Articles tagged with Adults
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered that children begin incorporating brands into their self-concepts around age 10. As they move into adolescence, these connections evolve qualitatively, reflecting shared personality traits and user characteristics.
Researchers found that disabling a specific gene in fruit flies causes premature maturation, leading to small and misshapen adults. This study provides insight into the genetic mechanisms controlling human development from childhood to adolescence.
Adults with ADHD experience significant financial losses due to lower educational attainment and achievement, as well as difficulties in the workplace. The study found that adults with ADHD had an average loss of $8,900 to $15,400 per year in household income.
This study found that adult lifestyle and body size were more important determinants of bone health at age 49-51 than early childhood factors. Adult weight was particularly significant for women, accounting for 25% of the variation in BMD. Increasing numbers of pregnancies lowered hip BMD in women, while vitamin C intake was associated...
A Queen's University study found that judges correctly identify child liars at only slightly above chance levels and perform better than law students. The research also shows that defence lawyers often ask inappropriate questions to children, leaving them at a disadvantage.
Research reveals children's increasing recognition of emotional satisfaction from following rules and considering future consequences. By age 7, kids acknowledge that willpower makes people feel good, even if they don't get what they want.
A new study found that adults performed better remembering pictures of imaginary animals than real cats. The researchers suggest that some types of memory may be enhanced when people approach a subject with a child-like sense of naïveté. The ability to categorize can lead to problems such as stereotypes and ignoring individual details.
Research finds that prenatal exposure to increased or decreased levels of nutrition leads to an increased risk of obesity in postnatal life. The study shows that the fetus has a functional capacity for regulating its appetite, which can be influenced by signals of nutritional status.
Young canaries learn atypical songs but recast them into adult canary syntax as they mature. As they approach sexual maturity, rules interfere with the freedom of youth, leading to a reprogramming of their songs.
Research found that prenatal cocaine exposure increases heart vulnerability to ischaemia/reperfusion injury in late adult life, with male hearts being more susceptible. Fetal programming by cocaine abuse and hypoxia also contribute to lifelong cardiovascular consequences.
Researchers found that women born in March reached menopause at under 49 years, while those born in October waited over 50 years for it to happen. The study suggests prenatal environmental factors can affect a baby's adult life and reproductive health.
A national study found that 80% of US adults would pay an extra $3-$6 per month for health insurance to cover newly recommended vaccines. This trend has left millions underinsured, but the study suggests innovative ways to structure plans to improve coverage.
A telephone survey found that celebrity endorsements increased awareness and likelihood of certain cancer screenings, including mammography, PSA testing, and sigmoidoscopy. The study highlights the complex decision-making process around cancer screening, suggesting a need for celebrities to inform rather than persuade the public.
Researchers investigated neural activity associated with infant sleep states in rats using techniques such as neural recording and microlesioning. The study found striking parallels between the active sleep of week-old rats and conventional definitions of adult sleep, indicating a developmental continuity between infancy and adulthood.
Rats exposed to alcohol during brain development show altered circadian rhythms, affecting sleep-wake cycles and behavior. The findings have implications for understanding Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and the efficacy of chronotherapeutic treatments.
A study on twin pairs found that environmental influences play a role in shaping religiousness during childhood, but a stronger genetic influence emerges in adulthood. Like other personality traits, adult religiousness is heritable, indicating that an individual's faith can be influenced by their genetic makeup.
A study by D.N. Tatakis and colleagues found that individuals with lip piercings had significantly more gum recession compared to those without piercings, with an average depth of double the control group. Increased time of wear was also linked to a higher prevalence of gum recession in pierced individuals.
A new book explores how changing social and economic conditions are reshaping the transition to adulthood, with many young people not completing key milestones until their 30s. The authors argue that institutions and policies need to be revamped to provide stronger support for vulnerable groups.
A University of Pittsburgh study documents an increase in genital herpes infections linked to receptive oral sex and vaginal intercourse. The risk is higher among young women, who are increasingly susceptible to HSV-1 infection due to a decline in childhood cases.
As millions of children with special health-care needs turn 18, researchers warn of a culture clash between pediatric and adult medicine. The influx is putting pressure on healthcare systems, with patients facing difficulties in receiving adequate pain relief and accessing comprehensive care.
