Research on adult health and behavior. Covers suicide risk, regulated psilocybin, alcohol and cannabis use, and family and life choices.
A new study reveals three genetic variations that increase the risk of severe obesity in children, with potential for early intervention and prevention. The gene variants may account for up to half of all cases of adult and child obesity.
A new study reveals that economic status in childhood affects the likelihood of obesity in later life for Mexican-American and white women. However, this relationship does not hold true for African-American women. The study found that higher education and income levels are associated with lower obesity rates among Mexican-American women.
Individuals with childhood trauma are six times more likely to develop chronic fatigue syndrome as adults, according to a recent study. Childhood trauma is also associated with neuroendocrine dysfunction and decreased cortisol levels, suggesting a biological pathway that influences adult vulnerability to illness.
A new study from Iowa State University found that early socioeconomic adversity in children contributes to poor mental health by the time they become teens, disrupting their transition into adulthood. The study also shows the mechanisms that this influence operates through.
The study shows that many young adults in their 16-24 age group face emotional turmoil while juggling caring responsibilities with education and personal life. Personal experiences highlight the need for support and awareness to enable these young individuals to succeed.
A recent government survey reveals that 38 percent of U.S. adults and 12 percent of children use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for various health issues. CAM therapies commonly used by adults include herbal supplements, meditation, chiropractic, and acupuncture, while children often rely on nonvitamin, nonmineral product...
Child maltreatment includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, with severe consequences on childhood and adulthood. The authors conclude that child maltreatment is a chronic condition with repeated exposure leading to adverse outcomes.
A new study found that an elementary school intervention program led to improved mental health, sexual health, and economic outcomes in young adults. Participants who received the full intervention showed stronger effects on positive functioning in young adulthood.
A long-term study found that children with lower IQs were more likely to develop psychiatric disorders as adults, including schizophrenia, depression, and generalized anxiety disorder. Lower childhood IQ was also associated with persistent mental disorders and an increased risk of having two or more diagnoses.
A recent study by JAMA Network found that households with adult smokers have lower rates of daily healthy food access compared to non-smoking households. This association is particularly concerning in low-income families, where food insecurity rates are already high.
A recent study published in Journal of Youth and Adolescence found that childhood anxiety and nervousness can protect young men from committing crimes until they turn 21. However, after this age, these traits no longer provide protection, and individuals are more likely to engage in criminal behavior.
A study published in Applied Cognitive Psychology found that conventional photos of smiling, clean children are less effective at aiding the search for missing kids. The researchers suggest showing both 'clean' and 'dirty' pictures to increase recognition chances.
The World Health Organization and Boston University team highlights the urgent need to assess environmental burdens on children's health. Childhood exposure to pollution, toxins, and poor sanitation leads to diseases like diarrheal illnesses, lower respiratory infections, and malaria.
Researchers found BDNF-induced activation of JAK/STAT pathway is crucial for temporal lobe epilepsy development in adult rats. This pathway is also implicated in inflammatory diseases.
A US study found that adults in a poverty-alleviation program with a cash component were more likely to be overweight, obese, and have high blood pressure. The researchers suggest that increased income may lead people to purchase unhealthy foods and drinks.
A study of 115 children with bipolar disorder found that nearly half continued to experience manic episodes as adults and showed similar rates of substance use disorders. The findings support the existence of child bipolar disorder and highlight the need for further research on its neurobiology and prevention strategies.
Research reveals that children aged 8-9 and adults process negative feedback differently than those aged 12-13. Eight-year-olds learn primarily through positive feedback, while twelve-year-olds use it to learn from their mistakes more efficiently. Adults do the same, but with improved efficiency.
Researchers will examine genomes of 4,000 participants in the CARDIA Study to determine how genes influence rising blood pressure with age. The study aims to discover pathways for targeted therapeutic intervention and could lead to new treatments for cardiovascular disease.
A study published in The Lancet found that early childhood asthma risk factors are strongly associated with adult asthma onset. The researchers identified key factors including wheezing onset, persistent wheezing, and sensitisation to allergens as predictive of chronic asthma at age 22.
A study at the University of Leicester investigated methods for improving child and young adult witnesses' evidence, focusing on face recognition. Young adults were found to recognize faces from different ethnicities equally well but struggled to reject unfamiliar faces.
