AnaLisa DiFeo will investigate microRNA profiles and their association with chemotherapy sensitivity in ovarian cancer tumors. Her research aims to identify new drug targets for overcoming chemoresistance and improving treatment outcomes.
A new study analyzes where and how governments worldwide censor the web, revealing stark differences in levels of control. The analysis shows that countries with democratic systems have minimal or no censorship, while authoritarian regimes impose extensive restrictions.
Researchers have determined the atomic-scale arrangement of proteins in a virus structure that enables it to invade and fuse with host cells. The findings show how the structure morphs in response to changing acidity, exposing a portion required for fusion with the cell membrane.
Researchers identified top 100 known insect pests most likely to establish in the US and individual states, finding that many pests are missing from neighboring states. The study found significant negative relationships between state size, biodiversity, domestic air passengers, and GDP and absent pest species.
Infants demonstrate ability to compare quantities, such as liquids, with research finding they choose larger amount in food-related tasks. This contradicts previous studies suggesting infants are unable to quantify non-cohesive substances.
Researchers discover that infection with Trichuris trichiura eggs increases mucus production in the colon, providing symptomatic relief from ulcerative colitis. The study identifies a shift from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory immune cells, paving the way for potential helminth therapy.
A CU-Boulder scientist is using data gathered by a world-class telescope flying aboard a modified Boeing 747 to observe a distant star-forming region. The Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) allows scientists to study stellar targets in wavelengths that can't be observed by ground-based telescopes.
A 13-year study reveals that natural reforestation in the Pyrenees is benefiting the endangered Cypripedium calceolus orchid by enabling its recovery and stabilization. The research highlights the positive impact of landscape changes on forest species at the edge of their range.
A recent study published in Psychiatric Services reveals that young women veterans are at significantly higher risk of suicide than civilian women. According to the data, female veterans aged 18-34 are at the highest risk, with nearly triple the rate of suicides compared to their non-veteran counterparts.
Researchers are using graphene to develop a new method for decoding DNA sequences, which could lead to more precise medical treatments. The technique involves passing DNA through a nanopore drilled into graphene, allowing scientists to read out the chemical bases along the strand as they pass through.
Researchers found that magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can help diagnose chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a brain disorder caused by repetitive head trauma. The study revealed altered levels of neurochemicals in the brains of former athletes with suspected CTE, suggesting a potential non-invasive early detection method.
Concordia University researchers have made a breakthrough in converting plant material into biofuels using engineered bacteria. By introducing structural proteins on the surface of Lactococcus lactis, scientists can create a stable surface for chemical activity, paving the way for more efficient bioprocessing and organic material break...
Researchers aim to create an integrated chip that detects multiple biological and chemical agents simultaneously, using integrated photonics and surface coatings. The goal is to achieve high sensitivity and specificity for detecting various threats.
According to a new review article from the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, getting to a hospital quickly is the best thing to do if you are bitten by a snake. Current medical treatments, including new medications and surgery, are far more effective than anything that can be done at home.
A team of researchers found that the protein LXR-beta is necessary for glucocorticoid drugs to cause severe side effects. In mice lacking LXR-beta, high blood glucose and fatty liver were avoided but immunosuppression remained.
A recent study suggests that radiation exposure from CT scans is lower than previously estimated, with cancer incidences related to ionizing radiation found to be 0.02% and 0.04% in two groups.
Researchers are improving rain gardens to reduce runoff and filter pollutants, keeping toxic metals out of storm drains. Scientists have found that biochar-activated carbons can attract heavy metals, leading to more effective filtration.
A University of Michigan study finds that Americans overreport their church attendance, with a significant gap between self-reported rates and actual behavior. This disparity is not unique to the US, but North America stands out in its consistency in overestimating attendance.
A new cell-based assay system, EASY-HIT, has been developed to identify HIV inhibitors and measure their potency. The technology, led by Professor Ruth Brack-Werner, can also detect anti-HIV activities in raw plant extracts and has already discovered novel sources of antiviral activities.
