults do, relying instead on the most distinctive feature of an object. This challenges long-held theories about how children mentally organize their world and has implications for teaching and communication with young children.
A study by McMaster researchers found that young adults' physical activity declines sharply after transitioning to university or college, with men experiencing the largest decrease. This decline can be attributed to a combination of factors, including changes in lifestyle and reduced engagement in leisure activities.
A study found that middle-aged adults with low education levels are twice as likely to die as those with higher education, despite progress in reducing health disparities. New causes of death are fueled by high rates of mortality among people with lower education.
Research shows that intensive maternal care during infancy promotes the effect of neuropeptide Y in the brain, leading to reduced anxiety and increased body weight in adulthood. The study found that maternal care stimulated the persistent formation of certain NPY receptors in the forebrain.
Researchers have created two new methods to treat overeating in children and adults, focusing on internal hunger and satiety cues. The 'appetite awareness' group trained participants to regulate eating by monitoring their hunger and satiety cues, while the 'cue exposure' group taught them to tolerate cravings to reduce overeating.
A study found that babies born with very low birth weight had lower cognitive test scores, particularly in executive functioning such as attention and visual memory, compared to those born at a normal weight. The study also showed no difference in academic performance but highlighted the importance of full development in the womb.
Researchers found that for younger white children, language plays a dominant role in defining a person's identity, often surpassing race. In contrast, older white and African American children prioritize racial identity. This study sheds light on the development of social categorization in young children.
Researchers found that more than one-quarter of Canadian adults will be diagnosed with hypertension by 2012/13. Higher rates were observed in women older than 65 and in the Atlantic provinces.
A new review of research into childhood obesity and metabolic disease in adulthood suggests that treating obesity during childhood can remove the risk of lasting harm. However, the study also found that being overweight or obese as a child may actually increase the risk of health problems later in life.
A study published in The Lancet found that around 1 in 12 adolescents self-harm, with girls being more likely to do so. Most participants who self-harmed as teens stopped doing so by their early twenties.
A new study reveals that US teens are at a higher risk of dying from heart disease due to high blood sugar levels, obesity, and poor diets. The research found that only zero children or adolescents met the criteria for ideal cardiovascular health.
Researchers found that adolescent male hamsters showed signs of depressive-like behaviors, lower body mass, and changes in brain cells after early-life sexual experience. This suggests that sex during adolescence may be interpreted by the body as a stressor, leading to lasting negative effects on adult body and mood.
A study found that individuals who were legally permitted to drink before the age of 21 remain at elevated risk for suicide and homicide as adults, particularly women born after 1960. The study suggests that higher minimum legal drinking ages may be preventing approximately 600 suicides and 600 homicides annually.
A new study found that childhood aggression is strongly linked to poorer health in adulthood, with increases in medical visits, injuries, and lifestyle-related illnesses. People with lower education levels were more likely to use health services.
A new study from the University of Missouri found that rural adolescents who engage in prosocial behaviors like volunteering and helping others are less likely to use substances as young adults. This research has important implications for substance use prevention and intervention programs aimed at teens.
A recent study found that a childhood dietary intervention resulted in significantly lower fasting plasma glucose levels and systolic blood pressure in young adulthood. The study suggests that reducing fat and increasing fiber intake during childhood may have long-term benefits for chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
A study published in Annals of Behavioral Medicine found that experiencing social stressors during adolescence and young adulthood can lead to increased disease risk factors in middle age. The researchers analyzed data from 822 participants and discovered a significant link between early adversity and allostatic load, a measure of phys...
A study by Uppsala University found that Bisphenol A exposure in newborn mice causes permanent changes in brain function, leading to hyperactivity and poor adaptation to new environments. The effect persists into adulthood, affecting the cholinergic signal system.
A new report reviews over 70 mentoring program evaluations and confirms that mentoring programs confer many benefits across behavioral, social, emotional, and academic domains. However, improvements in youth outcomes tend to be modest and it's unclear how well such gains hold up over time.
Research by Guillermo Campitelli and Fernand Gobet found that deliberate practice is necessary to achieve mastery in skills like chess. However, the duration of practice alone does not guarantee success. Other factors such as intelligence, handedness, and working memory also contribute to an individual's ability to excel in these areas.
Researchers found that alternating between learning and unlearning an unusual walking pattern on a split-belt treadmill improved relearning speed. The standard approach of repetitive practice may not be the most effective way to help patients recover from stroke or other injuries.
Researchers from Virginia Tech have conducted the first study to investigate head impact characteristics in youth football. The study has collected data on over 400 head impacts experienced by a local youth team, revealing that most impacts are less severe and less frequent than in adult football.
Pediatric injuries from ATVs are a growing concern, with children under 16 being particularly at risk. The American Academy of Pediatrics reports that ATV-related emergency department visits have increased, with more children injured than bicycles.
A Stanford study found that family members of gastric-bypass patients lost an average of 8 pounds, adopted healthier habits, and increased physical activity. The 'halo effect' was observed, where accompanying the patient to pre- and post-operative visits led to significant weight loss and behavioral changes.
An expert at the University of Missouri has identified employment resources for adults with autism, including state vocational rehabilitation programs and job seekers' recommendations. These resources aim to improve workplace accommodations and hiring processes, enabling individuals with autism to succeed in the workforce.
A new health needs assessment framework is proposed to better manage child contacts of adult TB cases. The approach aims to reduce child mortality and the reservoir of M. tuberculosis in the community, contributing to TB elimination.
