Articles tagged with Economics Research
A new report by Newcastle University and Sunderland University found that many male soldiers and officers still struggle with adjusting to the presence of women in the organization. Women are often portrayed as a disruption or sexualized in media images, influencing Army perceptions and policies.
Researchers found a 6.9% annual increase in complex severe sepsis cases and a slight increase in ICU admissions. Despite this, sepsis-related mortality decreased by approximately 4% over the seven-year period.
The irrE gene plays a crucial role in D. radiodurans' ability to withstand extreme radiation levels, and its regulation may be linked to DNA repair mechanisms. Understanding the gene's function could lead to breakthroughs in human cancer prevention and nuclear waste cleanup.
Researchers found that people with big problems need space to sort out their lives, but the British approach to welfare-to-work is a compromise between 'work-first' and 'human capital' objectives. The study highlights the need for a wider concept of work-life balance to enable individuals with multiple problems to get permanent paid jobs.
A study of multinational crews found they work effectively when conditions are right, with good relationships between ethnic groups. However, communication is the main challenge, leading to loneliness and isolation if crew members don't speak the ship language fluently.
A study explores the attitudes and experiences of middle-aged male managers and professionals in their late 40s and 50s, revealing a mixed picture with both benefits and risks. The research highlights the need for alternative solutions to traditional early retirement options, including part-time working and job-shares.
New mapping data reveals dramatic changes in Earth's crust beneath Lake Vostok, indicating a faultline and supporting the idea that thermal energy comes from tectonic processes. The lake's unique ecosystem may contain microorganisms with distinct adaptations to extreme environments.
Researchers found that a minority of homicides are reported in national newspapers, with a substantial bias towards covering untypical cases. The report highlights the need for responsible reporting to showcase real dangers and avoid manufacturing fears.
Research shows firms are quick to raise prices when costs increase, but not so keen to reduce prices when costs fall. Positive inflation raises output, preventing losses due to price asymmetries, while high inflation targets may have modest output gains.
The study reveals that health and socio-economic factors have a natural impact on quality of life in early old age. Having control over work choices also significantly affects quality of life, with those who choose to retire or work beyond normal retirement age enjoying better lives than those with limited options.
A study analyzing data from 115,000 women found that smoking rates among pregnant women rose during the study period, but not before or after. The number of quitters increased by 9 percentage points, while 60% resumed smoking within six months post-delivery.
A study of 7,300 people found that intermittent lack of insurance coverage resulted in lower use of clinical preventive services. This decrease was particularly pronounced for women who underwent fewer pap tests and mammograms, as well as men who received less prostate cancer screening.
Research finds racial neighborhood segregation and economic disparities contribute to increased rates of sickness and death among African Americans. Environmental stressors, such as pollution and limited access to healthcare, exacerbate chronic diseases like high blood pressure.
The Northeastern States Research Cooperative has awarded nearly $1.8 million in research grants for studies of the Northern Forest and its communities. These grants will support projects such as measuring invasive species movement, tracking land use impacts on water quality, and evaluating forest ecosystem services.
Research highlights the importance of lifelong learning for older adults, with formal classes often being supplemented by informal activities. Informal learners reported engaging in daily routines like reading and watching documentaries as an integral part of their lives.
A team of researchers found that young people use texting to widen their social networks and cope with demands from friends and parents. The report also highlights the 'gift-giving' properties of text messaging and its impact on industry plans for future mobile features.
A study by Lynette Kvasny and Eileen Trauth finds that technology skills alone do not bridge the digital divide for underrepresented groups. Social and cultural barriers, including institutionalized biases, limit access to IT careers.
Research reveals that women caregivers face significant pension disadvantages, with fewer years of contributions compared to men. The study advocates for policy changes, including extended parental leave and improved pensions, to address these disparities.
A survey by the Economic & Social Research Council found that many employers are reluctant to offer innovative non-financial benefits, such as day care programs or financial assistance for childcare. Only a few percent of establishments planned to introduce improvements in these areas in the next year.
The study reveals striking differences in employment rates across Europe, with Greece having ten times more people working in agriculture than the UK. Non-working households are common in many EU countries, but married women's employment rates do not affect this trend.