Researchers used the Encanto supercomputer to create molecular snapshots of the ribosomal subunits during protein synthesis. The study showed that head swivel motion plays a crucial role in facilitating translocation via intra-subunit tRNA hybrid sites, and a dynamic catalyst acts as a pawl in the ribosomal machinery.
Researchers reconstructed global sea level history over the last 21 thousand years using data from 400 high-quality markers. The study found a gradual rise of 1m/century interrupted by two periods with rapid 'jumps' of up to 2.5m/century, coinciding with climate warming and cooling events.
A study by Radiological Society of North America found CT scans to be the most accurate imaging modality in detecting cocaine containers in drug mules, with a sensitivity rate of 100 percent. X-rays had a lower detection rate, while low-dose linear slit digital radiography had an 85 percent sensitivity rate.
A study by Thomas Jefferson University found that bone marrow stromal stem cells can significantly recover motor behavior in laboratory rats after a simulated stroke. Early administration of the stem cells was more effective than late administration, with profound changes in brain structure and long-lasting motor function improvement.
Researchers found that changes in cellular energy balance can lead to increased lifespans in worms, providing a proof-of-concept for human aging. The study discovered a novel metabolic state associated with long-lived mitochondrial mutants, suggesting a potential approach to extending human lifespan.
Researchers found that Mycobacterium chelonae, a common environmental bacterium, can decrease the effectiveness of the bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine. The study suggests that immune cells exposed to this bacterium may dampen vaccine efficacy. This discovery could lead to new, more effective vaccines against tuberculosis.
Researchers have discovered that plasminogen, a protein that breaks down blood clots, accelerates the progression of prion diseases by putting rogue prion proteins into overdrive. This finding presents a promising new target for anti-prion therapy, which could improve treatment options for patients suffering from prion diseases.
A new study found that psychological and social factors, such as personality traits and coping mechanisms, play a crucial role in successful aging. Critical life events and personal history also contribute to an individual's ability to adapt to stressful situations.
Climate change exacerbates the effects of El Niño on coral reef fish populations, leading to a near-absence of young fish necessary for adult replenishment. This process allows fish to feed on plankton and escape predators, but may now become an Achilles' heel in changing waters.
This special issue explores the geological changes in the southern margin of Laurentia using Magnetotelluric Transportable Array data, discovering a Jurassic backarc basin in the Gulf of Mexico and revealing new insights into Monterey Submarine Canyon's axial channel. 3D petrography techniques also shed light on pumice clast size distr...
Researchers found enzyme replacement therapy beginning at birth can eliminate almost all symptoms of mucopolysaccharidosis type I, a rare genetic disorder. Early treatment also showed significant improvements in brain pathology and reduced disease severity in animal models.
A recent study published in Nature found a correlation between biodiversity loss and increased incidence of infectious diseases. Researchers discovered that environmental degradation can lead to an increase in disease-carrying pathogens, as seen in the decline of opossum populations, which allows ticks to flourish and spread Lyme disease.
Researchers found that anti-retroviral therapy improves household investments, education, and nutrition, while a prevention strategy focusing on girls reduces HIV prevalence and genital herpes. The 'Lazarus effect' suggests long-term treatment yields significant economic dividends and positive behavioral changes.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have confirmed the existence of triplet superconductivity experimentally, a phenomenon previously only predicted theoretically. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient energy storage and transmission in devices.
A new study published in Sleep reveals that myocardial infarction can cause paradoxical sleep phase disruption and reduced cholinergic neurons, leading to insomnia. The research highlights the critical role of rapid treatment and preventive measures to mitigate post-infarction complications.
A study shows that a pregnant mother's diet impacts her infant's sense of smell, altering brain development and influencing future food preferences. The research found that exposure to odors in the womb can shape the brain's olfactory system, leading to preferred flavors in early life.
Researchers at the NIH have identified a compound that prevents overproduction of thyroid hormone, potentially improving treatment for Graves' disease. The receptor antagonist has not yet been tested in animals or people and still needs to undergo safety testing before potential human trials.
