Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A University of California, Riverside biologist found that adult Trinidadian guppies can mitigate the negative effects of a poor early start through flexible growth and reproductive strategies. This study suggests that adults can compensate for their early conditions through adaptive changes.
A new study finds that three-year-olds have a specific, highly robust bias to trust testimony, prioritizing verbal information over visual cues. This trust in verbal testimony can lead to continued acceptance of misinformation even after repeated corrections.
A recent study found that only 58% of young people with mental health problems successfully transitioned to adult care services, highlighting a significant gap in provision. The research team identified key factors contributing to the poor transition experience, including inadequate information transfer and inconsistent documentation.
A study published in Journal of Women's Health reveals a rapid increase in diabetes hospitalizations for young adults, particularly young women, which echoes the dramatic rise in obesity rates across the US. The number of hospitalizations among younger adults more than doubled from 1993 to 2006.
A new report by the Commonwealth Fund predicts that up to 12.1 million young adults will gain subsidized insurance under the Affordable Care Act, while 7.2 million will gain Medicaid coverage and 4.9 million private coverage through new exchanges. The law aims to reduce the uninsured rate among young adults from nearly 15 million in 2009.
A unique gastroenterology procedure, Double-Balloon Enteroscopy (DBE), has been successfully used to treat small intestinal diseases in children. DBE allowed doctors to diagnose and manage diseases such as Crohn's disease and Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome with improved symptoms.
The University of Illinois Chicago has received a $12.4 million grant to study the predictors of smoking patterns from adolescence through young adulthood. Researchers will track approximately 1,200 youth to explore social and emotional contexts that influence smoking behavior.
Research published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences suggests that children under 12 do not combine different sensory information like adults, and this ability develops around age 12. Adults can integrate multiple sources of visual information, such as perspective and binocular depth, to make a unified estimate.
Kendall Hunter will use non-invasive ultrasound measurements and invasive heart catheterization to diagnose and predict progression of PAH. The grant aims to improve diagnosis and treatment of this fatal disease in children and adults.
A study found a linear association between short sleep durations and psychological distress in young adults, with increased risks for those sleeping less than six hours per night. The risk of persistent distress was also higher, especially among those with extremely short sleep durations.
A study by Karen Fingerman found that 68% of parents have at least one grown child with a problem, while only 49% say one is highly successful. Parents who had multiple high-achieving children reported better well-being, but having even one problematic child negatively impacted their mental health.
A new study by the Center on Alcohol Marketing and Youth found that youth exposure to alcohol advertising in magazines declined by 48 percent between 2001 and 2008. The largest brands still advertising in youth-oriented publications were those selling spirits.
A study published in Social Psychological and Personality Science reveals that childhood personality traits are a strong predictor of adult behavior. Researchers found consistent patterns across four decades, with verbally fluent children displaying interest in intellectual matters and adaptable children behaving cheerfully.
A 20-year study found that young adults with even modestly elevated cholesterol levels are more likely to develop coronary artery calcium and atherosclerosis. Cholesterol levels found in the majority of young adults in their 20s and 30s are associated with damage to coronary arteries, which can accumulate over time.
Research published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health found that maternal affection at 8 months predicts emotional distress in adulthood. The study tracked 482 participants from childhood to adult life, revealing a strong correlation between mother's warmth and child's emotional well-being.
A study by USC researchers found significant national differences in the degree of conflict between older parents and their adult children. In contrast to European countries, US parents were more likely to experience disharmonious relationships with their adult children.
A study found significant variations in spoon capacity, leading to children receiving more or less than needed. Experts recommend using calibrated medicine syringes to ensure accurate dosing.
Research tracked over 5,000 military conscripts from age 20 to 80 and found that obese men had twice the death risk as non-obese men, with a constant effect lasting up to 60 years. Obesity at age 20 was also linked to increased mortality by 10% for each BMI point above a healthy threshold.
A new study links child abuse to increased rates of mental disorders in young adulthood, including anxiety, mood, and substance abuse conditions. The study used national records and a community survey to analyze the long-term effects of childhood maltreatment on adult mental health.
Researchers exposed fetal monkeys to x-rays and found a profound deficit in working memory ability when tested as adults. This mild insult early in gestation produced significant cognitive dysfunction that emerged with maturation, supporting the critical window of vulnerability during brain development.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified the key enzyme Brg1, which plays a vital role in both fetal heart development and causing cardiac hypertrophy in adults. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments for heart disease.
