Research on adult health and behavior. Covers suicide risk, regulated psilocybin, alcohol and cannabis use, and family and life choices.
Researchers found that infants learned to avoid copying actions when an adult expressed anger towards them, but eagerly copied when the adult was neutral. Infants also adjusted their behavior based on whether they could see the angry adult after they left.
A survey found significant variation in the use of captopril, an adult heart drug, in children with congenital heart failure across the UK. The discrepancies may lead to ineffective treatment and increased risk for children.
Frank Slack studies genetic switches controlling development and aging, while Sandra Wolin investigates RNA damage contributing to senescence and neurodegenerative diseases. Both researchers aim to improve understanding of aging processes.
A long-term study at MU found that individuals from alcoholic homes retain higher levels of neuroticism and psychoticism, increasing the risk of alcohol dependency. The researchers monitored participants' personality traits over two decades, revealing a decrease in emotional stability for those with family histories of alcoholism.
A survey of 1,308 Florida adults found that 80% opposed abolishing the juvenile justice system, with nearly 40% strongly opposed. The study suggests that public opinion supports a child-centered approach to juvenile justice, emphasizing rehabilitation over punishment.
A University of Oregon study found that young men with no trauma history are the least likely population to believe a person's recounting of child sexual abuse. The study also found that males with high sexism beliefs tend to deny harm in such incidents, contributing to a culture of disbelief.
A study spanning 25 years found that early attachment experiences influence adult emotional expression and relationship dynamics. Secure infants tend to form closer friendships and express emotions more effectively in adulthood.
Children born with low birth weight are more likely to develop depression and social dysfunction if they experience child abuse, according to a recent study. The study found that those who suffered both low birth weight and child abuse had significantly poorer outcomes than those who experienced either adversity alone.
A new study found congenital heart disease prevalence increased by 85% in adults and 22% in children between 1985 and 2000. Most heart defects cause blood to flow through the heart in an abnormal way or obstruct blood flow, leading to a major public health problem.
Researchers discovered that Onthophagus horned beetles use their young horns to bust out of thick larval shells, a function previously unknown. The finding suggests that the evolution of adult horn shape may have occurred secondarily, with the initial function being for larval molting.
A new study by USC researchers reveals that baby boomer adults are more committed to caregiving their aging parents than their parents were. Adult children's sense of duty towards parents has strengthened over time, contradicting the popular notion of a declining family institution.
A recent study by Yale University researchers highlights substantial global health inequalities influenced by economic, social, and health-sector variables. Countries with low income and high mortality rates have lower investment in human and physical resources, more health risks, and worse educational outcomes.
The study reveals substantial global health inequalities influenced by geography, with countries like sub-Saharan Africa and Afghanistan facing higher child mortality rates. The authors found a four-fold difference in poverty levels and less investment in human resources between these countries and their low-mortality counterparts.
A national survey found that 80.4% of participants supported comprehensive sex education programs, while 39% believed abstinence-only programs were effective. The study also revealed strong support for condom instruction among most respondents, regardless of political affiliation or religious behavior.
A new study by the University of Illinois found that faith-based youth groups provide the highest rates of personal and interpersonal growth experiences for teens, compared to sports, performance and fine arts groups, academic clubs, and community-oriented activities. The study surveyed over 2,000 eleventh graders and found that teens ...
A recent study found that victims of childhood abuse tend to transfer their feelings towards their abusive parent to new people, leading to negative reactions. This 'transference' can affect adult relationships and highlight the importance of understanding the long-term impact of childhood trauma.
Researchers found that children with dilated cardiomyopathy are at the same risk of sudden cardiac death and need transplants as adults, with around 70% surviving past one year. The study identified myocarditis as a common cause of pediatric DCM, and infants were more likely to develop the condition.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting affects one out of three patients after surgery, leading to patient dissatisfaction, longer hospital stays, and prolonged recovery. New guidelines incorporate antiemetics and a simple four-point scoring system for identifying high-risk patients.
Research by Christina Ting Fong found that emotionally ambivalent workers perform better on creativity tasks, as they interpret mixed emotions as a signal to draw upon creative thinking abilities. Managers can leverage this by maintaining odd working environments, similar to companies like IDEO and Disney.
A recent study found that adults infected with the common cold virus easily transferred the virus to 35% of surfaces touched, and even to an uninfected person by fingertips 18 hours after initial contamination. The virus was also found on a third of objects and surfaces in hotel rooms.
