Articles tagged with Adults
Researchers found that Amazonian indigenous culture, despite limited education and experience with maps, spontaneously placed numbers on a line in a compressed, logarithmic function. This suggests that humans have a universal predisposition to relate numbers to space, but with culturally variable mappings.
Research from the University of Cincinnati reveals a direct link between prenatal and early-childhood lead exposure and higher rates of criminal arrest in adulthood. Individuals with elevated blood-lead levels before birth and during early childhood had higher rates of arrests, especially for violent crimes.
Researchers found that children can safely take ten-times the current recommended daily allowance of vitamin D, which may have long-term health benefits. Vitamin D is essential for bone growth and development in children, and supplementation with high doses (2,000 IUs) has been well-tolerated and safe.
A study found that childhood lead exposure is associated with decreased brain volume in adulthood, particularly in men. The greatest brain volume loss was seen in participants with the highest lead exposure in childhood. This suggests that early lead exposure may disrupt brain development and result in persistent alterations.
A new study has found that childhood lead exposure is associated with a higher risk of adult criminal arrests, including violent crimes. The research followed over 250 children who were exposed to high levels of lead during pregnancy and early childhood, tracking their outcomes into adulthood.
A new study found that lone asylum-seeking children in the UK are more likely to have experienced high levels of war trauma and combat than those with adult carers. The research suggests that foster care can help reduce their suffering and lower post-traumatic stress symptoms.
A 3-year 'Greener Voices' study reveals children will engage more in gardening when given responsibility for planning and decision-making. Researchers found that adult assumptions about children's involvement can hinder their participation.
New study results demonstrate significant relief of IBS-C symptoms in adult women treated with AMITIZA 8 mcg, improving overall quality of life. This approval marks a significant advancement in treating IBS-C, which affects approximately one-third of IBS cases.
A phase III pivotal study showed VYVANSE significantly improved ADHD symptoms in adults, including inattention and hyperactivity. The medication provided a 43% reduction in ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS-IV) scores and was associated with a 60% improvement rate on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement (CGI-I) scale.
A study published in The Lancet found that free antiretroviral therapy in Malawi led to a significant reduction in adult mortality, particularly among adults aged 15-59 years. Mortality rates declined by 10% overall, with an even greater drop of 35% observed in areas near the main road where pre-ART mortality was highest.
Research using a rat model of intrauterine growth retardation found reduced Pdx1 expression in pancreatic beta-cells throughout life following IUGR. The molecular mechanisms affecting Pdx1 expression were reversible in the fetus and after birth, but irreversible in adulthood, providing new insight into diabetes development.
A recent study analyzing data from 443 patients who received implants found that ICDs are life-saving, but also deliver more inappropriate shocks to children than adults. Inappropriate shocks can be unpleasant and may be caused by difficulties in differentiating normal increases in heart rate from abnormal rhythms.
A recent study published in the SLEEP journal found a consistent global link between short sleep duration and increased risk of obesity. The research analyzed data from over 630,000 participants across 29 countries, revealing that both children and adults who slept less than average had a higher likelihood of being obese.
Researchers from University of Copenhagen conducted a study to identify the most effective diet to help adults stop regaining weight. After a successful initial weight loss, participants followed different diets, including high or low protein and glycemic index foods, for six months, with some receiving additional support.
A new University of Florida study reveals a link between relational victimization in adolescence and depression and anxiety in early adulthood. The study found that having friends or positive social relationships did not lessen rates of depression and anxiety, suggesting that this type of bullying can have long-lasting consequences.
Research found that people who experienced strokes while fasting during Ramadan had a higher average number of strokes (5.5) compared to those not fasting (2.0). The study suggests coexistence of usual risk factors and dehydration may contribute to increased susceptibility to cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.
A new genetic test has identified mutations in 10 genes as a possible cause of cardiac hypertrophy in children. The test found that nearly 50% of children without family histories had mutations in these genes, shedding light on the underlying causes of the condition.
A study of 5,840 people found a connection between low birth weight, excessive weight gain during adolescence and young adulthood, and an increased risk of developing heart disease. Chronic inflammation, measured by C-reactive protein levels, may play a key role in this association.
Long-term mental health problems in childhood are associated with mid-life depression and anxiety in adulthood. Workplace stressors such as lack of control and low social support significantly increase the risk of these conditions.
