Articles tagged with Economics Research
Researchers found that subseasonal forecasts can provide significant economic value for agribusiness players, allowing them to adjust purchase times or adopt adaptation strategies. The potential forecast economic value is around 60% for two-week forecasts, increasing to up to 20% for six-week forecasts.
A new study by Oxford University Press USA found that likeability plays a crucial role in interactions between women and men, but not in same-sex interactions. Women benefit from being likable in all social situations, while men only experience advantages if they are likable when interacting with the opposite sex.
Researchers at MIT and NREL propose slimming down silicon cells to reduce costs and increase manufacturing capacity. By reducing wafer thickness from 160 micrometers to as little as 40 micrometers, the study suggests a significant reduction in material usage and potential savings.
A new RAND Corporation study finds that households in the bottom fifth of income groups pay an average of 33.9% of their income toward health care, while families in the highest income group pay 16%. The analysis also reveals that payments to finance health care account for 18.7% of average household income.
New research has identified three parasitoid species that could help control the fall armyworm, with potential for use in Integrated Pest Management plans. The study suggests Chelonus bifoveolatus, Coccygidum luteum, and Telenomus remus as viable biological control agents, offering a sustainable alternative to synthetic insecticides.
New IIASA-led research assesses economy-wide effects of sea level rise globally, highlighting significant GDP losses without further mitigation and adaptation. The study shows that projections for 2050 and 2100 reveal drastic changes in G20 countries' relative GDP impacts, with China facing the highest losses.
A new polyamide family has been developed from a biogenic residue, offering improved performance and lower costs compared to traditional crude oil-based materials. The synthesis process is scalable and can be conducted in one reaction container, increasing sustainability.
Researchers found that limiting temperature increase to 2°C yields economically optimal results; climate policies can balance damages and mitigation costs. The study tested various uncertainties and confirmed the 2°C limit is cost-efficient across different climate sensitivities.
According to Penn State researchers, US households waste an estimated 31.9% of the food they acquire, with an aggregate value of $240 billion per year. This inefficiency has significant implications for health, food security, and climate change.
New research reveals women-only business networks in Northern Ireland fail to overcome societal issues hindering female entrepreneurship. Despite policy efforts, these networks perpetuate women's marginalization and reinforce the masculinity of entrepreneurship.
A study by Flinders University found rising levels of reported antenatal depression in low and middle-income countries. Antenatal depression is associated with increased risk of preterm birth and low birth weight, highlighting the need for more services, particularly in low-income economies.
A new study found that entrepreneurs employ five distinct storytelling styles when discussing business closures, focusing on positive outcomes and maintaining credibility. The styles include Triumph, Harmony, Embrace, Offset, and Show, each conveying different impression management strategies.
A new study by Brown University researchers finds that US political polarization has grown rapidly over the past 40 years, surpassing other developed democracies. The research suggests that factors such as racial division, party sorting, and partisan cable news may be driving this trend.
Researchers at Osaka University have designed and synthesized a new molecular emitter for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), using rational chemical design with U-shaped synthetic building blocks. The efficient macrocyclic OLED emitter could potentially be used in tiny, energy-efficient chemical sensors.
Research suggests that women are taking matters into their own hands by confronting men who engage in unwanted sexual behavior, a phenomenon dubbed 'feisty femininity'. However, this approach can result in backlash, highlighting the need for businesses to take action.
A new study reveals that untrained stray dogs can successfully follow pointing gestures to a specific location, indicating an innate understanding of complex gestures. The results suggest that dogs may have an innate ability to understand certain human cues, transcending training.
A single payer system would replace private insurance and simplify billing, leading to savings through lower drug costs and efficiencies. The study found that 19 of 22 models predicted net savings in the first year, averaging 3.5% of total healthcare spending.
University of Delaware biomedical engineer Emily Day is developing a platform technology that can transform the treatment of benign and malignant blood disorders. Her research uses nanoparticle carrier systems to target and deliver cargo to blood stem cells, potentially replacing bone marrow transplants.
La Trobe University researchers found introducing a minimum unit price of $1.30 per standard drink in Australia could dramatically reduce alcohol consumption. This policy, already proven successful in Canada and Eastern Europe, could see a 10.7% fall in overall consumption and a 14.2% reduction among harmful drinkers.