A study of 642 adults with bicuspid aortic valves found that cardiac events and death were more common in younger age groups. However, overall mortality was not significantly different between the group and the general population.
A new study found that exposing fetal mice to high saturated fats can cause them and their offspring to develop type 2 diabetes. This unusual form of inheritance, known as metabolic programming, has implications for human health, particularly for children born to malnourished mothers.
The report finds that working-age Americans are struggling with medical bills, with nearly two-thirds having problems or debt. Many delay or avoid needed care due to cost concerns, with one-third spending 10% or more of their income on out-of-pocket expenses.
Researchers found adults are more effective at identifying false reports than detecting false denials of actual events. This discovery has significant implications for forensic child abuse evaluations and highlights the importance of evaluating children's reports.
A systematic review of antiepileptic drugs found that children with drug-resistant partial epilepsy have a greater response to placebo treatments compared to adults. This suggests that clinical trials in children require careful design and reporting to provide valid results.
Children under five who lived in households with unrelated adults were six times more likely to die from maltreatment-related injuries than those living with two biological parents. Young children need nearly constant supervision, and caregivers must prioritize their safety.
A national survey found that general internists and pediatricians are uncomfortable providing primary care to young adults with cystic fibrosis and sickle cell disease. Only 15% of internists said they would be comfortable treating CF patients, while 32% reported the same for SCD.
A recent study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that nearly a third of British adult survivors of childhood cancer have been regular smokers at some point in their lives. Smoking is an additional source of risk for this population due to long-term effects of original cancer and treatment, as well as genet...
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that young adults with prehypertension are more likely to develop atherosclerosis later in life. The study suggests that keeping blood pressure below 120/80 mmHg through lifestyle modifications may help prevent progression to hypertension and reduce the risk of heart disease.
Research from the University of Washington reveals that young Asian-American immigrants face higher rates of anxiety and depression due to early stressors. This study challenges traditional measures of socio-economic status, highlighting the importance of subjective social status in predicting mental health outcomes.
A large-scale study found that children conceived by donor insemination who are told about their origins at an early age experience fewer negative emotions compared to those told later in life. The study suggests that early disclosure is beneficial for donor offspring's feelings about their conception.
Research suggests that improved early-life nutrition is associated with better cognitive function in adulthood, regardless of years attended school. Participants exposed to nutritional supplements between birth and age 24 months scored higher on reading comprehension and cognitive tests.
A new study from Baycrest Centre for Geriatric Care overturns the notion that brain noise decreases with maturity. Brain maturation leads to more stable and accurate behavior in memory tasks, but also correlates with increased brain signal variability.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that hearing impairment is common among adults with diabetes, affecting up to 54.1% of those with the condition. The study suggests that high blood sugar levels may damage the inner ear and nerves, leading to hearing loss.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health researchers found a consistent relationship between childhood blood pressure levels and adult blood pressure. Children with elevated blood pressure often grow up to become adults with elevated blood pressure.
A study published by The Endocrine Society found that a mother's prenatal diet high in fat can lead to an early onset of puberty in her child, increasing the risk of adulthood obesity. The research also showed alterations in sex hormones and higher body fat levels in adult offspring.
Golf cart-related injuries have increased by over 130% between 1990 and 2006, with falls being the most common cause. The study highlights the need for stricter regulations and safety measures to prevent these types of injuries, particularly among children.
A new study by the Commonwealth Fund estimates that 25.2 million adults in the US are underinsured, facing high out-of-pocket medical expenses and financial stress. This number has increased by 60% since 2003, with middle and higher-income families hit hardest.
A recent study found that teenagers and young adults aged 15-24 had an average accrual rate of just 16.6% in clinical trials between 2005 and 2008, compared to 44.1% for 5-14 year-olds. The low recruitment rates are attributed to inappropriate trial design, poor accessibility, and a lack of specialist cancer teams for this age group.
Researchers have pinpointed the mutated gene responsible for childhood absence epilepsy, a condition characterized by frequent seizures. The discovery may provide insight into developing effective treatments and cures for this form of epilepsy.
Researchers found that Amazonian indigenous culture, despite limited education and experience with maps, spontaneously placed numbers on a line in a compressed, logarithmic function. This suggests that humans have a universal predisposition to relate numbers to space, but with culturally variable mappings.
