Scientists at Penn State identified key genetic regulators controlling the expression of a vital gene required for luminescent bacteria to compete and form symbiosis with Hawaiian bobtail squids. The findings shed light on molecular mechanisms underlying animal-microbe interactions, which may be applicable to human microbiomes.
A team of researchers from Japan has developed a novel probe to measure changes in brain pH in mice during exposure to visual stimuli. The study reveals distinct patterns of pH changes in the primary visual cortex that correlate with specific visual stimulus patterns.
Physicists used a combination of ultrasound and machine learning to study uranium ruthenium silicide's phase transition at 17.5 kelvin. The machine-learning algorithm eliminated over half of the possible explanations, providing new insights into the material's behavior.
George Mason University's Todd J. Zywicki has received $226,944 from the CFPB to lead a task force on harmonizing and updating federal consumer financial laws. The project aims to improve and strengthen consumer financial laws and regulations by end of 2020.
A team at Tokyo Medical and Dental University demonstrates a new method to increase the lifetime of qubits, enabling faster cycle times and reduced noise. This could lead to practical quantum computing applications in fields like finance and chemistry.
The study reveals that applying strain to monolayer AlN crystals can enhance the efficiency of even and odd harmonics radiated under ultrafast laser excitation. Researchers found that strain-dependent electronic transitions result in different harmonic spectra, providing a new reference for studying semiconductor dynamics.
A new study reveals energy development has negative impacts on sage-grouse reproduction, affecting their ability to nest and raise chicks. The study's findings emphasize the importance of preserving sagebrush habitats when positioning renewable and non-renewable energy projects to balance species conservation with energy demands.
Researchers found that liver fibrosis is tied to a specific type of heart failure, known as preserved ejection fraction heart failure (HFpEF), which affects people with and without HIV and hepatitis C. The study suggests that preventing liver fibrosis may be crucial in reducing the risk of HFpEF.
A team of researchers has successfully created super magnets using laser-based 3D printing, allowing for high-density magnet production with tailored magnetic properties. This breakthrough enables precise control over microstructure and geometric requirements, addressing the limitations of traditional manufacturing methods.
Scientists have developed a new photostimuable LiGa5O8: Mn2+ glass ceramic medium for three-dimensional volumetric optical data storage, enabling expanded storage capacity and improved information security. The material's high transparency and controlled crystallization lead to a highly ordered nanostructure with low bit error rates.
Researchers found that 4-year-olds can understand others' thoughts, but younger children can predict behavior based on surface-level cues. The brain has two distinct systems for perspective-taking, which mature at different ages.
A new imaging technique allows researchers to study 3D printed brain tumors in unprecedented detail, revealing how treatments affect complex tumor cells. This method provides a more accurate evaluation of drug effectiveness than traditional methods, which could lead to improved treatment outcomes for patients with glioblastomas.
Researchers stress that individual actions, such as self-isolation and social distancing, are key in controlling the pandemic. Governments can also take measures like banning large events and ensuring healthcare provision, but these must be balanced with economic considerations.
Researchers have developed a nanoscale 4D printing technique that combines nanolithography, microfluidics, and organic chemistry to create synthetic surfaces with precise structures and tailored chemical composition. This technology has potential applications in drug research, biosensor development, and advanced optics.
Researchers have discovered that T follicular helper cells can persist for at least 400 days after infection, supporting antibody production even in late stages. This finding opens up new prospects for creating long-term acquired immunity through vaccination strategies.
Researchers have introduced a novel total synthesis method for tetrodotoxin, a strong nerve toxin with potential as a pain reliever for cancer treatment. The new route enables easy and reliable production of the compound.
Researchers from Sungkyunkwan University provide a comprehensive review of heterogeneously integrated two-dimensional materials, enabling the design of novel devices. The review discusses various 2D heterostructures, their physical characteristics, and new functional applications.
The study found that hospitalized patients with severe lung injury in California used a variety of vaping products, including e-cigarettes and flavored pods. The most common products were JUUL e-liquids, which were linked to the majority of cases.
A study of 4,788 child-parent pairs and 2,380 siblings found that 36-58% of coffee intake is genetically determined, with environmental factors influencing the amount consumed. The correlation between parent's and offspring's coffee drinking increased with each quantile, suggesting a complex interplay between genetics and environment.