A team of researchers from MIT has developed an algorithm to solve hard combinatorial problems using optical machines. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize fields such as biology, drug discovery, and routing/scheduling by leveraging the advantages of optical hardware integrated into silicon photonics.
A new study finds that solar geoengineering could reduce global income inequality by 50%, with poorer countries benefiting most. The technology could also lead to a 200% increase in GDP growth for developing countries.
New research reveals that collective leadership groups in professional service firms can maintain cohesion and act decisively when faced with a crisis. The study found that an individual 'heroic' leader within the collective played a crucial role in resolving the crisis, with the Senior Partner mobilizing a hidden hierarchy to build su...
Researchers develop a cost-effective laboratory device called ElectroPen, which applies short bursts of electricity to temporarily open cell walls. The device is built using inexpensive components, including a piezoelectric crystal taken from a butane lighter, and can be assembled in just 15 minutes.
Researchers Heski Bar-Isaac and John Asker found that MAP can be beneficial for consumers who seek lower prices, but also allows manufacturers to get more money from less price-discriminating shoppers. The study suggests a one-size-fits-all approach to regulating MAP is misguided.
Research reveals people's understanding of sound judgment, distinguishing rationality and reasonableness. Laypeople grasp economists' view of rationality but favor socially pragmatic reasonableness as a separate standard. This study explores how the general public views rationality and reasonableness.
A new study by MIT economists found that a hotspotting program has virtually no impact on patient health care use, contradicting previous claims of a significant reduction in rehospitalizations. The study evaluated 800 patients and found similar outcomes between those enrolled in the program and those not.
Researchers suggest four strategies to change the minds of climate deniers: reframing solutions as social system stabilizers, reducing ideological divide by emphasizing Earth's purity, having conversations with trusted individuals, and discussing values before engaging climate info. Self-affirmation is challenged when facing climate ch...
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reveals that young adults who use both e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes have a nearly three times higher risk of stroke compared to non-smokers. The study also found that switching from combustible to e-cigarettes does not reduce stroke risk, highlighting the need for fu...
A study by Penn State researchers found that the growth of craft breweries in the US is linked to an unprecedented expansion of hop production across 29 states. The number of breweries more than quadrupled from 992 to over 4,000 between 2007 and 2017, resulting in a five-fold increase in hop farms and acreage.
The study analyzed the correlation between happiness levels and Arab Spring protests, finding that countries with lower happiness levels were more likely to experience unrest. The researchers also discovered that GDP per capita had a weaker correlation with protest activity than initially thought.
A study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that closing of local automotive assembly plants is associated with an increase in opioid overdose deaths. The study highlights fading economic opportunity as a driving factor in the national opioid epidemic.
Arup K. SenGupta, a renowned expert in water technology, has received the second Fulbright research fellowship to collaborate with Indian Institute of Technology in Guwahati. His work focuses on implementing Hybrid Ion Exchange Nanotechnology (HIX-Nano) to transform wastewater into usable water.
Economic growth and population expansion were major contributors to China's energy-related CO2 emissions increase between 1978 and 2023. Carbon and energy intensity have slowed the growth rate of CO2 emissions, suggesting a low growth rate for future increases.
The MIT-developed model uses anonymized credit card transactions and quarterly reports to predict company earnings, outperforming human analysts on 57% of predictions. The researchers' method tackles the 'small data' problem by combining noisy signals with traditional financial data.
A meta-analysis of North American and European studies found that less intense lawn mowing leads to increased pollinators, plant diversity, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. In contrast, intense mowing favors pest species, weeds, and drought events. Long grass also reduces the need for pesticides and fertilizers.
By 2030, nearly half of US adults are expected to have obesity, and more than a quarter will have severe obesity. The study predicts that several states will have obesity rates close to 60%, with severe obesity becoming the most common BMI category among low-income adults.
A study of over 6,000 UK adults aged 50+ found that regular engagement with the arts was associated with a lower risk of death. The more frequently people participated in arts activities, the greater the protective effect, with those attending arts events once or twice a year having a 14% lower risk of dying.
A large US study found that women born in the spring and summer had a slight but significant increase in cardiovascular death compared to those born in autumn. The researchers suggest that seasonal fluctuations in diet, air pollution levels, and sunlight may contribute to these differences.
The 5G-DIVE project validates 5G technology for remote control of industrial robots and autonomous coordinated drone flight, requiring high bandwidth and low latency. The project aims to improve performance and corporate value through Fog Computing and intelligent design.