A study found that childhood lead exposure is associated with decreased brain volume in adulthood, particularly in men. The greatest brain volume loss was seen in participants with the highest lead exposure in childhood. This suggests that early lead exposure may disrupt brain development and result in persistent alterations.
A new study has found that childhood lead exposure is associated with a higher risk of adult criminal arrests, including violent crimes. The research followed over 250 children who were exposed to high levels of lead during pregnancy and early childhood, tracking their outcomes into adulthood.
Research from the University of Cincinnati reveals a direct link between prenatal and early-childhood lead exposure and higher rates of criminal arrest in adulthood. Individuals with elevated blood-lead levels before birth and during early childhood had higher rates of arrests, especially for violent crimes.
Researchers found that children can safely take ten-times the current recommended daily allowance of vitamin D, which may have long-term health benefits. Vitamin D is essential for bone growth and development in children, and supplementation with high doses (2,000 IUs) has been well-tolerated and safe.
A new study found that lone asylum-seeking children in the UK are more likely to have experienced high levels of war trauma and combat than those with adult carers. The research suggests that foster care can help reduce their suffering and lower post-traumatic stress symptoms.
A 3-year 'Greener Voices' study reveals children will engage more in gardening when given responsibility for planning and decision-making. Researchers found that adult assumptions about children's involvement can hinder their participation.
New study results demonstrate significant relief of IBS-C symptoms in adult women treated with AMITIZA 8 mcg, improving overall quality of life. This approval marks a significant advancement in treating IBS-C, which affects approximately one-third of IBS cases.
A phase III pivotal study showed VYVANSE significantly improved ADHD symptoms in adults, including inattention and hyperactivity. The medication provided a 43% reduction in ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV) scores and was associated with a 60% improvement rate on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scale.
A study published in The Lancet found that free antiretroviral therapy in Malawi led to a significant reduction in adult mortality, particularly among adults aged 15-59 years. Mortality rates declined by 10% overall, with an even greater drop of 35% observed in areas near the main road where pre-ART mortality was highest.
Research using a rat model of intrauterine growth retardation found reduced Pdx1 expression in pancreatic beta-cells throughout life following IUGR. The molecular mechanisms affecting Pdx1 expression were reversible in the fetus and after birth, but irreversible in adulthood, providing new insight into diabetes development.
A recent study analyzing data from 443 patients who received implants found that ICDs are life-saving, but also deliver more inappropriate shocks to children than adults. Inappropriate shocks can be unpleasant and may be caused by difficulties in differentiating normal increases in heart rate from abnormal rhythms.
A recent study published in the SLEEP journal found a consistent global link between short sleep duration and increased risk of obesity. The research analyzed data from over 630,000 participants across 29 countries, revealing that both children and adults who slept less than average had a higher likelihood of being obese.
Researchers from University of Copenhagen conducted a study to identify the most effective diet to help adults stop regaining weight. After a successful initial weight loss, participants followed different diets, including high or low protein and glycemic index foods, for six months, with some receiving additional support.
A new University of Florida study reveals a link between relational victimization in adolescence and depression and anxiety in early adulthood. The study found that having friends or positive social relationships did not lessen rates of depression and anxiety, suggesting that this type of bullying can have long-lasting consequences.
Research found that people who experienced strokes while fasting during Ramadan had a higher average number of strokes (5.5) compared to those not fasting (2.0). The study suggests coexistence of usual risk factors and dehydration may contribute to increased susceptibility to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
A new genetic test has identified mutations in 10 genes as a possible cause of cardiac hypertrophy in children. The test found that nearly 50% of children without family histories had mutations in these genes, shedding light on the underlying causes of the condition.
A study of 5,840 people found a connection between low birth weight, excessive weight gain during adolescence and young adulthood, and an increased risk of developing heart disease. Chronic inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein levels, may play a key role in this association.
Long-term mental health problems in childhood are associated with mid-life depression and anxiety in adulthood. Workplace stressors such as lack of control and low social support significantly increase the risk of these conditions.
A Penn State study found that early living together, marriage, and parenting can have positive benefits for some young adults, particularly those from low-income families. The researchers compared depressive symptoms between those who made an early family transition and those who did not, and found few differences between the two groups.