A Penn State study found that early living together, marriage, and parenting can have positive benefits for some young adults, particularly those from low-income families. The researchers compared depressive symptoms between those who made an early family transition and those who did not, and found few differences between the two groups.
According to the third annual Alzheimer’s Foundation of America ICAN: Investigating Caregivers’ Attitudes and Needs Survey, most 'sandwich caregivers' say their children aged 8-21 are involved in caring for a loved one with Alzheimer's disease. Children assist with tasks such as attending doctors' appointments, feeding, and dressing, w...
A Norwegian study found that individuals born preterm were at increased risk of death throughout childhood, with a significantly higher mortality rate for boys born between 22-27 weeks. Additionally, preterm birth was associated with diminished reproductive capacity in adulthood, particularly among women.
Researchers found that men with one or two hypertensive parents had higher average blood pressure and a greater risk of developing hypertension. Early-onset hypertension in both parents was associated with a significantly higher risk of developing hypertension by age 35.
A 19-year longitudinal study found that childhood personality types, including resilient, overcontrolled, and undercontrolled traits, are associated with the timing of important transitions into adulthood. Resilient individuals tend to leave their parents' house earlier and find a romantic partner faster.
Research reveals that past child abuse increases PTSD symptoms in adults, with certain gene variations amplifying the risk. The study identifies a key gene, FKBP5, which plays a crucial role in regulating stress-response systems.
Research found that variations in the FKBP5 gene, related to stress response, predict higher risk of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in adults who experienced childhood abuse. Genetic variations interact with levels of child abuse and other trauma exposure to predict PTSD symptoms.
Researchers found that adults and young children can rapidly identify snakes among harmless images, but struggle with detecting them in cluttered environments. This innate ability may be linked to our ancestors' survival and reproductive success.
Researchers found that preschool children and their parents can quickly identify snakes in pictures, suggesting an evolved fear mechanism. The study suggests that the common fear of snakes may be hardwired into humans from an early age.
A new study by University of Missouri professor Christine Proulx found that mothers and fathers reported similar positive changes in the parent-child relationship as their children transitioned to young adulthood. Parents reported increased adult-like interactions, mentorship, and continued emotional support.
The winners of the 2008 AAAS/Subaru SB&F Prize for Excellence in Science Books include four children’s science picture book authors and illustrator, and three young adult science book authors. The prize promotes science literacy by recognizing authors who convey the excitement of science in ways that engage young minds.
A cohort study of over 320,000 Swedish men found that short birth length more than doubles the risk of violent suicide attempts. Catch-up growth during childhood does not mitigate this risk. The study also suggests a link between low serotonin levels and impulsivity, aggression, and suicidal behavior.
A survey found that Americans favor keeping employer role in paying for health insurance and believe covering all should be a shared responsibility. The report also evaluates the Presidential candidates' health reform plans, highlighting key differences between Democratic and Republican proposals.
Researchers found medullary bone in T. rex specimens, indicating dinosaurs reached sexual maturity earlier than thought and had short lifespans of 3-4 years in adulthood. This discovery sheds new light on the evolution of birds and reproductive strategies.
A new study by Temple University finds that women who stopped being religiously active were more than three times likely to suffer generalized anxiety and alcohol abuse/dependence. Conversely, men who stopped being actively religious experienced decreased major depression.
A recent study found that acute allergic-like reactions to gadolinium-containing contrast injections are rare, with 74% of cases being mild. The study included over 78,000 administrations and reported no fatal reactions, supporting the safe use of these agents in patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function.
A study conducted by University College London found that unsupervised children engage in more physical activity, such as walking and playing, due to the ability to explore their local environment. This leads to improved social skills and overall well-being.
Researchers found that individuals with Type 1 myotonic muscular dystrophy overproduce the heart protein NKX2-5, yet experience similar cardiac problems. Reducing excessive NKX2-5 levels may protect against these issues, leading to potential diagnostic and therapeutic breakthroughs.
A new study found that up to 37% of males and 44% of females will be obese when they turn 35 years old, leading to increased heart attacks, chronic chest pain, and deaths. The study projects over 100,000 extra cases of heart disease by 2035.
A Yale University study found that children follow adults' actions faithfully, even when they are unnecessary, leading to confusion and difficulties in learning. The research suggests that children's ability to imitate can actually hinder their learning process if they observe an adult performing inefficient behavior.