A study by Université de Genève researchers shows that Donald Trump's protectionist policies increase unemployment in the US and Mexico, reducing welfare by 0.31% in the US and 6.6% in Mexico.
Researchers at NREL have discovered a novel oxygenate molecule that can be produced from biomass, showing promise as a blend for diesel fuel. Initial results suggest improved ignition quality, reduced sooting, and fuel economy gains.
A recent study found that less appetizing moths are more relaxed when attacked by bats, while more palatable ones employ evasive maneuvers. The research demonstrates complex risks and rewards of anti-predator strategies, potentially allowing scientists to predict the behaviors of rare or extinct species.
Researchers developed a biomass-derived ether with favorable fuel properties by combining computational screening and high-yield catalytic production. The resulting blend showed improved ignition quality, reduced sooting tendency, and lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional petrodiesel.
A new study from Ohio State University reveals that time-of-use electricity rates increase costs for households headed by people with disabilities and the elderly, compromising their health. The research highlights the need to test and design time-of-use rates to avoid increasing hardship for vulnerable energy users.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo developed an AI tool that uses deep-learning algorithms to determine if claims are supported by other posts and stories on the same subject. The system achieved 90% accuracy in stance detection, a key area of research in detecting fake news.
Scientists and innovators present the concept of the Circular Carbon Economy, a system where carbon emissions are reduced, reused, recycled, and removed. This approach is inspired by nature and aims to restore the balance of the carbon cycle.
A team of researchers at Wayne State University is developing a novel oral insulin delivery system to address the issues of low absorption and bioavailability. The goal is to create a safe and efficient treatment that can enhance the quality of life for diabetes patients.
New research reveals that knowing more about a partner's actions accelerates joint physical task collaboration. Game theory insights inform the development of robots that can interact with humans in a natural, human-like fashion.
A new study found that gradualism, increasing project stakes step-by-step, significantly improves group coordination. The research showed that teams with gradually increasing stakes outperformed those with consistently high or low stakes.
Financial infidelity is defined as hiding financial behaviors expected to be disapproved of from one's partner. Consumers more prone to this often prefer secretive options like personal credit cards and cash. The study found that concealment of financial information in mobile banking apps also increases the risk of financial infidelity.
The virus causes red veins and blotches on grape leaves, reducing fruit size, ripening time, and sugar colors. Researchers aim to understand the disease's spread, potential vectors, and economic impact on grape production and wine quality.
Research led by Dr. Nicolas Bazan has discovered the critical role of MFRP and Adipor1 proteins in preserving retinal function. The study found that mutations in these proteins lead to retinal degeneration, highlighting their importance in preventing age-related macular degeneration and other eye diseases.
Associate Professor Selin Kara aims to develop a fully green and sustainable production process for chemicals using natural enzymatic reactions. She plans to use bio-catalysis and photobiocatalysis in miniaturized bioreactors to create high-value products with minimal environmental impact.
A new RAND Corporation study finds that federal disability benefits encourage more family caregiving, with recipients increasing in-kind assistance from adult children and enabling them to reallocate time to care for their parents. The study also shows a significant increase in the likelihood of children receiving payment for their help.
The Air Force has awarded a $1.5 million grant to Imaginestics LLC, a company developing an artificial intelligence-powered system for managing additive manufacturing data. The system, called AMAS, will provide the Air Force with a method to store, manipulate and present AM data effectively.
Researchers propose transforming low-productivity agricultural land into conservation reserves, which could help nations meet their United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The approach recognizes the value of uncontested lands, allowing for quicker and cheaper conservation efforts than traditional methods.
A $299,641 grant will advance the development of a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker test for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a life-threatening illness affecting neonates. The test aims to alleviate this devastating gut disease among premature babies.
A new emissions inventory for Nepal reveals that air pollution is growing at a much faster rate than the economy. The study found that private households account for a larger share of fuel consumption and emissions in Nepal compared to industrial nations.
A study by IIASA researchers found that the risk of simultaneous breadbasket failures due to climatic extremes has increased over time, with potential consequences for food price spikes and famine. The analysis suggests a need for more efficient allocation of resources to contingency plans and strategic crop reserves.
A study by Princeton University found that people perceive a person's competence partly based on subtle economic cues from their clothing. In nine studies, participants rated faces wearing different upper-body clothing as more or less competent depending on the perceived wealth of the clothes.