Child development experts may benefit from economists' tools to analyze the effect of resources on key outcomes like schooling, illness, and death. Economists can help broaden perspective on issues like day care by incorporating family resources and preferences into their models.
School districts that fed students more empty calories on test days showed significant improvements in test scores, particularly among schools threatened with sanctions. The study found a link between calorie increase and higher pass rates in math and English, but no long-term benefits.
A study reveals that second-generation Irish people in England and Scotland face difficulties in claiming their Irish heritage due to misperceptions about cultural background and assimilation into the English population. The research highlights the importance of acknowledging and celebrating Irish culture in these communities.
The study reveals significant variations in family forms across Europe, with Italy having the largest households and Sweden's smallest. British men are more likely to be in partnerships than Italian men by their mid-twenties.
The EMBO World Programme fellowship scheme supports scientists from non-European countries to visit European laboratories for a six to nine month period. The program aims to foster collaborations and strengthen research between European and home countries.
Researchers found that the average economic cost of residential treatment was $4,912, while the average benefit was $21,329. This suggests a net benefit of $16,418, supporting the economic value of residential addiction treatment.
Research by Young and Oswald finds that share prices rise by 2 percent on average when companies announce a buyback, indicating that UK investors view buybacks as value-creating transactions. However, the motives behind these actions are complex and may include maximizing executive compensation rather than creating shareholder value.
The study found that excluding exile groups from politics can lead to radicalization, as they become introverted and marginalized. Inclusive policies allow migrant organizations to engage in domestic politics and work on issues related to their European situation.
A new study on Chinese immigration in Europe reveals that the primary motivation is financial gain, enabling migrants to generate employment and wealth. Chinese migrants are highly mobile once they arrive, often changing countries to find better conditions.
The survey found that older workers and women are less happy at work, with a significant decline in job satisfaction over the past decade. Women, in particular, face long working hours and limited career progression opportunities, while older workers struggle with pension security and retirement conditions.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center found that early, aggressive treatment for acute coronary syndromes is more cost-effective over time due to decreased medical and other expenses. This approach offers the best prognosis for patients and reduces major cardiac events.
The city has attracted significant investment from big companies in various sectors, but the lack of co-ordinated planning and strategic vision has hindered regional development. Despite this, the core urban area has experienced a significant turn-round with population growth and new housing developments.
The telecommunications industry has transformed into a competitive and lucrative sector, but most companies are still operating on outdated business models. They need to reassess their pricing policies to generate revenue and stay ahead of new competitors.
Women with heavy menstrual periods experience significant economic loss due to missed work and lower health ratings. The study estimates that women who miss work because of heavy periods lose approximately $1692 a year.
Researchers are studying 200 families in Baltimore to understand how children aged 9-14 are impacted when a parent loses their job. The study aims to identify coping mechanisms that can help prevent negative behavior and emotional problems, and will inform prevention programs to reduce stress.
Research by Dr Jackie Sheehan and colleagues found that anxiety over labour unrest is holding back SOEs from completing layoffs, with workers instead being moved into new sub-companies or retrained. Despite reduced government interference, significant state controls remain in place.
Researchers found that early intervention improves self-esteem and social connections for older people who become housebound. Services such as home help, day centres, or sheltered housing can make a positive impact, even if the support is not ideal.
The NIH's Fogarty International Center has launched a global tobacco research effort to address prevention and intervention at home and globally. The program aims to reduce the burden of tobacco consumption in low- and middle-income nations through observational, interventional, and policy research.
A new study found that families struggle to balance the expectations of the government's home learning initiative with their everyday family life. Parents are often overwhelmed by the need to educate their children, leading to a blurring of boundaries between home and school.
Annualised hours contracts (AHCs) offer advantages for both companies and staff, including higher hourly wages, lower overtime, and stronger job security. AHCs are often implemented in volatile industries with complex shift systems, providing employees with flexibility over the working year.
Research by Dr Michal Lyons examines the experiences of would-be home-owners in seven cities, revealing that delays in getting a foothold are worst in London and major metropolitan areas. Parental home ownership is crucial for young people's chances of becoming homeowners.