A national survey of parents with children aged 6-17 found that 60% reported their child's medication stopped working before 6 p.m. This suggests a need for reassessment of treatment duration and potential factors contributing to the perceived ineffectiveness.
A study reveals that excess sugar consumption decreases SHGB production in the liver, a protein regulating sex steroid entry into tissues. This reduction is associated with increased fat palmitate levels and inhibited by inhibiting palmitate generation.
A new analysis from Northwestern University found that consistently high levels of physical activity in young adulthood can stabilize body mass index (BMI) over 20 years. Participants who reported at least 30 minutes of vigorous activity a day gained 14 pounds less over 20 years than those with low activity levels.
A three-year study reveals that children engage more in learning when given responsibility for decision making and planning. The 'Greener Voices' project found that adults often make assumptions about children's involvement in gardening, neglecting their creative thinking.
Men with bladder exstrophy report more robust sexual lives than women, with two-thirds of women experiencing moderate to severe dissatisfaction. Researchers aim to tweak surgical techniques to prevent sexual dysfunction in women.
Researchers found that most young women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome choose not to have vaginal surgery, which is often believed to be necessary for sexual activity. In fact, 80% of those who did not undergo surgery were still sexually active, similar to those who had the procedure.
A study of psychiatrists and parents found significant differences in perceptions of pediatric ADHD and psychiatric comorbidities. The researchers suggest that improving communication between psychiatrists, parents, and patients can lead to better treatment outcomes for children with complicated ADHD.
A Princeton University study found that brain cell growth in adult monkeys begins to decline soon after reaching adulthood, but it does not have to stop altogether. The team's research suggests that stimulating the human brain to generate neural cells more rapidly may be possible through methods such as exercise and socialization.
A study found that young adults exposed to smoking in movies are more likely to start or continue smoking. The research, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, suggests a dose-dependent relationship between movie smoking and young adult smoking.
Young girls and women are more likely to believe that negative past events predict future events, leading to increased worries, risk perception, and anxiety compared to boys and men. This knowledge develops during the preschool years and is essential for processing past trauma and making decisions.
Researchers found that symptoms can improve with age, particularly in individuals who are not classified as having mental retardation. The study, which followed over 400 adolescents and adults with autism for five years, revealed significant improvements in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviors.
Researchers found victims of child maltreatment more likely to perpetrate youth violence and intimate partner violence. The study analyzed data from over 9,300 respondents and found a strong link between childhood abuse and future perpetration of these violent behaviors.
Researchers found that preschoolers can perform impressive perspective-taking feats by tracking a character's mental perspective in narrative. Five-year-olds successfully pointed to the cow in the thought-about location, while three-year-olds only looked at the physical location.
A study reveals that the DISC1 gene directs the incorporation of new neurons into the adult brain, regulating their process under control. Reduced DISC1 levels in mice led to accelerated integration of neurons into existing brain circuitry, resulting in abnormal neural function.
Research suggests that children can safely consume fat as part of a healthy diet, contrary to concerns over obesity. Children's bodies are more efficient at burning fat relative to energy expenditure due to their high growth rates and higher protein synthesis needs.
Pediatric palliative care specialists are calling for increased research to address the unique physical, psycho-social, and clinical needs of children with complex chronic conditions. The study identifies six challenges that must be addressed to further the field, including access to care and resources.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine are conducting a worldwide study on treating myositis, a rare autoimmune disorder. The study will evaluate the effectiveness of rituximab in improving symptoms of dermatomyositis and polymyositis, with 202 participants from North America and Europe involved.
A new report from The Commonwealth Fund finds that 13.3 million young adults ages 19 to 29 were uninsured in 2005, with many having low incomes and limited access to private coverage.
A University of Illinois study confirms that investing time and energy in youth activities and taking on a leadership role are key to maximizing their benefits for teens. Participation time is more important than the activity itself, according to the research.
A new MIT study finds that mature brains process and retain rich, contextual memories better than younger brains. Adults demonstrated a more developed prefrontal cortex leading to enhanced contextual memory formation.
A study published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine reveals that farmers scored lowest on measures of productivity, health status, and quality of life. Despite having more control over their work, farmers experience high levels of stress and need increased social and emotional support.