Researchers found that most multi-racial adolescents change their reported racial category over time, with some identities, like Native-American, being more fluid. This challenges common assumptions about race and its stability, highlighting the need for nuanced measurements in social sciences and government analyses.
Researchers analyzed branching morphogenesis in lung, kidney and mammary glands, shedding light on organ development and implications for human health. The study's findings have significant implications for genetic manipulation and virtual reconstruction of organogenesis.
Research suggests that social isolation in childhood is linked to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and poorer adult health outcomes. Even after adjusting for established risk factors, socially isolated children were more likely to be unhealthy adults with increased cardiovascular risk factors.
Sixty-two percent of Hispanic adults were uninsured, with three-quarters having no health insurance due to low income. Uninsured rates for African Americans are also high, with one-third experiencing gaps in coverage during the year. These disparities affect access to care and confidence in managing health problems.
Researchers have improved screening for Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among substance users, enabling timely treatment and better recovery from addiction. The study uses the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) to facilitate accurate diagnosis and targeted interventions.
A small study found that starting exercise after 40 can significantly cut the chances of developing coronary artery disease. Those who exercised throughout their lives had the lowest risks, but those who started later were still around 55% less likely to be diagnosed with heart disease.
A study published in PLOS Biology found that zebra finch siblings reared on lower-quality diets showed improved growth rates after switching to a normal diet, but at the cost of impaired learning performance. Compensatory growth, rather than diet quality itself, was linked to poor cognitive ability in adulthood.
A cohort of over 138,000 adults in Denmark found that those living alone have a twofold increased risk of severe angina and heart attack. Poor education, pension, age, and social isolation are key factors contributing to this increased risk.
A new study found that non-Hispanic blacks have the best hearing thresholds among three major ethnic groups in the US, with Mexican Americans falling in between. The median hearing levels of U.S. adults have not changed significantly since the early 1970s, despite increased noise sources.
Young adults are the fastest growing group of uninsured, with nearly 14 million lacking health coverage. They face significant health and financial risks, including delayed or foregone medical care due to cost concerns.
Adults who survived childhood cancer are twice as likely to be unemployed than those without a history of childhood cancer. Those treated for brain or central nervous system tumors face a particularly high risk, while blood-cell and bone marrow cancer survivors experience an elevated but non-significant risk.
Researchers have discovered a dichotomy in sea turtle migration patterns in the eastern Atlantic, revealing two distinct foraging strategies. The study found that adult turtles occupy different habitats and diets, with coastal adults being larger and feeding on arthropods, while oceanic adults are smaller and feed on floating plants.
A recent study found that witnessing intimate partner violence as a child does not increase the risk of becoming a victim of IPV as an adult. Adult Child Witnesses were more likely to be less than 40 years old, have lower incomes, and have been abused as children.
A seven-year study tracked changes in psychological well-being among 18-25 year olds, finding that young adults experience improved mental health over time. The research also revealed that women close the gap with men in terms of depressive symptoms and self-esteem by age 25.
Two unique soybean lines (PI 567476 and PI 603570A) have been identified that do not contain the leading allergy-causing P34 protein. These naturally occurring genetic mutations eliminate the protein's potential to trigger allergies, offering hope for reducing soy allergies.
Researchers at the University of Washington discovered a regulatory gene named broad that is necessary for insect metamorphosis. The study shows that the broad gene regulates the nymphal stage in lower insects, equivalent to the pupal stage of advanced insects like butterflies.
A new survey reveals that one in five working-age adults is paying off medical debt, while nearly two-thirds of those with chronic illnesses skip medications due to cost. The uninsured are also more likely to go without preventive care, screenings, and regular doctors, exacerbating existing health problems.
A recent study published in the Public Library of Science Biology found that brain region IPS is activated when both four-year-olds and adults perceive numerical quantities. The researchers used fMRI to image blood flow in brain regions reflecting activity, revealing a similar neural basis for basic math skills in children and adults.
Researchers used fMRI to show that a brain region called the intraparietal sulcus is activated when both four-year-olds and adults perceive numerical quantities. The study suggests that basic math skills are laid down early in development and continue to process mathematical information into adulthood.
A UC Berkeley study found that children born with high levels of in utero arsenic exposure have a significantly higher risk of developing lung diseases such as bronchiectasis and lung cancer. The study, which analyzed death certificates from Chilean cities, revealed a 46 times higher death rate from bronchiectasis and seven times highe...
