Articles tagged with Adults
Researchers studied over 500 pairs of twins, finding that changes in gene expression between ages 14 and 18 accounted for up to one-third of the blood pressure variation by age 18. Novel genetic influences emerged during this period, suggesting new genes play a role in regulating blood pressure.
Researchers have developed a hand-held device that enables people with disabilities, including autism and Down's syndrome, to communicate using barcodes. The B.A. Bar has been shown to be more effective than simple pictures in helping users learn to speak and become more independent.
Researchers discovered significant variations in enzyme expression between adults and children, impacting drug treatment effectiveness. Enzyme levels change dramatically during early life stages, affecting individual susceptibility to drug reactions.
A significant majority of ELBW young adults have overcome earlier difficulties to become functional members of society. The study found no statistically significant differences in education achieved or employment status between ELBW and NBW participants at young adulthood.
A new study by Florida State University researchers suggests that depression is a lifelong parent trap. The study found that no type of parent reports less depression than non-parents, and certain types of parenting have higher levels of depression. Parents living with minor children tend to have the least symptoms of depression.
A study by McMaster University found that extremely low birth-weight infants are achieving similar levels of education, employment, and independence as normal birth-weight infants by young adulthood. The study's results show no statistically significant differences in these areas between the two groups.
A study by Dartmouth researchers found significant brain changes after age 18, indicating that human maturity may set in later than traditionally thought. The study tracked brain development in college freshmen and compared them to older students.
The Munduruküul community in Brazil shows competence with basic concepts of topology, Euclidean geometry, and geometrical figures, even children as young as six years old performed well. The study suggests that core geometrical knowledge is a universal constituent of the human mind, independent of formal education or cultural devices.
Young adults in the US exhibit declining healthy behaviors, such as regular exercise, healthy diet, and reduced substance use, between adolescence and early adulthood. This trend is particularly concerning given the high rates of smoking, obesity, and alcohol abuse leading to preventable deaths.
A survey of 14,000 young people found that health indicators worsen with age, except for mental health and exposure to violence, which improve. Disparities increased across all racial and ethnic groups, with significant declines in health from adolescence to young adulthood.
A study of 2,805 US workers found that 1.8% have consumed alcohol before work and 7.1% drink during the day, with men and younger workers more affected. Most workplace alcohol use is infrequent, but its impact on productivity and safety is significant.
A landmark study published in JAMA found that children fare better than adults in surviving pulseless cardiac arrests with over 27% of children and 18% of adults surviving hospital discharge. The research, based on data from the National Registry of CPR, also highlights a need for refining emergency cardiovascular care procedures.
Researchers found that hospital caregivers need to tailor their resuscitations to a patient's situation, with respiratory failure more common than arrhythmia in adults. The study suggests that CPR may succeed more often than physicians believe, leading to better survival rates and neurological outcomes for children and adults.
Researchers have found evidence of neuron growth in adult brains, particularly in dendrites, which could lead to new treatments for diseases like paralysis. The study's findings suggest that using neurons can stimulate growth, providing a potential approach to enhancing brain plasticity and improving functional outcomes.
A large-scale study found that nearly 7.5 million adolescents and 8.5 million adults have poor cardiovascular fitness, associated with increased risk of heart disease. The prevalence of poor fitness was higher in females and minority groups, highlighting the need for targeted education campaigns to promote physical activity.
A study found that young adults who did not attend college have high levels of hazardous alcohol use, similar to those of their college-educated peers. Men with a college degree experienced the greatest increase in at-risk drinking, while women with no formal education had the highest levels of consumption and drunkenness.
Researchers found that teenage children of mothers who drank one or more drinks a day had a twofold risk of problem drinking in young adulthood. Maternal depression and early teenage behavior increased the risk of alcohol disorders in young adults.
A study of rhesus macaque monkeys found that individual activity levels are highly variable, regardless of living space, and tend to remain consistent over time. The research suggests that changing one's activity level is difficult due to genetic factors.
A study found that living in close-knit neighborhoods with strong adult supervision can delay early sexual experiences among teens. The results suggest that good neighbor relations play a crucial role in preventing risky behavior, especially for those with limited parental supervision.
A retrospective study found that Finnish children who had coronary heart disease as adults were born small, thin at age 2, and gained weight rapidly. These growth patterns were linked to insulin resistance later in life, a known risk factor for coronary heart disease.