The US ranked last in five areas of health system performance: quality, efficiency, access, equity, and healthy lives. Affordable Care Act provisions may improve access and equity, but the country still lags behind others on measures of quality and value.
A study of 17,337 adult members found a graded relationship between the number of adverse childhood experiences and the likelihood of experiencing frequent headaches. The researchers suggest that ACEs may contribute to the development and frequency of severe headaches later in life.
The study found that participation in the National School Lunch Program significantly increases educational opportunity and attainment, while having an insignificant effect on adult health levels. The program encouraged children to attend school more than they would have without it, based on data from the U.S. Census.
Research found that frequent moves in childhood are related to lower life satisfaction and fewer quality social relationships as adults. Introverts and neurotic people were more negatively affected by frequent relocations.
A new study found that impulsivity and alcohol consumption decrease significantly in 18-to-25-year-olds. The study analyzed data from 489 college students and identified five trajectory groups with distinct patterns of change. Individuals who decreased in impulsivity also showed the steepest decreases in alcohol use and related problems.
A study in mice suggests that prenatal exposure to BPA or DES may program a fetus for life, increasing the risk of breast cancer in adulthood. Higher EZH2 levels are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer in humans, highlighting the potential need for monitoring women exposed to these chemicals.
A study found that children with severe asthma have a significantly higher risk of developing COPD as adults. Children with mild asthma were not at increased risk. The study suggests early treatment and surveillance for children with severe asthma may prevent long-term complications.
Researchers have developed a new tool to identify the remains of children using craniofacial shape analysis. This breakthrough can help resolve missing-persons cases and advance our understanding of past civilizations' population dynamics. The study found that children's facial shapes attain adult-like characteristics as early as age 14.
Adults with sickle cell anemia exhibit lower average nonverbal function scores, as well as difficulties in processing speed, working memory, and executive function. Anemia is associated with neurocognitive impairment in older patients, highlighting the need for early identification and intervention.
A new study reveals that copycat behavior in children is a universal human activity, where they mimic everything an adult shows them, even if it's irrelevant. This finding sheds light on how humans develop and transmit culture.
A study found significant geographic variation in childhood obesity rates across the US, with Southern states having higher rates than Western states. Obesity rates varied by state, with Mississippi and Arizona having the highest rates and Oregon and Utah having the lowest.
The study reveals a significant increase in inequality in adult mortality, with men in Swaziland facing a nine-fold higher probability of premature death than Cyprus. The United States has fallen behind other countries in reducing deaths, ranking 49th for women and 45th for men by 2010.
The study reveals that Australia and South Korea have some of the highest annual rates of decline in adult mortality. Iceland and Cyprus rank as the lowest risk countries for men and women, respectively. However, the HIV epidemic and social dysfunction in former Soviet states have contributed to high mortality rates in many countries.
A new study by Oregon State University researchers reveals that young Americans are delaying adulthood due to economic challenges. Many are living at home longer and rely on their parents for financial support, a trend different from previous generations. The study highlights the need to strengthen institutions supporting young adults ...
A genetic study has pinpointed the role of LIN28B in regulating height growth from birth to adulthood in a complex and sex-specific manner. The research found that two variants of the gene influence growth, with one having a more prominent effect on males.
Researchers propose new methods to accurately estimate child and adult mortality rates, improving data collection and analysis. These methods, such as using summary birth history and sibling survival data, aim to address limitations of traditional demographic methods and provide a more reliable understanding of population health trends.
A large population-based study of diabetes in China estimates that 92.4 million adults age 20 or older have diabetes, while 148.2 million adults have prediabetes, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The researchers recommend national strategies for preventing, detecting and treating diabetes.
A study published by University of Chicago researchers found that men can expect another 15 years of sexual activity at age 55, while women expect less than 11 years. The study also introduced a new health measure, 'sexually active life expectancy,' which was lower for both men and women.
A recent study found that children with severe behavior disturbances had approximately double the risk of chronic widespread pain by age 45 compared to those without behavioral problems. The researchers believe a dysfunction in the interaction between the nervous system and hormones may have long-term consequences for adult health.
