The Coronavirus Immunotherapy Consortium will streamline and accelerate the development of antibody therapies against SARS-CoV-2, providing crucial insights to guide vaccine development. CoVIC brings together scientists worldwide to share and evaluate candidate antibodies in a blinded analysis.
A new study published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society found that chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes can affect fetal development and lead to hypertension in later life. The research, conducted on pregnant rats, suggests that even low-dose exposure to these chemicals can impact blood pressure later in life.
Researchers propose that modified nucleobases could have facilitated the emergence of rudimentary self-replicating systems by stabilizing short RNA molecule structures and providing catalytic activity. This could have increased the breadth of available functions for short RNAs.
Scientists from University of Würzburg successfully sequenced sturgeon genome, showing genetic material has changed little over 250 million years. The study sheds light on the ancestry of vertebrates and provides important insights for protecting species.
A study analyzing data from nearly all TAVR patients in the US found that 34 medical centers reported worse-than-expected survival and quality-of-life outcomes among patients undergoing the procedure. The researchers identified key outcomes, including stroke, bleeding, kidney injury, and valve leakage, to assess patient care.
Researchers at the University of Virginia have identified inherited genetic variations that can predict patient outcomes and improve treatment success. By analyzing vast amounts of genetic data, doctors can now tailor treatments to individual patients' needs and genetic makeup.
A medical mystery was solved when a severely ill patient was tested and diagnosed with COVID-19, leading to changes in CDC guidelines. The case highlights the importance of testing and demonstrates that even without clear risk factors or exposure, patients can still be infected.
Research reveals stress induces structural changes in mice by halting GluA1 protein production, affecting neuron communication. Astrocytes' branch retraction impacts neurotransmitter release and neural function.
All Life is a new open-access journal that will publish multidisciplinary reproducible life science research, focusing on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. The journal aims to foster collaboration and information sharing across the life sciences.
An observational study of 2,900 older residents found that long-term air pollution exposure increases the risk of developing dementia. Cardiovascular disease may contribute to this association by increasing blood flow and oxygenation to the brain, leading to neurodegenerative changes.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a new method to separate xylenes from benzene derivatives using cucurbit[7]uril, requiring no heating or elevated pressure. The process has high efficiency and low energy consumption, making it suitable for industrial implementation.
A study by New York University researchers found that mandatory building energy audits led to modest reductions in energy use, but not enough to meet citywide carbon-reduction goals. The results suggest that a more comprehensive data-driven energy policy is needed to encourage significant energy efficiency investments.
A new study led by the University of Kent found evidence that human ancestors regularly climbed trees, based on analysis of fossil leg bones. This finding challenges previous assumptions about human evolution and suggests that a hominin species may have adopted highly flexed hip joints to facilitate climbing.
Scientists identified a new control mechanism that enables stem cells to adapt their activity in emergency situations by modifying protein blueprints. Alternative polyadenylation regulates the amount of protein produced and controls protein isoform formation, affecting stability and localization.
A team of international researchers led by Dr. Kunlin Jin used stem cells to boost a person's immune system and ward off COVID-19 pneumonia. The study showed that intravenous infusion of clinical-grade human mesenchymal stem cells is a safe and efficient approach for treating patients with severe cases.
Health experts recommend displaying warning labels on petrol pumps, energy bills, and airline tickets to inform consumers about the climate and health risks associated with fossil fuel use. The labels should state that continuing to burn fossil fuels worsens the climate emergency, leading to significant projected health impacts over time.
A study by Kanatsu-Shinohara et al. shows that spermatogonial stem cell transplantation can restore sperm development in infertile mice, offering potential treatment for male infertility. The research uses chemically castrated mice with a Cldn11 gene deficiency.
Patients with abnormal stress test results but clear arteries experience changes in symptoms over time. The study found that disease activity ebbs and flows, with periods of increased symptom severity and absence.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum communicate in brown fat cells, affecting heat production and leading to dysfunctional mitochondria. Without this complex, mice become cold-sensitive and develop abnormal lipid droplets.
Researchers have developed a chemically modified phage capsid that perfectly fits influenza viruses, preventing them from infecting lung cells. The new approach shows promise for treating seasonal and avian flus.
Researchers found no significant difference in Parkinson's disease progression between those taking isradipine and placebo. Despite its neuroprotective properties in animal models, the study didn't support the hypothesis that isradipine slows early-stage Parkinson's progression.
A study at Karolinska Institutet found that long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with an increased risk of dementia. The researchers also found that cardiovascular disease plays a key role in this association, and that reducing emissions can help mitigate the risk.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have found a way to regulate special immune system cells in lung cancer tumors, suppressing them and allowing tumors to grow. By blocking this pathway, the immune system can be boosted to prevent tumor formation or growth, offering a potential new treatment for immunotherapy.
Researchers reconstructed locomotor behavior in fossil hominins by comparing trabecular bone structure. The results suggest a predominantly bipedal gait in one specimen and mixed use of bipedalism and climbing in another.