A study of 10 nursing homes in California found that 31% of residents carried MRSA, with rates varying widely between facilities. The findings suggest that some nursing homes are effective in containing the bacteria, but more research is needed to understand their strategies.
A recent NIH study found that a body mass index (BMI) between 20.0 and 24.9 is linked to the lowest risk of death in healthy, non-smoking adults. For individuals who are overweight or obese, the risks of death increase dramatically, with certain BMI ranges associated with significantly higher mortality rates.
Two studies published in the journal Ophthalmology suggest that omega-3 rich fish and seafood consumption may help prevent advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in seniors. Additionally, a new test called pattern electroretinogram (PERGLA) shows promise for early detection of glaucoma by measuring retinal ganglion cell function.
Migrant domestic workers face exploitation and social exclusion in Sweden's formal labor market. The report highlights the dual consequences of tax deductions on processes of inclusion and exclusion. Key findings reveal the persistence of informal services despite tax deductions and the vulnerability of undocumented migrant workers.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that thioredoxin-like 2 is highly expressed in cancer cells and helps protect them from oxidative stress. This protein plays a crucial role in cancer cell growth and survival, making it a promising target for future anti-cancer therapies.
A team of scientists reconstructed colonial US hydrology by integrating modern data with historical records, highlighting human activities' role in shaping watersheds. The study provides new insights into past water residence times and biogeochemistry, shedding light on diseases transmission.
Climate change threatens tropical rainforests, requiring a new approach in forest management and conservation. Strategic planning is crucial for linking existing national parks into larger protected areas to preserve biodiversity.
A recent report by the University of California, Riverside professor emphasizes the importance of financial support in increasing Latino science and math graduates. The study found that students with more financial backing from their parents or through self-support were more likely to attend highly selective institutions and graduate f...
A study by the Radiological Society of North America found that annual mammography between ages 40 and 50 significantly reduces mastectomy rates. The researchers analyzed data from 971 women diagnosed with breast cancer and treated at a UK hospital, concluding that yearly screening improves breast conservation outcomes.
A new study has found widespread toxic lead contamination in used consumer products such as toys, home décor items, and jewelry. Researchers tested 28 items from second-hand stores and found 19 exceeded the federal limit for lead content.
Researchers found that low mass dark matter particles can interact with the Sun's atoms, transferring energy from the core to the external parts. This interaction cools down the Sun's core and reduces the flux of solar neutrinos.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a way to strengthen polyunsaturated fatty acids, making them less susceptible to oxidation. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more effective nutritional supplements and new approaches to combatting neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
Research found that women who experienced recurrent miscarriage were five times more likely to have a heart attack in later life. Those who had stillbirths were also at increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
UT Southwestern researchers have identified a gene responsible for JMP syndrome, an extremely rare disorder characterized by severe joint stiffness, muscle loss, and panniculitis-induced lipodystrophy. The proteasome subunit beta-type 8 (PSMB8) gene mutation affects immune cell function, leading to inflammation and fat loss.
A new study from Massachusetts General Hospital finds that circulating tumor cells prepare a hospitable environment for tumor growth by bringing along noncancerous cells, facilitating metastasis. The presence of these supporting cells is crucial for the initial growth and survival of tumors at a new site.
Researchers found that nearly one-third of LGBT youth have attempted suicide in their lifetime, but about 70% did not meet criteria for any mental disorders. The study also revealed that bisexual youth tend to have lower rates of mental health problems compared to gay and lesbian youth.
A recent French survey reveals that one in two emergency care doctors are prone to burn-out, with tension between home and working life being a significant factor. Poor teamwork also significantly increases the risk of burn-out among these physicians.
The US PLWHA death rate decreased from 1996-2006, with a sharp drop in AIDS-defining illnesses, while non-HIV related diseases like heart disease and liver disease increased, according to CDC analysis.
The European Science Foundation recommends creating a CERN-like Institute for Mathematics to bridge the gap between math research and industry, promoting collaboration and innovation. This would enable small and medium enterprises to access expertise and funds, driving economic growth and job creation.
