Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study examining 700 fifty-year-olds born between 1943 and 1947 found that those whose mothers starved during early pregnancy were three times more likely to develop heart disease. The researchers also discovered that the effects depend on the timing of maternal starvation during gestation.
A study published in Heart found that children born to mothers who starved during the first 13 weeks of pregnancy were three times more likely to develop coronary heart disease as adults. They also had higher blood pressure, weighed more, and a higher adverse cholesterol profile.
A recent study found that adolescents with both alcohol and antisocial problems exhibit an increase in serotonin function, contradicting previous research on Type II alcoholism. This suggests that serotonin dysregulation may be key to high-risk behaviors, rather than low or high levels of the neurotransmitter.
A recent study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research examines the influence of peer and partner drinking on adults during the year before marriage. The research reveals that individual characteristics and friends' drinking behaviors are both significant factors in shaping adult drinking habits, with the spouse's fri...
Teenagers who smoke at least one pack of cigarettes a day are at greater risk of developing agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder in young adulthood. However, the study found no significant association between teenagers with anxiety disorders and chronic smoking as young adults.
Uninsured adults are more likely to report poor health status, delay seeking medical care, and forgo necessary care due to cost. Long-term uninsured adults also experience increased risk of death, particularly when hospitalized or diagnosed with serious symptoms.
A study by University of Pennsylvania researchers reveals that infants' skulls are significantly weaker than adults', with one-eighth the strength, making them more susceptible to head injuries. The findings have broad implications for product design and safety standards in areas such as children's bicycle helmets and car seats.
A University of Alberta researcher found that childhood trauma has risen markedly faster for girls than boys, leading to increased rates of depression and potentially unhealthy adulthood. The study's findings suggest a link between childhood trauma and later difficulties, including psychiatric symptoms and social problem behavior.
Research found three birth variables strongly linked to adult obesity in African Americans: first-born status, female sex, and maternal prepregnancy body mass index. These factors account for 12% of the risk for obesity.
A study of nearly 2,000 adults aged 18-90 found that higher education delayed the onset of depression by approximately ten years. This is because better physical health helps mitigate depression risk.
A University of Florida study found that most Americans consider mid-range body sizes attractive and socially acceptable. In contrast to the idealized thin figure often seen in media, participants preferred a range of builds from slender to rounded. As people age, they become more tolerant of varying body sizes.
A study found that infant monkeys raised without adult supervision experienced higher cortisol levels, indicating increased stress, which later led to heavy drinking as adults. This suggests a link between early life experiences, sensitivity to stress, and subsequent alcohol consumption.
A new study found that work/family spillover has distinct effects on physical and mental health, with both negative and positive spillover exerting separate impacts. Positive spillover was independently associated with better health, while less negative spillover was linked to improved well-being.
A study by Dr. Karen Fingerman found that older mothers and daughters have a different perception of pleasant interactions, with fewer references to the mother-daughter bond itself. Instead, they often discuss family-related topics and the daughter's children, siblings, or husband.
A study of 294 adolescents found that having an adult mentor significantly reduces the likelihood of engaging in high-risk behaviors such as carrying a weapon, using illicit drugs, and smoking. Mentorship appears to be an effective strategy in reducing certain risk behaviors and their consequences.
A new meta-analysis of 24 studies found that allergy shots can effectively treat allergic asthma in both adults and children, reducing symptoms and improving lung function. The research suggests that up to half of all adult asthmatics and an even greater proportion of children may benefit from immunotherapy.
A new study by the University of Toronto found that children who had a daily activity program in Grades 1 to 6 showed no advantages in aerobic fitness 20 years later. The study highlights the importance of developing lasting skills and attitudes in physical education programs.
A Penn State study found that serving larger portions to 5-year-olds but not 3-year-olds leads to increased food intake and calorie consumption. This early learning period marks a significant milestone in children's eating habits, highlighting the importance of portion control for healthy development.
Multiple studies show that psyllium can effectively lower total and LDL cholesterol levels in adults with hypercholesterolemia. Psyllium husks, a non-soluble fiber, may increase bile acid excretion and secondarily reduce cholesterol from the liver.
A new study by Gillian Stevens reveals that sociological opportunities and maturational constraints tied to age at onset of language learning play a crucial role in shaping the English proficiency levels of foreign-born residents in the United States. The research found that immigrants with native-born spouses report higher levels of p...
Researchers found that popular youth cigarette brands were more likely to be advertised in magazines with high youth readerships, despite claims of targeting young adults. The study's findings suggest a persistent pattern of advertising to underage youths.
