A recent study reveals that households in New Orleans broke up more than double the national rate following Hurricane Katrina. The study found that extended-family households were especially vulnerable to breakups due to their composition and response to economic need.
A study at the University of Cambridge found that compulsions lead to obsessions, challenging the traditional understanding of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The research provides insight into the debilitating repetitive behavior of OCD and could lead to more effective treatments.
Researchers at UTHealth found diabetics are three to five times more likely to contract TB than non-diabetics, with 25% of cases attributed to diabetes. Improved diabetes prevention and management, including screening for TB, can benefit both diseases.
Researchers identified a new probiotic bacteria-derived soluble protein that provides therapeutic protection against intestinal inflammation. The protein, p40, was delivered to the colon and protected mice from colitis through an EGFR-dependent mechanism.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute successfully synthesized a rare natural product, conolidine, which shows potent analgesic properties comparable to morphine. The compound has remarkably few side effects, but its mechanism of action remains unknown.
A study published in Perspectives on Psychological Science suggests that Four Loko's unique flavor profile may contribute to its high intoxication rate, rather than caffeine. The 'Four-Loko effect' highlights how unusual flavors can heighten the effects of alcohol, making it more potent.
The American Society for Microbiology warns that globalization is exposing the US food supply to unsanitary practices, particularly in seafood and fresh produce imports. The FDA inspects less than 1% of imported entries annually, highlighting the need for both government verification and industry responsibility.
A 22-year-old undergraduate student has made a groundbreaking discovery of the Universe's 'missing mass' by detecting filaments in X-ray data. This finding is significant as it proves the prediction that the mass should be low in density but high in temperature, providing valuable insights into large-scale cosmic structures.
A recent study found that prayer about health issues increased dramatically among American adults over the past three decades, with 49% of respondents praying in 2007. The study also revealed correlations between prayer and socioeconomic factors, such as income and education level.
Rebeca Wong has been awarded a $3.03 million NIH grant to continue her longitudinal aging study in Mexico, collecting data on thousands of participants across various topics. The Mexican Health and Aging Study aims to compare health outcomes with other national surveys globally.
Chemical engineers at Stevens have developed a microreactor that converts fossil fuels into pure hydrogen for fuel cell batteries, offering a reliable and reusable power source. This innovation has the potential to reduce waste from disposable batteries and provide soldiers with a dependable way to recharge critical devices.
A new resource, 'REU in a Box,' has been developed by Oregon State University to support faculty in creating and implementing undergraduate research experiences. This tool provides practical guidance on topics such as student assessment, literature reviews, and presenting research findings.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara developed a new method of nanoscopic imaging that could lead to early detection and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The study focused on the myelin sheath, a membrane surrounding nerves compromised in MS patients.
Researchers discovered a hyperactive Wnt signaling pathway in human sarcoma cells, which increases cell growth and proliferation by increasing CDC25A gene expression. This suggests that medications targeting the Wnt pathway may be effective in treating human sarcomas.
A recent SAGE publication examines how poverty and lack of education affect young, disadvantaged dads, with 68-75% being fathers by age 30. The issue explores solutions to reconnect disconnected dads to their children, improving child and family economic and emotional well-being.
The 2010/2011 winter survey found total losses of 30% from managed honey bee colonies nationwide. Beekeepers reported an average loss of 38.4%, with 61% experiencing losses greater than economically acceptable levels.
The FASEB MARC Program has announced a $1,650 travel award recipient for the 2011 GSA C. elegans meeting. The program aims to increase underrepresented minorities engaged in biomedical research, with a focus on promoting diversity and inclusion.
A recent study found that granting patients full access to their medical records increases their satisfaction without causing anxiety. The research, published in the Cancer journal, suggests that providing accurate information through medical records can complement verbal communication with physicians and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have discovered liquid crystals that can detect low concentrations of bacterial endotoxin with high sensitivity. This breakthrough has the potential to replace the current LAL assay using horseshoe crab blood, reducing costs and variability associated with the test.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered a novel mechanism of action for fluorinated glucosamine, which blocks the synthesis of key carbohydrate structures linked to skin inflammation and cancer progression. This finding has significant implications for developing new treatments against these conditions.