A new study has identified promising biomarkers for Huntington's disease that could be used to track disease progression and test potential disease-modifying treatments. Biomarkers were found in brain imaging techniques, including whole-brain and striatal atrophy, which increased at a higher rate in individuals with the disease.
The team made the first measurements of GJ 1214b's atmosphere, revealing a featureless spectrum that could be caused by a thick cloud or haze. The data suggests that the atmosphere is either dense with hydrogen or composed of steam vaporized by the nearby star.
Researchers identified a plant clock gene that works in human cells and vice versa, with similar function. The study suggests convergent evolution as the explanation for this phenomenon, highlighting the importance of maintaining accurate circadian rhythms in both plants and humans.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that medical device registries enhance patient safety and quality of care by tracking implant effectiveness and patient risk factors. The study analyzed over 85,000 joint surgeries and identified key reasons for re-operations and outcomes for patients.
Two studies published in Cell Transplantation found that administering bone marrow stem cells promoted functional recovery and reduced damage after stroke, while VEGF administration provided near complete neurological protection. These findings suggest two potential treatments for stroke and could offer new recourse against its ravages.
Researchers have identified 30 new genes responsible for determining the age of sexual maturation in women, with many also influencing body fatness and energy metabolism. The findings could help combat diseases linked to early menarche, such as breast cancer and type 2 diabetes.
Elliptical galaxies are found to contain five to ten times as many red dwarfs as thought, with implications for galaxy formation and evolution. The discovery could lead to a reevaluation of dark matter in these galaxies.
A recent study led by John Goddeeris found that extremely low birth weight babies, who weigh less than 2.2 pounds, often experience minimal long-term economic impact as adults.
A study by scientists at Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies reveals a critical connection between conservation and disease. Loss of species large and small can increase pathogens, leading to increased disease transmission. The authors call for careful monitoring of areas with high animal densities to prevent infectious disease outbreaks.
Researchers discovered TXNL2 helps protect human breast cancer cells from high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can contribute to tumor development and progression. Enhanced TXNL2 expression correlated with cancer spread and decreased survival rates in primary breast cancer samples.
The new pilot program aims to recover organs from deceased individuals who die of cardiac arrest outside of hospitals, honoring their wishes and saving lives. The program has the potential to transform organ donation in the US, making it possible for more people to become donors regardless of where they die.
Research published in Frontline Gastroenterology finds that Crohn's disease patients are more likely to experience worsening symptoms if they have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with nearly one in five patients scoring high on the PTSD scale
Researchers from 38 institutions collaborate to study neutrinos in the Daya Bay project. The team aims to understand how neutrinos transition between types and shed light on the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
Researchers have described the first functioning 'lipidome' of a mouse macrophage, a white blood cell, providing new insights into how lipids interact and change over time in response to bacterial stimuli. The study sheds light on the crucial role of lipid molecules in inflammation and disease.
A new study suggests preterm infants are at risk of invasive pneumococcal disease despite receiving the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Early effective immunization is crucial, as they have lower levels of maternally derived antibody than full-term infants.
A study of 614 vineyard workers in South West France found a link between long-term pesticide exposure and declining cognitive abilities, including lower scores on memory and recall tests. The researchers suggest that higher risks of dementia may be associated with pesticide exposure.
Research shows that damage to nerve supply controlling eye movement is a common problem after stroke, impacting reading abilities and rehabilitation. Stricter assessment methods are necessary to detect vision problems as stroke after-effects rather than age-related symptoms.
Researchers discovered a protein necessary for normal cell division in blood-forming stem cells, which resulted in abnormal numbers of chromosomes and high rates of cell death. This finding highlights the metabolic differences between stem cells and other blood-forming cells.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a novel capacitor design that could significantly increase energy density in power supplies for electric cars. The new technology uses titanium alloy and advanced materials to create a highly efficient and compact device capable of absorbing and providing surges of electricity.