A recent study found that nearly one in five depressed African-American participants developed a disability within two years of enrolling, compared to one in twenty non-depressed peers. Chronic conditions and functional limitations also played a significant role in the excess disability incidence related to depression.
Researchers developed a technique to predict adult height in children using factors like age, sex, weight, and growth maturity level. The method accurately predicted final heights within specific ranges for boys and girls, offering a valid tool for caregivers to assess their child's growth.
Researchers found that adult males who experienced pheromones during critical periods exhibited dominance over young males, even if they never encountered them again. The study suggests a key role for chemical signals in shaping fruit flies' behavior.
The Lancet seminar highlights the need for collaboration between nursing, dietetic, and physical-activity experts to develop novel ways to tackle obesity. The medical profession is waking up to the political and industrial challenges of obesity, but more needs to be done to address its management and prevention.
Halloween is a festival of inversion where children turn traditional roles upside down, dressing up in grown-up costumes and demanding treats from adults. Cindy Dell Clark's research highlights how the holiday exposes young children to their fears when they encounter death-themed decorations.
Long-term Afghan refugees experience a high incidence of injuries, with falls, assaults, and road traffic accidents being common causes. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating injury-prevention research into refugee health care programs to address this critical public health issue.
A new study by Aviva Must and colleagues found that childhood obesity is a significant predictor of adult weight, rather than early menarche. The research used data from the Newton Girls Study and found that overweight girls mature earlier, but this does not predispose them to be overweight as adults.
A recent study published in The Gerontologist found that obesity has a significant impact on disability among adults aged 70+, but not on their overall life expectancy. The research, which analyzed data from over 7,000 seniors, suggests that obesity can reduce active years and increase disabled years, but does not affect mortality rate...
Identical twins who differed in social class had significantly higher blood pressure and LDL cholesterol levels compared to their professional counterparts. In contrast, educational attainment differences did not impact health status. This study provides insight into the additional effect of adult experiences on adult health.
Research found that children born full term but weighing less than 5.5 lbs had a 50% increased risk of psychological distress in later life, regardless of childhood factors. The study suggests that early factors before birth may be important in increasing vulnerability to depression in adult life.
A recent study reveals that knowledge of the Tuskegee Study is less important than negative interactions with healthcare systems in fueling mistrust among African-Americans. The study found significant racial disparities in mistrust, with black participants more likely to believe a similar study could occur today.
A new report by Eirini Flouri and Heather Joshi finds that children from lower social classes are more likely to exhibit irritability, while women are more likely to report persistent anger in adulthood. Anger levels decrease with age, but being single in mid-life is associated with increased anger. The study also suggests that childho...
A recent study published in Appetite found that preschool children aged 4-6 consume more food when served larger portions, regardless of their previous meal size. The researchers monitored the food intake of 16 children over five days and discovered that increased snack offerings also contributed to higher total daily calorie consumption.
A life impact study found that adults with childhood onset ankylosing spondylitis experience more serious physical deformity and work-related disability than those who develop the disease as adults. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve symptoms and prevent long-term effects.
Researchers discovered that children begin incorporating brands into their self-concepts around age 10. As they move into adolescence, these connections evolve qualitatively, reflecting shared personality traits and user characteristics.
Researchers found that disabling a specific gene in fruit flies causes premature maturation, leading to small and misshapen adults. This study provides insight into the genetic mechanisms controlling human development from childhood to adolescence.
Adults with ADHD experience significant financial losses due to lower educational attainment and achievement, as well as difficulties in the workplace. The study found that adults with ADHD had an average loss of $8,900 to $15,400 per year in household income.
This study found that adult lifestyle and body size were more important determinants of bone health at age 49-51 than early childhood factors. Adult weight was particularly significant for women, accounting for 25% of the variation in BMD. Increasing numbers of pregnancies lowered hip BMD in women, while vitamin C intake was associated...
A Queen's University study found that judges correctly identify child liars at only slightly above chance levels and perform better than law students. The research also shows that defence lawyers often ask inappropriate questions to children, leaving them at a disadvantage.
Research reveals children's increasing recognition of emotional satisfaction from following rules and considering future consequences. By age 7, kids acknowledge that willpower makes people feel good, even if they don't get what they want.