The Stevens Institute of Technology's Center for Science Writings awarded the 2010 book Storms of My Grandchildren by Dr. James Hansen the Green Book Award, recognizing its compelling call to action on global climate change. The award honors books that address environmental issues in a compelling way.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that comprehensive tort reform in Texas resulted in an 80% decrease in surgical malpractice lawsuits and a significant reduction in associated costs. The study, which spanned 18 years, showed that the prevalence of lawsuits dropped from 40/100,000 operations to ...
Researchers found that complex drug labels contain an average of 70 side effects, with antidepressants and newer treatments having the most reactions. The study aims to improve patient safety by presenting information efficiently to healthcare providers.
A phase II study by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center found that an antibody-guided chemotherapy drug eradicated or greatly reduced ALL cells in 61% of patients with resistant or recurrent disease. This makes it a potential most active single-agent therapy for ALL.
Researchers have successfully isolated individual charged particles like DNA molecules using a method called Paul trapping, which could lead to personalized diagnosis and treatment. The device is small, inexpensive, and can be used on a single chip, allowing for rapid testing of patient samples in offices.
Researchers at Stanford University developed a special wound dressing that significantly reduced scar tissue caused by incisions in animal tests and early clinical trials. The novel 'stress-shielding device' provides uniform compression across the wound, reducing scarring and potentially making surgical revisions more appealing.
Researchers have discovered a link between a variant of the fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) and an increased incidence of breast cancer. The study, published in BMC Medical Genetics, found that people with this genetic variant have a 30% higher chance of developing breast cancer.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new technique to detect both genetic diseases and chromosomal abnormalities in IVF embryos. This method allows for the simultaneous detection of single-gene mutations and aneuploidy, enabling couples to choose healthy embryos for implantation.
A study comparing transarterial embolization to surgery in patients with uncontrolled peptic ulcer bleeding after endoscopy found TAE is a safe procedure with high technical success rate. It reduces the need for surgery and overall complications without increasing mortality.
Researchers identified a new probiotic bacteria-derived soluble protein that can protect intestinal cells from inflammation and injury in mice models of colitis. The protein's delivery to the colon provided therapeutic protection against ulcerative intestinal inflammatory disorders.
A team of Penn psychologists overturned the long-standing associative word learning theory, finding that children learn their first words through moments of insight rather than gradual exposure. Experiments involving short video segments showed that repeated exposure did not improve accuracy, and early informative vignettes were crucia...
Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among African-American patients with MS, largely due to regional UV exposure and geographic factors. Low vitamin D levels were found in nearly 77% of MS patients compared to 71% without the disease.
The study proposes a novel molecular mechanism for detecting chromosome alignment on the mitotic spindle, preventing errors in cell division. The checkpoint mechanism ensures irreversible progression through the cell cycle, blocking further progress until problems are corrected.
Researchers discovered that antiferromagnetism and superconductivity can coexist in certain solids, contradicting previous theories. This finding provides crucial experimental evidence for understanding the interplay between various phases in high-temperature superconductors.
The ALICE RAP project aims to redefine the concept of addiction in Europe, considering economic, health, and social consequences. It will analyze the potential of new approaches to govern and manage addiction using foresight methodologies.
The CDC study found that a significant proportion of respondents had traveled to countries with reported prion diseases, increasing the risk of exposure. Hunting and venison consumption were also associated with increased risk of prion disease exposure, particularly in areas with chronic wasting disease.
The National Physicians Alliance recommends limiting antibiotic prescribing, avoiding imaging for low back pain, and not ordering cardiac screening tests in low-risk patients. The suggestions aim to make primary care more affordable and efficient while improving patient health.
Scientists have identified the molecular structure of proteins enabling bacterial cells to transfer electrical charge, opening the door to efficient microbial fuel cells. The discovery could also lead to the development of microbe-based agents for oil and uranium pollution cleanup.
Women who gained 2-3 BMI units between the first and second pregnancy were more likely to develop GDM in the second pregnancy. Conversely, women who lost over 6 pounds between pregnancies reduced their risk of developing GDM by approximately 50%. The association was strongest in women who were overweight or obese in their first pregnancy.
A recent study using data collected between 2006 and 2007 found evidence for 10 free-floating planets roughly the mass of Jupiter, suggesting they are common. The discovery supports the 'ejection' scenario where planets are kicked out from their solar systems due to close gravitational encounters with other planets or stars.
A new study by American Cancer Society researchers found that long-term regular acetaminophen use was associated with a 38% lower risk of prostate cancer. The study suggests that acetaminophen may provide biological clues about prostate cancer development, warranting further research.