Long-term studies show people with low levels of blood cholesterol, blood pressure, and cigarette use experience lower death rates from heart attack and stroke. The estimated greater life expectancy for low-risk versus others ranged from 5.8 years to 9.5 years.
A study of over 5,000 individuals found that anxiety and depression may cause up to one-quarter of all chest pain cases in young adults. The research suggests that individuals with psychiatric disorders or significant symptoms are more likely to experience chest pain.
The Ontario Student Drug Use Survey reveals a significant increase in youth smoking rates to 28% this year. Meanwhile, adult smoking rates have decreased, but cigarettes remain accessible and affordable for minors, a major concern.
The CARDIA Study found that high-fiber diets are associated with lower insulin levels, weight gain, and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy, young black and white adults. The study of nearly 3,000 participants over 10 years revealed a significant inverse association between fiber consumption and CVD risk factors.
A recent study found that professionals frequently mistake non-bullying situations for bullying, leading to inadequate intervention and increased long-term harm. The researchers stress the importance of recognizing emotional abuse and its potential to escalate into violence.
A recent study reveals that nearly two-thirds of livers donated by children were transplanted into adults, despite an increase in pediatric donors. This has led to a shortage of organs for children, with alternative procedures like segmental grafts becoming more common.
Researchers found that teenagers interpret probability terms differently than adults, with varying ranges within each age group. The study suggests using numeric scales or visual aids to convey risk information effectively and asks for further testing to confirm its findings.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that women with birth defects are at a small risk of having children with birth defects, with only 4% of affected offspring. The majority of women with birth defects will have healthy, unaffected babies.
Patients with atrial septal defects can benefit from surgical closure earlier in life to prevent future symptoms, according to researchers. The study found that surgery between ages 16 and 80 can restore normal blood circulation and prevent arrhythmia.
A study published in Preventive Medicine reveals a significant decline in total cholesterol levels among U.S. adolescents, from 167 mg/dL in 1970 to 160 mg/dL in 1994. This decrease is similar to the drop in cholesterol levels among adults during the same period.
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation awards Wake Forest University School of Medicine a $1.9 million grant to develop a national technical assistance program for adult day centers, building on successful programs from 1987 and 1992.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have successfully grown new kidneys in rats by placing developing rat kidneys inside adult rat abdominal cavities. The resulting organs function and thrive, suggesting a possible alternative to traditional kidney transplantation.
The event brings together 60 elementary-age students from Dallas-area schools and 30 trained chemistry volunteers for an afternoon of hands-on WonderScience activities. The activities are linked to the National Science Education Standards, fostering long-term commitment to science literacy among young participants.
Research finds that areas with trees and grass support creative forms of play and encourage adult supervision, leading to improved child development.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found adenovirus in 71.4% of autopsied hearts from patients with viral myocarditis, a condition previously attributed to Coxsackie B enterovirus. The study suggests adenovirus and enteroviruses may work together to cause this condition.
A longitudinal brain imaging study found progressive abnormal brain development in schizophrenia, particularly enlarged ventricles and reduced total cerebral volume. This may provide insights into the risk factors and neurodevelopmental abnormalities involved in the disorder.
A recent study found that children whose parents are obese have a significantly higher chance of becoming obese adults. The research examined over 800 young adults and showed that having an obese parent more than doubles the risk of obesity, while having normal-weight parents reduces the risk.
A new study found that 69% of babywalker-related injuries occurred in spite of adult supervision. Infant mobility is too great for young children to control, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. Researchers advocate for stricter standards on babywalker design to prevent further accidents.
Researchers found that Respiratory Sincytial Virus (RSV) affects previously healthy adults, leading to misdiagnoses and delayed treatment. The study highlights the importance of routine RSV testing in hospitals to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and ensure accurate diagnosis.
Infants as young as 20 weeks old can produce three common vowel sounds by analyzing parentese, a unique form of speech used to communicate with babies. This study shows that parentese is characterized by over-articulation, making vowel sounds more distinct and expanding their range.
A new study published by the American Heart Association found that immune globulin injections enabled nine out of ten critically ill patients with damaged hearts to recover without heart transplants. The treatment has shown great promise in treating acute cardiomyopathy, a condition affecting up to 50,000 adults each year.
A study comparing day care and non-day care groups found that families with access to day care reported higher well-being and lower stress levels. The program provided cost-efficient support, enabling caregivers to continue employment while caring for loved ones.
Researchers at Duke University found that small amounts of alcohol can inhibit learning and memory in young rats, while having little effect on adult brains. The study suggests that as little as two drinks could cause significant damage to a young person's brain, reinforcing the need for legal bans on under-age drinking.