A study of 141 parents whose children died of cancer found that 13% considered hastening their child's death, especially in cases of pain. The study suggests that education and discussion about intensive symptom management may mitigate consideration of hastened death among parents.
Researchers manipulate a schizophrenia susceptibility gene in fetal mice to unravel the link between prenatal brain development and adult cognition. The study finds that transient reduction of the Disrupted-in-Schozophrenia-1 gene leads to aberrant changes in adult animals, including perturbation of specific dopaminergic brain pathways.
A recent study found that early life stress can predict an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Researchers used a proven model of chronic behavioral stress on rat pups and found that animals with early life stress had increased blood pressure and inflammation in their blood vessel walls upon reaching adulthood.
A new report found that over 30% of seniors in 36 states are not immunized against pneumonia, highlighting a need for increased awareness and access to vaccines. The report also highlights low vaccination rates for the seasonal flu, tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough vaccines.
Adolescent exposure to cocaine or ecstasy leads to long-lasting changes that increase addictive power, persists into adulthood. The study highlights the critical stage of development in which drug consumption affects brain plasticity.
A Canadian study links parenting style to children's relationships with hobbies, finding autonomy fosters passion while control predicts obsessive behavior. The research team evaluated over 500 participants between six and 38 years old.
A recent study found that family influence remains key to one's ethnic identity after age 18, with families teaching cultural customs and traditions leading to a greater sense of attachment to their ethnic group. This study suggests that parents play an important role in shaping young adults' exploration of their ethnicity.
A long-term study of over 1,000 New Zealanders found that children who later developed schizophrenia showed early cognitive deficits in verbal and visual learning, reasoning, and processing speed. These deficits persisted as they grew, with the children losing mental age at a rate comparable to those without schizophrenia.
A recent study found a diabetes epidemic among First Nations adults, with women in their prime reproductive years disproportionately affected. The incidence of diabetes is more than 4 times higher in First Nations women compared to non-First Nations women.
The Lancet article advocates for tailoring antibiotic dosing to individual patients' physical characteristics, particularly for those with large body sizes. This approach could improve treatment effectiveness and safety, especially considering the increasing prevalence of obesity-related infections.
A new study finds that alcohol-related injuries among underage youth and young adults are shaped by the density and types of alcohol outlets in neighborhoods. Off-premise outlets, such as take-out establishments and bars, are linked to higher injury rates, including accidents, assaults, and traffic crashes.
A Commonwealth Fund survey found nearly half of young adults (19-29) are uninsured at some time, with key transition times like graduation posing significant risk. The majority support reforms that make health insurance more affordable and protective.
A study found that individuals who experienced psychological or social adversity in childhood may develop lasting emotional, immune, and metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of age-related diseases. Adverse childhood experiences were linked to depression, high inflammation levels, and metabolic risk factors in adulthood.
Researchers found that people born in the Southern stroke belt have a higher risk of dying from stroke as adults, even if they later move away. The study also found that those who live in the stroke belt in adulthood have an elevated risk of dying from stroke.
A new study published in the American Journal of Hypertension found that Transcendental Meditation significantly reduces blood pressure, anxiety and depression in young adults at risk for hypertension. The three-month intervention program showed a 52% lower risk of developing hypertension in later years.
A recent study found that pediatric onset multiple sclerosis is more aggressive and causes more brain lesions than MS diagnosed in adulthood. However, patients with pediatric-onset MS develop disabilities at a slower pace than those with adult-onset MS, with an average delay of almost 10 years.
Researchers found that individuals with both childhood adversity and traumatic events in adulthood are more likely to develop PTSD. The study also revealed that a genetic mutation can interact with these factors to increase the risk of developing the condition.
Shire presents new scientific data on its ADHD portfolio, including INTUNIV, Vyvanse, and Daytrana. The company's ADHD business unit is committed to advancing treatment research and developing safe and effective treatments.
Researchers used former Colombian guerrillas to study brain structure changes after learning to read. They found higher grey matter density in left hemisphere areas responsible for letter recognition and increased white matter connections, particularly with the angular gyrus.
Researchers found no association between light-to-moderate alcohol consumption and reduced risk of functional decline over time. Lifestyle-related characteristics such as physical activity, body weight, education, and income were identified as the real determinants of the reported beneficial effects of alcohol.