A study of 88 Parkinson's outpatients found that 72% experienced fatigue or excessive daytime sleepiness, with 60% of fatigued patients also experiencing EDS. Fatigue was more common in those without EDS, while EDS worsened with dopamine agonist treatment.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine have identified a mechanism by which specific viruses acting as oncolytic agents can enter and kill cancer cells. By targeting the AKT signaling pathway, VSV is able to switch off a major cell survival signal, leaving cancer cells vulnerable to attack.
Astronomers at Yale University have discovered that small red dwarfs are much more prolific than previously believed, increasing the total number of stars in the universe. The discovery found 20 times more red dwarfs in elliptical galaxies than in the Milky Way, with potential implications for galaxy formation and evolution.
Global coastal wetlands are likely to disappear near the end of the 21st century, with limited sediment supplies and tidal ranges making them vulnerable. Wetlands with higher sediment availability may survive under slow sea-level rise projections.
A new study by UC Davis researchers found that Southeast-Asian-American families with children having developmental disabilities face significant obstacles in receiving intervention services. Barriers include limited information, language difficulties and a perception that reliance on government support is not acceptable.
Researchers at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia have discovered a new gene, LMO1, as a significant contributor to neuroblastoma, the most common solid cancer of early childhood. Variants in this gene increase the risk of developing aggressive forms of neuroblastoma and mark the gene for continued disease progression.
A new set of multi-lingual tools has been released by Science-Metrix Inc. to visualize the links between scientific specialties in 18 languages. The tools include a classification of 15,000 peer-reviewed scientific journals, allowing users to track performance and research dynamics.
A large-scale study found that military deployment significantly influences sleep quality and quantity, with participants reporting 28% more trouble falling asleep during deployment. The study suggests promoting healthier sleep patterns may be beneficial for military service members, particularly those with mental health issues.
A study found that loud snoring and difficulty falling asleep predict the development of metabolic syndrome, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The risk was significantly higher in adults who reported frequent loud snoring or unrefreshing sleep.
Researchers found a duplicated region of DNA on chromosome 5 predisposes people to major depression, implicating disruptions in neurotransmission networks. The study identified 12 copy number variations exclusive to MDD cases, with a large duplication of the SLIT3 gene contributing to the risk.
New analysis suggests that stenting can perform as well as surgery for treating narrowed carotid vessels, with age being a significant factor. For younger patients (under 70) with symptoms related to the condition, stenting proved effective in reducing stroke risk.
A study published in Nature found that species loss leads to increases in disease-causing organisms, increasing the risk of infectious diseases such as Lyme disease and hantavirus. The researchers argue that preserving natural habitats is crucial to preventing this effect.
The southeastern United States is home to a diverse array of fish species, but poor stream health poses a significant threat to their survival. The region's growing population and increasing demands on water resources have led to widespread degradation of aquatic habitats.
A new explanation of how humans solve problems creatively has been introduced, providing a roadmap for building systems that perform like humans. The theory proposes the coexistence of two types of knowledge and processing: explicit and implicit. By incorporating this principle, computers can now mimic human creativity in problem-solving.
Researchers developed a shoe-embedded radar system to aid pedestrian navigation, reducing errors in GPS-less situations. The technology uses inertial measurement units (IMUs) with an independent radar sensor to track movement and position.
Researchers identified a crucial protein, LXR-beta, involved in the negative side effects of glucocorticoid drugs. Targeting this protein may lead to safer drug designs. Additionally, TXNL2 is found to protect human breast cancer cells from oxidative stress, while mutations in SLC1A1 cause rare kidney disorder dicarboxylic aminoaciduria.
Tel Aviv University researchers discovered that endurance exercises increase muscle stem cells and enhance their ability to rejuvenate old muscles. This finding could lead to a new drug to help the elderly and immobilized heal their muscles faster.
Men with longer index fingers are at a lower risk of developing prostate cancer, while those with shorter index fingers are more likely to be diagnosed. The study found that men aged under 60 were 87% less likely to have prostate cancer if their index finger was longer than their ring finger.