Articles tagged with Economics Research
A $20 million cooperative agreement renewal will focus on developing tools and best practices to aid local governments in disaster preparedness. The project, led by OU engineers, aims to provide practical application of modeling results to community stakeholders.
The University of Surrey's 'SMART' project investigates interlingual live subtitling via respeaking to broaden accessibility, empowering different user groups and enabling a more inclusive society. The project aims to equip language professionals with optimal skills and develop guidelines for making live events accessible.
A team of social scientists from rival institutions came together to reach a scientific consensus on stereotype formation. They developed a joint theory that combined perceived competence and warmth as key factors, but with nuances depending on the situation.
Researchers developed a process to recover 80-90% of phosphorus from dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS), reducing excess phosphorus in manure and minimizing algae production. The process is estimated to add $1 million annually in revenue for ethanol plants, while improving environmental sustainability.
George Mason University's Todd J. Zywicki has received $226,944 from the CFPB to lead a task force on harmonizing and updating federal consumer financial laws. The project aims to improve and strengthen consumer financial laws and regulations by end of 2020.
A study estimates that women worldwide catch 3 million tonnes of marine fish and seafood per year, generating $5.6 billion in value or 12% of global small-scale fisheries catches. The economic impact is even higher at $26 billion when adjusted for purchasing power parity.
Researchers from NJIT and NASA will conduct experiments on colloidal particles at the International Space Station to advance materials engineering. The ACE-T-Ellipsoids investigation aims to learn how periodic arrangement is formed, revealing hidden interrelations between processes driving particle arrangement.
A new study from the University of South Australia shows that the Adelaide Fringe festival plays a crucial role in building the state's social capital, helping to combat 'brain drain'. The festival achieves this through placemaking, regeneration of urban spaces, and creating vibrant experiences for residents and visitors.
Researchers at Lehigh University found that the 'Monday effect' negatively impacts supply chain performance, resulting in longer times between ordering and shipping, and more errors in order fulfillment. Technology solutions such as automated order processing systems can improve Monday performance by up to 90%.
A study found that Chinese firms in provinces with lower GDP growth are more likely to engage in earnings management to prop up provincial GDP figures. This leads to a range of negative consequences for the firms, including high bad debt expenses, inventory write-offs, and asset impairment losses.
A new initiative aims to provide affordable drinking water to Pakistan's South Punjab region, utilizing a raw nanoclay with potential health-giving applications. The project has the potential to improve economic conditions and create employment opportunities for locals.
A nine-year observational study found that Universal Credit's roll-out was associated with a 6.6% increase in psychological distress among unemployed recipients, affecting all social groups equally. The study suggests that the welfare reform may exacerbate pressures on mental health and social care services.
A North Carolina State University study of 32 US states from 1990-2015 found that corporate tax incentives typically leave states worse off. The exceptions were job creation tax credits and job training grants, which generated significant tax revenue.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University analyzed US energy production data from 1970-2014, finding that nuclear power reduced carbon dioxide emissions by nearly 2 million metric tons annually. The study suggests policymakers consider nuclear power as a low-carbon source to incentivize utilities to shift toward increased nuclear gener...
Research reveals over 8 million to 14 million tonnes of unreported fish catches are traded illicitly annually, costing the legitimate market $9-17 billion. The economic impact is felt heavily in Asia, Africa, and South America, affecting millions' nutritional food security and livelihoods.
A study by the University of Arizona found that individuals with high romantic attachment anxiety and avoidance report low life satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, and financial satisfaction. They also engage in more irresponsible financial behaviors and perceive their partners' financial behaviors as irresponsible.
Researchers found that young burglars are initially motivated by a desire for excitement, but eventually driven by the thrill of skill and financial rewards. This understanding could help intervene in habitual offending.
Breast cancer support groups play a crucial role in helping underserved African-American women in Memphis overcome economic, social, and psychological barriers to diagnosis and treatment. The groups act as connectors between healthcare providers and the community, reducing death rates from breast cancer among black women in the city.
Fireflies face numerous threats, including habitat loss and artificial light pollution, which can harm their bioluminescent displays and overall survival. Conservation efforts, such as preserving habitats and reducing insecticide use, can help improve firefly populations and mitigate these threats.