Researchers analyzed medical records of 717 children and 1,368 young adults diagnosed with melanoma. Children were found to have a higher risk of metastases in lymph nodes compared to adults. Survival rates did not differ significantly by age among those with metastatic melanoma.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Neurology found a strong connection between premature birth and an increased risk of developing epilepsy later in life. Adults born prematurely were five times more likely to be hospitalized for epilepsy compared to those born full-term.
In a study analyzing Utah homicide data from 2002-2007, child abuse homicide offenders were convicted at an 88.2% rate, comparable to the 83% conviction rate for adult offenders. The authors found no significant differences in felony conviction or sentencing severity between child and adult abuse cases.
A study of over 600,000 Swedish individuals born between 1973-1979 found that preterm birth was associated with increased mortality in early childhood and young adulthood. The strongest inverse association was observed in young adults, particularly for congenital anomalies and respiratory disorders.
A new study finds that children raised in poverty who have nurturing mothers are less likely to develop metabolic syndrome and experience health problems in adulthood. The study suggests that maternal nurturance plays a crucial role in reducing and managing childhood stress, ultimately promoting healthier outcomes for these children.
Researchers found that quitting smoking is associated with a decrease in impulsivity and neuroticism in young adults. Those who quit smoking also showed the biggest declines in these traits from ages 18 to 25. The study suggests targeting anti-smoking efforts at impulsivity may help young people stop smoking.
A 14-year study found a significant increase in ischemic stroke hospitalizations among adolescents and young adults, with nearly one-third of patients aged 15-34 years also diagnosed with hypertension. The study highlights the need for public health initiatives to reduce risk factors for stroke among this age group.
Researchers found that domestic disputes increase when young adults continue to live at home with their parents. This 'full nest syndrome' affects emerging adults (18-25) and leads to conflicts related to personal values and social expectations.
A 40-year follow-up study revisits preschool children who were tested with marshmallows and cookies, revealing that their ability to delay gratification remained consistent into adulthood. Brain imaging showed key differences between high and low delayers in the prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum.
A new study found that cumulative benefits of physical activity across adulthood are associated with improved midlife physical performance and strength. Leisure time physical activity is crucial for maintaining physical performance and muscle strength in older adults, promoting functional health and quality of life.
Research finds children of mothers with extreme morning sickness may suffer from anxiety, bipolar disorder, and depression as adults. A UCLA-USC study suggests prolonged malnutrition and stress during fetal brain development could contribute to these lifelong neurobehavioral disorders.
A study by Duke University scientists found that low oxygen levels in caterpillars trigger a molt to the next stage of development, as their respiratory system is fixed in size. This discovery reveals a new factor regulating body size during specific developmental stages.
The study found that boys are maturing physically earlier, while their social and economic roles are becoming more adult. This trend is linked to improved nutrition and disease environments.
A new study reveals that adults who stutter have a brain reorganization that shifts the processing of hearing and motor functions to the right hemisphere. This finding sheds light on the mechanisms underlying persistent developmental stuttering.
Two studies found that three protein measurements can identify high-risk patients for kidney injury after heart surgery. These biomarkers may transform the diagnosis of kidney disease, enabling early interventions and improving patient outcomes.
A survey of undocumented young adults raised and educated in America found that they end up working in the same labor jobs as their parents, despite having a college education. The study highlights the challenges faced by these individuals due to their lack of legal status, which limits their career options and daily lives.
A study by Roberto G. Gonzales finds that college-educated undocumented young adults in the US face the same labor jobs as their parents, including construction and service work. This highlights the need for a more diverse approach to immigration policy and better support systems for these individuals.
A growing trend among college-aged couples, stayover relationships involve spending three or more nights together while maintaining personal control. Research found that these relationships are content but not necessarily planning to get married or move in together.
Research by Jean Cæté found that positive youth sports experiences are associated with coaches creating inclusive team environments, assessing individual progress rather than comparison, and providing challenging practices. This fosters initiative, motivation, and citizenship qualities in young players.
Researchers have discovered that two species of wild neotropical blueberries contain twice the amount of antioxidants as US-sold blueberries. The findings suggest these extreme superfruits could benefit human health and underscore the importance of preserving Earth's biodiversity.
A recent study published by the American Psychological Association found no significant difference between men's and women's self-esteem during adolescence and young adulthood. Masterly control over life was a strong predictor of self-esteem in both sexes.
A Rutgers survey finds that one-third of NJ immigrant children and over 70% of foreign-born adults lack health coverage, facing significant access-to-care barriers. Immigrants often have lower family incomes than US-born families and report fewer chronic conditions despite higher stress levels.
Childhood obesity is a growing threat to child and adult health, according to former US Surgeon General David Satcher. Dr. Satcher proposes five target areas for investment to improve the health of children and adults, and identifies key factors contributing to childhood obesity.
A 10-year longitudinal study found that adolescents who dieted in early adolescence were at increased risk of continuing these behaviors in young adulthood. The study's findings emphasize the importance of addressing disordered eating behaviors from an early age to prevent obesity and related health issues.
A recent study found that cancer survivors have lower employment rates (8-9%) and work fewer hours (3-6 hours/week) compared to their peers without a history of cancer. The researchers suggest that the findings may be attributed to factors such as changing priorities, employment discrimination, or inadequate workplace accommodations.