Researchers studied over 500 pairs of twins, finding that changes in gene expression between ages 14 and 18 accounted for up to one-third of the blood pressure variation by age 18. Novel genetic influences emerged during this period, suggesting new genes play a role in regulating blood pressure.
Researchers have developed a hand-held device that enables people with disabilities, including autism and Down's syndrome, to communicate using barcodes. The B.A. Bar has been shown to be more effective than simple pictures in helping users learn to speak and become more independent.
Researchers discovered significant variations in enzyme expression between adults and children, impacting drug treatment effectiveness. Enzyme levels change dramatically during early life stages, affecting individual susceptibility to drug reactions.
A significant majority of ELBW young adults have overcome earlier difficulties to become functional members of society. The study found no statistically significant differences in education achieved or employment status between ELBW and NBW participants at young adulthood.
A new study by Florida State University researchers suggests that depression is a lifelong parent trap. The study found that no type of parent reports less depression than non-parents, and certain types of parenting have higher levels of depression. Parents living with minor children tend to have the least symptoms of depression.
A study by McMaster University found that extremely low birth-weight infants are achieving similar levels of education, employment, and independence as normal birth-weight infants by young adulthood. The study's results show no statistically significant differences in these areas between the two groups.
A study by Dartmouth researchers found significant brain changes after age 18, indicating that human maturity may set in later than traditionally thought. The study tracked brain development in college freshmen and compared them to older students.
The Munduruküul community in Brazil shows competence with basic concepts of topology, Euclidean geometry, and geometrical figures, even children as young as six years old performed well. The study suggests that core geometrical knowledge is a universal constituent of the human mind, independent of formal education or cultural devices.
A survey of 14,000 young people found that health indicators worsen with age, except for mental health and exposure to violence, which improve. Disparities increased across all racial and ethnic groups, with significant declines in health from adolescence to young adulthood.
Young adults in the US exhibit declining healthy behaviors, such as regular exercise, healthy diet, and reduced substance use, between adolescence and early adulthood. This trend is particularly concerning given the high rates of smoking, obesity, and alcohol abuse leading to preventable deaths.
A study of 2,805 US workers found that 1.8% have consumed alcohol before work and 7.1% drink during the day, with men and younger workers more affected. Most workplace alcohol use is infrequent, but its impact on productivity and safety is significant.
A landmark study published in JAMA found that children fare better than adults in surviving pulseless cardiac arrests with over 27% of children and 18% of adults surviving hospital discharge. The research, based on data from the National Registry of CPR, also highlights a need for refining emergency cardiovascular care procedures.
Researchers found that hospital caregivers need to tailor their resuscitations to a patient's situation, with respiratory failure more common than arrhythmia in adults. The study suggests that CPR may succeed more often than physicians believe, leading to better survival rates and neurological outcomes for children and adults.
Researchers have found evidence of neuron growth in adult brains, particularly in dendrites, which could lead to new treatments for diseases like paralysis. The study's findings suggest that using neurons can stimulate growth, providing a potential approach to enhancing brain plasticity and improving functional outcomes.
A large-scale study found that nearly 7.5 million adolescents and 8.5 million adults have poor cardiovascular fitness, associated with increased risk of heart disease. The prevalence of poor fitness was higher in females and minority groups, highlighting the need for targeted education campaigns to promote physical activity.
A study found that young adults who did not attend college have high levels of hazardous alcohol use, similar to those of their college-educated peers. Men with a college degree experienced the greatest increase in at-risk drinking, while women with no formal education had the highest levels of consumption and drunkenness.
Researchers found that teenage children of mothers who drank one or more drinks a day had a twofold risk of problem drinking in young adulthood. Maternal depression and early teenage behavior increased the risk of alcohol disorders in young adults.
A study of rhesus macaque monkeys found that individual activity levels are highly variable, regardless of living space, and tend to remain consistent over time. The research suggests that changing one's activity level is difficult due to genetic factors.
A study found that living in close-knit neighborhoods with strong adult supervision can delay early sexual experiences among teens. The results suggest that good neighbor relations play a crucial role in preventing risky behavior, especially for those with limited parental supervision.
A retrospective study found that Finnish children who had coronary heart disease as adults were born small, thin at age 2, and gained weight rapidly. These growth patterns were linked to insulin resistance later in life, a known risk factor for coronary heart disease.