Researchers at the University of Washington and Lowell Observatory found that Betelgeuse's surface temperature remains relatively stable despite recent dimming. The team calculated the average surface temperature of the star using a filter to 'dampen' its light, revealing a surface temperature of around 3,325 degrees Celsius.
The Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) is being upgraded with a new capability to produce beams of heavy atomic nuclei consisting of 126 neutrons, a 'magic number', for nuclear structure and astrophysics research. This upgrade will help scientists test a reigning theory on the formation of heavy elements.
Research by University of Helsinki finds unwanted behavior in 73% of dogs, with significant breed-specific differences. Traits like noise sensitivity and fearfulness are common, while compulsive behaviour and separation anxiety also occur.
A University at Buffalo researcher found that telling stories when communicating can make the speaker appear more warm and trustworthy, as opposed to speaking statistics. People rely on warmth and competence when forming impressions of someone, and previous research suggests scientists are perceived as smart but distant.
Scientists have developed a global system to predict future warming of lakes, which could threaten cold-water species like salmon and trout. By 2100, average lake temperature is expected to rise by 4 degrees Celsius under extreme climate change scenarios.
A team from Deakin University in Australia developed an improved sight-correcting system for self-driving vehicles. By watching human operators complete tasks, the vehicles can learn to make decisions based on visual information, reducing the need for extensive training data.
International team parses Pacific Robin populations across South Pacific islands into several distinct species, revealing complex relationships and major conservation implications. The study highlights the importance of understanding biodiversity units for effective conservation, particularly for small, isolated island populations.
A study of 30,180 patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma found that nearly 20% had pathological signs of aggressive disease, increasing the risk of distant metastasis. The research emphasizes the need for new preoperative tests to identify high-risk tumors and thorough patient counseling on all treatment options.
A systematic review of 38 cross-sectional studies found a positive association between alcohol marketing exposure and young people's alcohol use behaviors. The researchers concluded that future policies should regulate alcohol marketing more strictly to reduce underage drinking and related problems.
Researchers have created a device that uses sound waves to produce high-resolution images of the human brain, potentially revolutionizing brain imaging. The technology could be suitable for continuous monitoring of high-dependency patients and overcome obstacles with current MRI methods.
Scientists have created a conducting boundary with zero bandgap in hexagonal boron nitride sheets by stacking ultrathin sheets in a particular way. This discovery could lead to the development of new all-hBN or all 2D nanoelectronic devices.
Researchers have successfully observed topologically protected light waves propagating along a special boundary in a photonic crystal, unaffected by sharp corners or imperfections. This breakthrough enables the development of optical chips with enhanced reliability and potential for quantum information transfer.
The Journal of International Marketing explores the impact of digital environments on international marketing, with research highlighting key trends and frameworks. Studies examine social media, global brand building, customer journeys, dark net markets, and more, shedding light on the latest developments in the field.
A molecular marker in saliva is associated with childhood obesity emergence in preschool-aged Hispanic children. Salivary methylation of the NRF1 gene predicted childhood obesity three years later, even after controlling for maternal BMI and behavioral factors.
Researchers found that participants who consumed a meal while playing a computer game ate significantly less than those who ate without distractions. The study also showed that the effect of distraction on food consumption can persist even after the initial distracted eating experience.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen investigated whether changes in a woman's menstrual cycle affect her preferences for men's behavior. The study found that women find all men slightly more attractive when fertile and perceive flirtier men as more attractive for short-term relationships, but less attractive for long-term ones. ...
The Journal for Healthcare Quality has published a special issue on quality as a business strategy, featuring six innovative approaches to improving healthcare. These programs include improving clinical documentation, assessing the costs of pressure injuries, and implementing bundled payments for joint replacement.
Valerii Vinokur, a senior scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, has made significant contributions to understanding topological properties of matter and their related phase transitions. His research has enabled the discovery of novel superinsulating states of matter in disordered superconducting films.
Researchers developed a process to recover 80-90% of phosphorus from dried distiller's grains with solubles (DDGS), reducing excess phosphorus in manure and minimizing algae production. The process is estimated to add $1 million annually in revenue for ethanol plants, while improving environmental sustainability.
Researchers have resurrected ancient forms of two cell division proteins to study their evolution. They found that one protein boosted the activity of the other through allosteric regulation, a mechanism that has become crucial for cells.
A study published in Science Advances found nearly 50% of retail eel products in Hong Kong supermarkets contained endangered European eel. The investigation exposed a surprising prevalence of illegally traded glass eels from Europe, posing a significant threat to the species' survival.