Regular cultural activities like visiting museums and theatres improve mental health in adults, with receptive cultural activities showing greatest benefits for men. Engaging in creative or active cultural activities also has positive effects on perceived health and well-being.
A new study reveals that babies born at 39 weeks have a significantly lower risk of death compared to those born earlier, with mortality rates declining by up to 50% per week after 37 weeks. This research supports the importance of continuing pregnancy until 39 weeks for optimal baby health.
Researchers found that game-worn football faceshields are more susceptible to breaking than new ones, especially when subjected to lower forces of impact. The study recommends routine inspection and replacement of used faceshields to prevent potential eye injuries.
Researchers at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre have identified a protein called PINK1 as a potential trigger for heart failure. The absence of this protein causes heart cells to produce less energy, leading to cell death and hypertrophy.
Dr. William R. Ward has made fundamental contributions to understanding how planets and satellites form and dynamically evolve, including the giant impact theory of lunar formation and Mars' polar axis oscillations
The Hubble Space Telescope has observed the historic variable star V1, which helped confirm the size of the universe and its expansion. The observations, conducted in collaboration with amateur astronomers, provide new insights into the properties of Cepheid variables and their role in measuring distances to galaxies.
A Penn-led study has identified common clinical activities where changes in practice could lead to higher quality care and better use of finite clinical resources. The 'Top 5' list for internal medicine includes practices such as not overimaging, not overscreening, and using generic statins.
Researchers replicated inflammatory gene changes of human kidney progression from mild to severe diabetic nephropathy using a mouse model. The study could lead to new understanding and potential treatments for diabetic nephropathy, the leading cause of kidney failure.
Researchers analyzed 119 clinical trials to determine the magnitude of placebo effect and no treatment effect on headache recovery rate. The study found a high overall recovery rate of 36% in 'no treatment' control groups.
Survivors with pre-existing mental conditions, such as schizophrenia and dementia, are vulnerable to long-term harm after disasters. Disaster-response planners must prioritize their needs alongside those of physically injured individuals.
According to a new study from Tufts University researchers, whites now perceive anti-white racism as a bigger problem than anti-black racism. Whites agree that anti-black racism has decreased over the last 60 years, while also believing that anti-white racism has increased and is now prevalent.
Researchers have identified a novel hepatitis C-like virus in dogs, providing new insights into the origins of the human disease. The discovery offers renewed hope for developing a model system to study HCV's mechanisms and may lead to the development of drugs and vaccines.
A common CT scan test could help identify individuals with diabetes at high risk of early death, who may benefit from targeted medical care and interventions. Researchers found that those with higher levels of calcified plaque buildup in their blood vessels were more than six times more likely to die prematurely.
Tropical Storm Songda has strengthened over the past few days, with maximum sustained winds reaching 69 mph. The storm is expected to continue intensifying, but its center will remain offshore from Luzon, Philippines. Gusty winds, heavy rainfall, and rough surf are forecast for the western side of the storm.
A collaborative research proposal by Hebrew University and University of Kentucky teams explores the role of small non-coding RNAs in regulating genetic information. The study aims to understand how organisms interpret genomic information, potentially leading to new therapies for human diseases.
Electrical engineers at Duke University have created a unique metamaterial that theoretically enables efficient wireless power transmission to small and large devices. The material refocuses energy transmitted between devices, reducing power loss and enabling longer-distance energy transfer.
Researchers found that just four percent of galaxies are similar to the Milky Way, with two satellites as bright and close by as the Magellanic Clouds. The study used data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and computer simulations to understand how the Milky Way fits into the broader context of the universe.
A cognitive psychologist urges memory researchers to consider the complexity of human memory, arguing that simple experimental tasks can oversimplify its nature. He highlights the importance of involuntary reminding, which creates a coherent record of our interactions with the environment.
Researchers have developed a new microchip that can quickly and inexpensively assess immune function by examining biomarkers from single cells. The technology has the potential to be used routinely to monitor immune system performance and evaluate the effectiveness of certain classes of therapeutics, such as vaccines and immunotherapies.
Men with COPD who use inhaled anticholinergic drugs are at higher risk of developing urinary retention. Researchers found that this risk is significant in men who have used IACs for a month or less and those with enlarged prostate glands.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have discovered that innate immune system proteins can induce bacterial cell walls to self-destruct. The proteins, called Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins (PGRPs), target bacteria by exploiting a defense mechanism used by the bacteria themselves.