Climate change is projected to reduce the suitable area for growing most olive varieties in Andalusia, particularly Nevadillo, Manzanilla, Lechín, and Picudo, due to less rainfall and soil humidity loss. However, the Picual variety may see an increase in suitable areas in higher regions like Alpujarra.
A study of beverage sales in Cook County, Illinois, found that purchases of taxed beverages decreased by 21%, even after cross-border shopping adjustments. The tax was most effective on larger-volume purchases, with a price elasticity of -0.8.
A European Union-funded study reveals the Spanish compensation system for victims of sexual violence is ineffective, with a lack of interest from the State. The study proposes solutions to improve the system, including identifying and addressing legal and organizational obstacles.
Professor Mary-Anne Williams from the University of Technology Sydney wins a Google TensorFlow Faculty Award to develop educational content with TensorFlow 2.0 and design machine learning experiences. The award aims to support responsible AI technologies that people can understand and trust.
A new economic system has been proposed by Nikolaos Laoutaris, which would pay individuals for their personal data. The system aims to reduce privacy risks and increase the quality of data, ultimately benefiting internet companies and users alike.
A study by University of Leeds researchers found high levels of non-disclosure due to refusal, partial refusal, or non-response to FOI requests. The current FOI Act is deemed unfit for purpose, with only 24% of requests resulting in full disclosure, and many authorities failing to respond within the statutory 20-day period.
A new open-source simulation software package in Python allows researchers to quickly compare and prioritize strategies for converting biomass to fuels and products. BioSTEAM provides a fast, flexible tool to analyze the economic and environmental implications of biorefineries.
Research by Carnegie Institution scientists suggests that aerosol pollution can delay climate change effects, benefiting tropical countries but harming high-latitude developed nations. The cooling effect outweighs its limited economic benefits, with public health concerns taking precedence.
A study examining nonprofit hospital finances found that those with higher net income provided more charity care, while lower-income hospitals offered less. The analysis suggests a correlation between financial status and charitable healthcare services.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a long-lasting and economical catalyst that converts greenhouse gases into hydrogen gas and fuel. The catalyst, made from nickel, magnesium, and molybdenum, can work efficiently for over a month without degrading.
A study by Toni Rodon and colleagues found that areas near former concentration camps in Germany receive more electoral support for far-right parties. The researchers suggest that the 'satiation hypothesis' may explain why this relationship ceases to be significant when the Alternative for Germany party is included in the analysis.
A systematic literature review by academics at UCL found that no single factor causes megaproject failures, but rather a combination of six key themes. The study identified 54 preventative solutions to improve megaproject performance, including designing system architecture and engaging institutions and communities.
Standardised packaging in the UK led to higher cigarette prices despite warnings from the tobacco industry. The study found that prices increased due to the introduction of a minimum excise tax (MET) that forced companies to pay at least £5.88 per pack, reducing their ability to manipulate prices.
A University of Washington and Johns Hopkins University study examines travel bans to control infectious diseases like COVID-19. The research suggests that while a travel ban may delay the arrival of an illness, it does not eliminate long-term risk. The authors emphasize the need for more research to inform policy decisions.
The study proposes smart data chip circuits that consume up to 10 times less energy than conventional chips. Researchers also developed an optimisation algorithm to control fibre optic communications at the network level, reducing energy consumption by up to 70%.
Jakoah Brgoch and Judy Wu are recognized as 2020 Sloan Research Fellows for their groundbreaking research in computational and experimental inorganic chemistry. Their work has the potential to revolutionize fields such as energy, manufacturing, and neuroscience.
A pilot program launched by the Berlin Institute of Health aims to enhance the quality and value of translational research through training, tools, and monetary incentives. The QUEST Center's initiative seeks to address concerns over transparency and reproducibility in biomedical science.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering develop machine learning algorithms to predict shape deviations in 3-D printing, resulting in improved accuracy across various applications and materials. The software tool, PrintFixer, is designed to be accessible to industry professionals and hobbyists alike.
A recent study found that CFOs are reluctant to blow the whistle on potential fraud when their company is under pressure to meet a financial target. Financial managers are adept at detecting red flags, but become less willing to report externally when facing pressure.
Researchers at the University of Seville have identified new factors necessary for repairing chromosomal breaks that can cause cell death. The discovery involves proteins modifying histones, which are essential for chromosome structure and cohesion.