A Cornell University project explores the complex relationship between Kenyan small farmers, their communities, and the land they depend on. The research highlights the devastating effects of soil degradation, leading to reduced crop productivity and increased poverty. Understanding social and cultural factors is crucial in addressing ...
The study explores how older widowed women in Britain transition to becoming 'women alone', finding a new sense of confidence and self-sufficiency through personal growth and engaging in new activities.
A two-year study by psychologists from Tilburg University found that introvert persons are more likely to become tired at work due to their workload and perception of busyness. The study also showed that physical and mental tiredness are closely linked, highlighting the importance of including both in workplace investigations.
Young people are more likely to engage in online political activity, with 30% aged 15-24 participating online compared to 10% offline. Internet users are also more likely to contact political figures and engage in discussions. However, most political organisations struggle to use the internet creatively to reach new constituencies.
Researchers present findings on how improved food access affects diets, ethnic inequalities in health, and the impact of capitalism on Eastern Europe. They also explore the relationship between economics and happiness, highlighting surprising statistics about marriage and divorce.
The EU referendum focuses on economic issues, with both pro-euro and anti-euro groups campaigning on this aspect. Key findings suggest that the process may fail to promote a full and frank debate if only central issues are addressed.
New internet-based banks are posing a significant threat to traditional banks and building societies by offering cheaper prices, better choices, and targeted products. The established financial institutions must overhaul their strategies to maintain competitiveness in the lucrative market.
According to Professor Rugman's research, only a handful of multinational companies, such as Nestlé and Unilever, can be considered 'global'. The majority focus on sales within their home region, with many struggling to maintain profitable foreign operations. This trend towards 'de-globalisation' is driven by persistently poor global p...
A study by Dr Annette Hill found that over 70% of children and adults aged 4-65 regularly watch factual entertainment, including docu-soaps and game shows like Big Brother. Viewers tend to favor programs with relatable content and authenticity, often seeking 'moments of truth' amidst manufactured situations.
The study found that many low-income single parents experience close to full-time jobs with brief periods of lay-off or lower hours. They often struggle to make ends meet due to limited benefits from their employers, leading to a weaker safety net for children.
Researchers found that 84% of patients experienced improved airways and symptoms after the laser procedure, which lasted 6-8 minutes. The cartilage recovered its shape over several weeks, providing an alternative to traditional surgery for reducing morbidity and economic impact.
The 'Evacuation Management Decision Support System' (EMDSS) aims to help public officials balance public safety and evacuation costs. The system will factor in diverse elements such as time constraints, event uncertainty, and economic impact on evacuated areas.
Research finds that two-thirds of adolescent girls in Zimbabwe are involved with older men due to economic need, increasing risk of HIV. The study suggests promoting economic self-sufficiency through education and vocational training can help reverse the epidemic.
The BRASS Centre will focus on research in social, ethical, and environmental impact of business. It aims to enhance business practice, improve legislation, and public policy initiatives by creating a greater understanding of sustainability, accountability, and social responsibility.
A study by Ohio State University ranks the top 30 most internet-accessible cities in the US, with Chicago at the top. The 'Big 7' cities - including Washington, DC, Dallas, and New York - will continue to reap economic benefits from their high levels of internet accessibility.
Researchers found a lack of information available to asylum seekers and host communities, hindering effective integration. The study highlights the need for better communication, public relations campaigns, and coordinated services.
A Canadian debate over for-profit hospitals has been informed by a study showing these facilities have significantly higher mortality rates compared to non-profit hospitals. The analysis of 38 million patients found that the profit motive leads to reduced staffing and limited care, resulting in increased mortality.
Dr. Rita Charon, a Columbia University professor, has been awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to complete her book on narrative medicine. Her research focuses on the literary and narrative techniques that enable physicians to achieve empathy with patients.
Wohlbachia bacteria can convert males to females through sex changes or kill them in eggs, sparking defensive tactics in infected insects. Jonathon Knight's award-winning Nature article shed light on this common parasitic microbe's impact worldwide.