Terry Clower examines North Carolina community college labor market using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and private sources. His analysis assesses market-competitive salaries and wages for teaching occupations, providing insights for local campuses.
A new study finds that warming temperatures have been substantially mitigated by the migration of rainfed corn, wheat, and rice. However, continued migration may result in significant environmental costs, including biodiversity loss and increased carbon emissions.
A University of Saskatchewan research team has been awarded nearly $1 million to develop animal models and test vaccine candidates for the new coronavirus. The project aims to identify suitable animal models to replicate human disease, with a goal of developing a pan-coronavirus vaccine.
Researchers at Kennedy Space Center successfully grew red romaine lettuce in space onboard the International Space Station, demonstrating its safety and nutritional value. The study found that space-grown lettuce was similar to Earth-grown controls in terms of composition but showed increased levels of certain nutrients and antioxidants.
Researchers at Florida State University have discovered new genetic variants that cause heart disease in infants, revealing novel insights into the role of a protein affecting blood pumping force. Understanding these interactions could lead to new treatments for both the specific disease and general heart disease.
Researchers found that Bifidobacteria accumulate in tumors and activate the stimulation of interferon genes pathway, enhancing anti-tumor efficacy of CD47 immunotherapy. Supplementation with Bifidobacteria improved treatment response in mice with previously non-responsive tumors.
Researchers discover cosmic impact evidence at Abu Hureyra archaeological site in northern Syria, dating back to the earliest human settlement. The impact is believed to have caused destruction and burning of the settlement nearly 12,800 years ago.
Researchers at the University of Arizona are working with NASA to develop new methods for harvesting water from the lunar surface using lasers. The mission aims to create a system that can efficiently extract water and nutrients from the lunar environment, enabling sustainable food production in space. With the help of tiny satellites ...
The nTIDE February 2020 jobs report reveals a significant increase in employment-to-population ratios for both people with and without disabilities, with modest job gains reported for Americans with disabilities. The labor force participation rate for working-age individuals with disabilities also showed a notable increase.
Tuberculosis bacteria produce a molecule called sulfolipid-1 (SL-1) that triggers coughing in infected animals and human cells, facilitating the spread of disease. The findings could lead to new treatments to prevent tuberculosis transmission.
Researchers at Yale University found that mice exposed to stress in the womb and after birth experience lifelong immune system deficiencies, making them more susceptible to bacterial infections and tumors. Early-life exposure to glucocorticoids permanently alters immune responses, rewiring the body to respond differently.
Researchers found a significant knowledge gap in how lakes respond to extreme storms, with inconsistent findings across studies. The team calls for a collaborative effort to develop a research framework to better predict phytoplankton responses to storm-induced changes.
Researchers developed a scalable method for estimating crop productivity in real time using satellite data, in-field camera networks, and ground measurements. The method provides highly accurate estimates of leaf area index (LAI) and can be used to detect underperforming fields or segments that need targeted management practices.
Researchers have uncovered neural mechanisms that govern complex motor sequences in fruit flies, revealing the importance of spatial comparisons in decision-making. The findings could lend insight into pathologies such as Parkinson's Disease and obsessive-compulsive behaviors.
Researchers have successfully tested molecular motors that can destroy diseased cells in worms, plankton, and mice. The nanomachines caused various degrees of damage to tissues, showing their potential for treating skin diseases such as melanomas and eczema.
In a study published in Current Biology, researchers found that rats exhibit harm aversion, stopping use of their preferred lever when it would cause pain to a neighboring rat. This phenomenon is linked to the same brain region associated with empathy in humans, suggesting that harm aversion is deeply ingrained in our biology.
A new study reveals that random variation in brain development generates behavioral diversity in fruit flies, contradicting the nature vs nurture debate. The origin of unique behavioral idiosyncrasies lies in individual differences in neural circuit wiring, which significantly influence behavior.
Researchers from University of Sydney have developed a method to store electricity efficiently using durian and jackfruit waste. The fruits' biomass is converted into super-capacitors that can quickly charge electronic devices, offering a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
Researchers describe cases of hearing loss in working dogs, highlighting the importance of noise protection. Hearing loss can be treated, and owners can adapt to help their pets thrive despite the condition.
Researchers have developed a new optimization method for tracking self-driving car trajectories that reduces errors while keeping computation demands low. The method prioritizes passenger comfort, aiming to replicate human drivers' ability to balance speed, safety, and route choice.