A new study found that adults performed better remembering pictures of imaginary animals than real cats. The researchers suggest that some types of memory may be enhanced when people approach a subject with a child-like sense of naïveté. The ability to categorize can lead to problems such as stereotypes and ignoring individual details.
Research finds that prenatal exposure to increased or decreased levels of nutrition leads to an increased risk of obesity in postnatal life. The study shows that the fetus has a functional capacity for regulating its appetite, which can be influenced by signals of nutritional status.
Young canaries learn atypical songs but recast them into adult canary syntax as they mature. As they approach sexual maturity, rules interfere with the freedom of youth, leading to a reprogramming of their songs.
Research found that prenatal cocaine exposure increases heart vulnerability to ischaemia/reperfusion injury in late adult life, with male hearts being more susceptible. Fetal programming by cocaine abuse and hypoxia also contribute to lifelong cardiovascular consequences.
Researchers found that women born in March reached menopause at under 49 years, while those born in October waited over 50 years for it to happen. The study suggests prenatal environmental factors can affect a baby's adult life and reproductive health.
A national study found that 80% of US adults would pay an extra $3-$6 per month for health insurance to cover newly recommended vaccines. This trend has left millions underinsured, but the study suggests innovative ways to structure plans to improve coverage.
A telephone survey found that celebrity endorsements increased awareness and likelihood of certain cancer screenings, including mammography, PSA testing, and sigmoidoscopy. The study highlights the complex decision-making process around cancer screening, suggesting a need for celebrities to inform rather than persuade the public.
Researchers investigated neural activity associated with infant sleep states in rats using techniques such as neural recording and microlesioning. The study found striking parallels between the active sleep of week-old rats and conventional definitions of adult sleep, indicating a developmental continuity between infancy and adulthood.
Rats exposed to alcohol during brain development show altered circadian rhythms, affecting sleep-wake cycles and behavior. The findings have implications for understanding Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and the efficacy of chronotherapeutic treatments.
A study on twin pairs found that environmental influences play a role in shaping religiousness during childhood, but a stronger genetic influence emerges in adulthood. Like other personality traits, adult religiousness is heritable, indicating that an individual's faith can be influenced by their genetic makeup.
A study by D.N. Tatakis and colleagues found that individuals with lip piercings had significantly more gum recession compared to those without piercings, with an average depth of double the control group. Increased time of wear was also linked to a higher prevalence of gum recession in pierced individuals.
A new book explores how changing social and economic conditions are reshaping the transition to adulthood, with many young people not completing key milestones until their 30s. The authors argue that institutions and policies need to be revamped to provide stronger support for vulnerable groups.
A University of Pittsburgh study documents an increase in genital herpes infections linked to receptive oral sex and vaginal intercourse. The risk is higher among young women, who are increasingly susceptible to HSV-1 infection due to a decline in childhood cases.
As millions of children with special health-care needs turn 18, researchers warn of a culture clash between pediatric and adult medicine. The influx is putting pressure on healthcare systems, with patients facing difficulties in receiving adequate pain relief and accessing comprehensive care.
A study of over 4,500 Finnish men found that boys taller between birth and 1 year had higher earnings in adulthood. Those who grew slowly as infants were less likely to achieve higher education levels, suggesting a link between physical growth and economic outcomes.
Researchers found that children are more likely to disagree with biasing questions than non-biasing ones. Children who have already agreed with a question tend to continue agreeing, while those who disagreed may be asked more biased follow-up questions.
According to research, the average toll of US road deaths is highest on July 4th, with alcohol involvement increasing on this day compared to other days. The analysis also found that New Year's Day and Saturdays are associated with higher numbers of fatalities, highlighting the importance of vigilance during peak hours.
Researchers study visitors to ESPN Zone Chicago to understand the impact of sports-related bombardment on consumers. The study highlights the blending of reality and fantasy, and the role of video screens in creating a spectacular experience.
A long-term study of children who received a social development program in elementary school found that they were more likely to graduate from high school, complete college, and have fewer mental health problems. The results suggest that early intervention can set a positive developmental trajectory into adulthood.
Children who received the full intervention were significantly more likely to graduate from high school (91% vs. 81%) and complete two or more years of college (14% vs. 6%). They also reported better emotional regulation, fewer thoughts about suicide, and improved job longevity.