A study of over 4,500 Finnish men found that boys taller between birth and 1 year had higher earnings in adulthood. Those who grew slowly as infants were less likely to achieve higher education levels, suggesting a link between physical growth and economic outcomes.
Researchers found that children are more likely to disagree with biasing questions than non-biasing ones. Children who have already agreed with a question tend to continue agreeing, while those who disagreed may be asked more biased follow-up questions.
According to research, the average toll of US road deaths is highest on July 4th, with alcohol involvement increasing on this day compared to other days. The analysis also found that New Year's Day and Saturdays are associated with higher numbers of fatalities, highlighting the importance of vigilance during peak hours.
Researchers study visitors to ESPN Zone Chicago to understand the impact of sports-related bombardment on consumers. The study highlights the blending of reality and fantasy, and the role of video screens in creating a spectacular experience.
Children who received the full intervention were significantly more likely to graduate from high school (91% vs. 81%) and complete two or more years of college (14% vs. 6%). They also reported better emotional regulation, fewer thoughts about suicide, and improved job longevity.
A long-term study of children who received a social development program in elementary school found that they were more likely to graduate from high school, complete college, and have fewer mental health problems. The results suggest that early intervention can set a positive developmental trajectory into adulthood.
A 15-year study found that eating at fast-food restaurants more than twice a week is associated with significant weight gain and increased insulin resistance. The study highlights the importance of healthy eating habits to mitigate these risks.
Researchers at Saint Louis University discovered a new flu vaccine solution that uses lower doses in younger adults, which could stretch the nation's vaccine supply by up to 2.5 times. This innovative approach involves administering the vaccine intradermally, between the layers of skin, rather than through a traditional muscle injection.
A new study by Professor Faye Mishna explores the complexities surrounding bullying, finding that children's perspectives often differ from those of parents and educators. The research highlights the importance of validating a child's distress even if the situation is not considered bullying.
A new study finds that adult dyslexics can improve their reading skills with a phonological intervention program, revealing potential for late-life literacy gains. The brain scans also showed activity changes in specific regions, including the right hemisphere, as a way to compensate for deficiencies.
Research reveals that adult dyslexics can improve visual and auditory reading skills through intensive training, accompanied by increased brain activity in specific regions.
A nationwide study found that only 36% of teenagers achieved moderate to vigorous physical activity weekly, and only 4.4% maintained this level into adulthood. This decline in physical activity contributes to the rising burden of obesity and related health issues in the US.
Research suggests reproductive hormones like estradiol affect the brain's growth and development, influencing cognitive functions such as learning and memory. Estradiol has complex interactions with these processes, differing between males and females, and may help explain gender differences in cognition and mental diseases.
The influenza vaccine faces production challenges, with Chiron's manufacturing troubles affecting UK and US supplies. To mitigate this, manufacturers are diversifying their output to ensure vaccination for high-risk groups is maintained.
A study found that Mexican-born Hispanics returning to Mexico experience lower mortality rates, adding up to five to eight years of extra life expectancy at age 45. The analysis suggests that return migration is a key factor in this anomaly.
Research on the 1970 British Cohort Study found that middle childhood development significantly affects adult outcomes. Children's relative cognitive ability changes between ages 5 and 10 are crucial, as those who 'escape' their initial performance tend to have better life chances and reduced risk of negative adult outcomes.
Researchers analyzed the same children's respiratory health at age 18, when lungs are almost completely mature, and found nearly five times more likely to have clinically low lung function in smoggy communities compared to low-pollution sites.
The SonoPrep device uses ultrasonic energy to make skin more permeable, allowing for painless treatment with lidocaine cream, reducing wait time from one hour to five minutes. The technology has potential applications in various medical procedures and may lead to further innovations like glucose-sensing devices.
The traditional definition of adulthood is shifting, with education, employment, and financial independence becoming key markers. Researchers found that it takes longer for young adults to become self-sufficient, with many living in their parents' homes or requiring financial assistance from their families.
A new study found that children can beat most adults on recognition memory tests when using similarity-based induction, whereas adults use category-based induction which hinders their memory accuracy. The study shows that children's high memory accuracy is due to their ability to compare similarities between pictures.