An analysis of ancient Nubian-era mummies found that human alteration of the environment contributed to the spread of schistosomiasis, a water-borne parasitic disease infecting an estimated 200 million people today. The study suggests that ancient individuals were capable of altering their environment in ways that impacted their health.
A new nano-complex dietary supplement developed at Hebrew University can significantly reduce fat and sugar absorption in the body. The researchers found that taking this complex before a high-fat and high-sugar meal reduced bad cholesterol production by 42% and increased insulin sensitivity by 64%.
Researchers discovered a protein isolated from beneficial bacteria, called p40, that supports intestinal epithelial cell growth and function, reducing inflammatory responses. Oral consumption of p40 prevented and treated colitis in animal models, providing a potential new therapeutic option for IBD.
A randomized, controlled trial found that patient navigators can significantly improve CRC screening rates among low-income, black, and non-English-speaking patients. The study suggests that focusing on these populations with patient navigation may be an effective approach to reducing screening disparities.
A subset of severe asthmatics harbor infectious C. pneumoniae in their lungs, resulting in antibody production and increased asthma severity. Antibiotic treatment can significantly improve symptoms and even lead to a complete abolition of asthma symptoms.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found shave biopsies to be a safe and accurate method for initial evaluation of melanoma. The study analyzed 600 consecutive patients who underwent shave biopsies, revealing that 97% of the results were accurate in determining T-stage and depth data.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that low-risk patients who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) screening were more likely to receive medications and undergo additional testing. However, their cardiac event rates did not significantly differ from those who did not undergo screening.
The grant enables scientists to monitor the world's oceans and track changes in coastal or maritime systems, supporting a more sophisticated understanding of global climate change. Dr. Stamnes' algorithms will also aid in exploring issues related to polarization, scattering, and refraction of light in atmosphere-ocean systems.
A Johns Hopkins study found that CT angiography in low-risk patients without symptoms leads to more aggressive care, including more drugs and tests, but no difference in heart attack or cardiac death rates. The test's benefits are unclear, and guidelines suggest it should not be used for screening in low-risk patients.
Key findings from the Commonwealth Fund/Modern Healthcare Health Care Opinion Leaders Survey include widespread support for states to implement key health reform law provisions early with full federal support. The survey also highlights concerns about barriers to implementation, such as capacity of state agencies and budget pressures.
A Johns Hopkins team has identified a newly discovered protein called Iduna that protects the brain against stroke and neurologic disorders. The protein works by interrupting a cascade of molecular events that result in cell death, and its presence increases three- to four-fold in preconditioned mouse brain tissue.
Researchers estimate 500 HIV-infected, but otherwise healthy deceased donors per year could donate organs due to federal ban. Reversing the ban could improve survival rates and reduce wait times for HIV-infected patients with kidney or liver failure.
Mycorrhizal fungi can increase plant growth with less phosphate fertilizer, solving a pressing challenge for global food production. Researchers have discovered that using mycorrhizal fungus gel can produce the same yield as traditional farming with up to half less phosphate fertilizer.
A team of NIH scientists has identified the most proteins produced by Brugia malayi, a parasitic worm that causes lymphatic filariasis. The findings may lead to the development of new vaccines and treatments for the disease, which can cause severely disabling swelling in the lower limbs.
A team of researchers has pinpointed genome regions that contribute to the debilitating lung disease associated with cystic fibrosis, providing insight into its causes and potential diagnostic markers. The study also points to new therapeutic approaches for related diseases such as COPD.
A new study by University of Nebraska-Lincoln economist Seth Giertz found that male disability applicants rejected for federal benefits tend to have lower earnings and labor force participation rates. Rejected applicants also work less despite being in better health than accepted applicants.
A University of Miami economist applied modern-day game theory techniques to examine famous military bluffs and find that bluffing was the optimal strategy in each situation. The study used signaling games to model the legends of Li Guang and Zhuge Liang, finding that uncertainty was key to avoiding confrontation.
The Heat Wave system uses heated, humidified air delivered through an oxygen mask to rapidly transfer heat to the blood via convection. Tests show it's more effective than current treatments, decreasing treatment time for hypothermic patients to just four hours.
Researchers found that targeting patient navigation to black and non-English speaking patients increased CRC screenings by 33.6% compared to usual care. These patients were also more likely to undergo colonoscopy and have adenomas detected.