A study by University College London found that place-based payroll tax incentives can be effective in stimulating employment in remote and underdeveloped regions. The researchers discovered a significant decline in local employment and wages in response to the tax hike.
A study by MIT economists found that areas in Indonesia where Dutch colonial rulers built a huge sugar-producing industry in the 1800s remain more economically productive today. The research shows that villages with Dutch-built sugar-processing factories have greater economic activity, manufacturing, and higher local education levels c...
A team of OU researchers has been awarded a $730,000 grant from NASA to study emerging infectious disease threats, including the 2019 novel coronavirus, in Central Asia. The research aims to predict the economic, public health, and environmental risks of large-scale development initiatives.
Researchers found that residents of smaller cities are more likely to buy apartments in Moscow region suburbs due to affordability. In contrast, city dwellers prioritize central locations. These findings highlight the impact of regional inequality on urban development and migration patterns.
A recent study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that pregnant and postpartum women in Louisiana are at a higher risk of experiencing a homicide. The research team analyzed vital records data from 2016-17, revealing an estimated rate of 12.9 per 100,000 compared to other causes of maternal death.
A new study by the USDA Forest Service-led Pacific Northwest Research Station found that Alaska's Tongass and Chugach National Forests produce an average of 48 million salmon annually, worth approximately $88 million. The forest rivers and lakes support the salmon population through various life stages.
Research by Rice University economist Richard Boylan found that district elections increase noninfrastructure spending by 9.1% due to the 'common pool' problem, which can lead to excess city spending. This raises questions about the balance between equal representation and effective governance.
New research shows that US states with medical marijuana laws have seen a decline in workers' compensation claims due to improved symptom management. The modest reductions suggest expanded access to medical marijuana may also boost work capacity and reduce reliance on social insurance programs.
Studies funded by the tanning industry are more likely to downplay risks and highlight perceived benefits of indoor tanning. Researchers analyzed 691 articles on indoor tanning and found that studies with financial ties to the industry were significantly more favorable, highlighting the need for independent scientific data.
Researchers aim to create a less expensive and efficient natural gas storage system using super-absorbent materials, enabling smaller tanks for vehicles.
A team of chemical engineers has developed a new way to produce medicines and chemicals on demand using portable biofactories embedded in water-based gels. The approach could help people in remote villages or on military missions access critical medicines and daily use chemicals.
The University of Massachusetts Amherst will conduct a 12-year study on the socioeconomic impacts of casino gambling in Massachusetts, with a focus on employment and public health effects. The study aims to identify populations at higher risk of problem gambling and inform prevention and treatment programs.
Residents value green infrastructure due to its environmental benefits, including improved water quality and reduced flooding. They are willing to contribute time and money to support such features.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has renewed a $20 million partnership with Colorado State University (CSU) to improve community resilience planning for natural hazards. The center, which has developed the IN-CORE modeling system, will now apply its findings to actual communities over the next five years.
Trained dogs can identify infected trees within two weeks of inoculation and distinguish the citrus greening pathogen from other pathogens. This method is more efficient than currently USDA-approved methods, such as PCR tests, which detect less than 3% of infections.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that individuals who believe in a fair economic system exhibit reduced negative emotions when confronted with poverty, homelessness, or extreme wealth. The research suggests that system-justifying beliefs buffer against aversion to inequality, allowing people to better cope with e...
The University of Washington's new WE-REACH center aims to support biomedical entrepreneurs and provide project funding for up to six startups per year. The center, funded by the NIH, will focus on innovative disease treatments, new drugs, and health technologies.
A Dartmouth-led study found that cash transfers and vocational training in Afghanistan had no lasting effect on reducing support for the Taliban. In fact, a one-time cash infusion increased combatant support, while job training and cash separately had adverse effects.
Researchers find optimal design for 3-drone facilities covering 75% of NYC area and 34% of population, with increasing costs not justified beyond this point. The study suggests drone delivery may be viable in smaller markets with price-sensitive customers under right tech capabilities and regulations.
A study by UPV and UV concludes that the Eurozone is not prepared to replace cash with a cryptocurrency managed by the European Central Bank. The study finds that higher income and education levels lead to greater financial inclusion, reducing cash usage.
Researchers are developing methanogenic eco-factories to produce methane and value-added compounds like isoprenoids. The small power plants have unexplored metabolic capabilities that can be harnessed for biotechnological applications.