A new study uses virtual reality to safely study children's ability to cross busy roads, revealing that kids leave less time between themselves and oncoming cars than adults. The findings suggest mistakes in judging traffic gaps may be a significant risk factor in car/bicycle collisions.
The UK House of Lords amendment ignores evidence linking corporal punishment to aggressive behavior, mental illness, and child abuse. The editorial argues that children worldwide have the right to be protected from fear of physical abuse and receive access to proper healthcare.
A new study by Michigan Medicine suggests that insured individuals are willing to make sacrifices to help cover the costs of the uninsured. When given the opportunity to discuss their concerns and priorities in a group setting, many participants chose to cover both adults and children, with 76% opting for some form of coverage. The res...
A nationwide survey found that approximately 11 million people in the US have food allergies, with shellfish being the most commonly reported severe allergy in adults. The study also revealed that seafood allergies often begin later in life, with a prevalence of at least 2.5% among adults and 0.8% among children.
A study by Newcastle University found that adult smokers are more likely to experience tooth loss. Adults from disadvantaged social backgrounds also suffered from oral health problems. The research suggests that public health interventions should target adults as well, in addition to children.
New data from 1999-2002 shows no decline in childhood overweight and adult obesity rates, with 65.1% of adults aged 20+ being overweight or obese. The prevalence of extreme obesity also remains unchanged.
A recent Emory University study found that adults with better mental health have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Only 17% of the sample met full mental health criteria, highlighting the need for healthcare professionals to consider mental well-being in treating patients with heart conditions.
A recent survey conducted by Harris Interactive found that Americans hold engineers in high regard, with 77% of respondents believing they contribute to strong economic growth and national security. The survey also revealed that engineers are widely respected for their ability to make a positive contribution to society.
A study found that rectal artesunate significantly reduced parasite concentrations by over one-third in both children and adults. Early administration of this treatment may help reduce malaria-related morbidity and mortality, particularly in rural communities with limited healthcare access.
A survey of adults reveals long-term consequences of ADHD, including lower educational achievement, relationship instability, and higher rates of stress, depression, and substance abuse. Adults with ADHD are also more likely to experience negative self-image and engage in harmful behaviors.
A recent study found that acute diverticulitis occurs as often in younger age groups as older adults, with frequent severity in both. The disease may become a greater health problem if it starts developing at an earlier age, leading to more recurrent attacks and surgical resection.
A study found that lifetime exposure to adversity is associated with an increased risk of developing depressive or anxiety disorders in young adults. The researchers analyzed data from 1,803 interviews and found that the level of adversity was a significant predictor of these disorders.
In a groundbreaking study, Robert Sapolsky and Lisa Share found evidence of a pacific culture among wild olive baboons in Kenya, where males became less aggressive after an outbreak of TB. This unique cultural tradition suggests that females may play a key role in regulating male behavior.
A new study, led by experts at the University of Rochester Medical Center, explores the effects of environmental agents and toxins on children's health. The report highlights the significant knowledge gap in understanding how environmental factors affect children compared to adults.
A new study explores whether children seeking object names actually desire the object's function, not just its label. Children given functional information seemed more satisfied with the response, suggesting they can distinguish between superficial classification and deeper understanding.
Researchers found that adiponectin may be a key player in determining true risk of heart disease in obese children. The study showed lower adiponectin levels in obese children, who also had higher inflammation markers and cholesterol levels, indicating a potential 'footprint' for heart disease.
A UK MP emphasizes the need to increase teenage participation in cancer clinical trials to improve survival rates. Currently, many teenagers face lengthy travel distances for treatment at specialized units, often exceeding 200 miles from their homes.
Research by Susan Goldin-Meadow found that adults develop a syntax similar to deaf children's gesture systems when communicating through hand gestures. The study suggests that the order of gestures reflects a more fundamental property of human thought, independent of communication.
A significant demographic shift has occurred in the US, delaying the transition to adulthood, as youth are combining roles, exploring options, and gaining education to prepare for a demanding labor force. Marriage and family have not been abandoned, but rather postponed until later ages.
A recent study found that the US has the highest prevalence of overweight teenagers among 15 countries, with adolescents aged 13-15 years experiencing significantly high rates of obesity. The study analyzed data from over 29,000 children and adolescents across Europe, Israel, and the US.