A cluster-spreading event was reported in a public bath center in Huai'an, China, where an infected individual transmitted the virus to eight others through bathing. The study highlights the potential for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in close-contact settings without adequate hygiene measures.
Scientists have found that hydrate protons on the ice surface are generated through autoionization of water molecules, leading to a significant enhancement in proton activity. This discovery has implications for understanding various phenomena such as charge generation and ozone layer destruction.
The study provides critical estimates on the proportion of people requiring hospitalisation due to COVID-19, with a significant increase in risk with age. Hospitalization rates nearly double from 4.3% in 40-49-year-olds to 8.2% in 50-59-year-olds.
A subgroup analysis from VOYAGER PAD found that adding clopidogrel to rivaroxaban and aspirin after lower extremity revascularization procedures did not provide any added clinical benefit for patients with peripheral artery disease. Instead, it increased the risk of bleeding events.
A team of researchers has developed a groundbreaking 'cardiac patch with bioink' to repair heart damage. The patch uses genetically engineered stem cells and 3D bioprinting technology to enhance vascular regeneration and improve myocardiocyte survival. The innovative method has shown promising results in treating myocardial infarction.
Researchers at MIT have developed a way to encapsulate therapeutic cells in a flexible protective device that prevents immune rejection while allowing oxygen and nutrients to reach the cells. This technology could lead to long-term treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes.
A recent study from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln suggests that ancient aquatic crocodiles evolved to enormous sizes due to water pressure. The minimum survivable size threshold for these aquatic species was found to be around 10 kilograms, and they surpassed their semi-aquatic and landlocked counterparts in average weight by a fa...
A new study confirms the safety and success of TAVR procedures in patients with a bicuspid valve, achieving low rates of death or disabling stroke and high device success rates. The procedure proved effective even for complex cases, with a high rate of successful outcomes
A new AI technique detects acute ischemic stroke lesions on MRIs with high accuracy, outperforming expert drawn gold standard. The fully automated approach reduces workflow time and operator bias in lesion segmentation.
Researchers estimate Earth's core is composed of approximately 80-90% of the planet's bulk carbon, with a tiny fraction present in the core itself. The study measured the preference of carbon for mixing with iron and nickel at high pressures and temperatures, revealing a significantly lower affinity than previously reported.
The Caravaggio study found that oral apixaban is at least as effective as dalteparin in preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism and major bleeding events in patients with cancer. The trial showed no significant difference in the risk of major bleeding, including gastrointestinal cancers, between the two treatments.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have developed a new tool for controlling reactions in microrobots and microreactors, leveraging capillary forces to create self-assembling hanging droplets of aqueous polymer solutions. This technique enables selective transport of chemicals and can be used as encapsulated reaction vessels.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have identified a novel mono-alkyl chain lipophilic cation (MALC) that protects crops against fungal diseases. The compound, C18-SMe2+, inhibits fungal mitochondria and triggers a self-destruction program in fungi, while also alerting plant defense systems.
Higher levels of omega-3 fatty acid EPA found to explain significant reductions in cardiovascular events and deaths among patients taking prescription fish oil. Achieved EPA levels on the drug strongly correlated with lower rates of cardiovascular events.
A subgroup of high-risk patients with complex heart disease who took ticagrelor alone had fewer episodes of bleeding and no increase in heart attacks or stroke. Ticagrelor monotherapy significantly reduced clinically relevant bleeding without increasing the risk of additional heart attacks, strokes or death.
MIT engineers create soft, flexible neural implants that can conform to the brain's contours and monitor activity over longer periods. The devices are made from a type of polymer that is electrically conductive and can be printed using a conventional 3D printer.
Researchers found that exercise only improves muscle strength when specific muscle cells age, report Hokkaido University scientists. A cell-aging drug combined with exercise restored FAP aging and improved muscle function and regeneration in mice with chronic inflammatory myopathy.
Researchers at Goethe University discover a unique metabolism in Acetobacterium woodii that enables the bacterium to recycle hydrogen, allowing it to survive in oxygen-poor environments. This discovery has implications for our understanding of ancient life forms and their metabolic capabilities.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University discovered that electrons can break Ohm's law when moving through a liquid medium, creating capillary waves and ripplopolarons. This behavior is crucial for understanding electron flow in fluids and has potential applications in quantum computing.
A collaborative study using machine learning techniques to predict six life outcomes for children, parents, and households found that even with high-quality data and state-of-the-art modeling, the predictive models were not very accurate. The study suggests that sociologists and data scientists should use caution in predictive modeling...
Researchers found COVID-19 positive results in sputum and feces samples of patients with negative pharyngeal swabs, suggesting additional body site sampling may be needed. The study highlights the need for further investigation into patient safety and infectiousness after discharge.
A critical care surgery team has developed a tiered approach to triage surgical cases and manage hospital resources during the COVID-19 pandemic. The plan includes reassigning surgeons, deferring non-emergency operations, and considering 'battlefield promotion' for senior residents.
A large observational study compared radiologists' recall rates and cancer detection in breast cancer screenings using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and digital mammography. The study found that DBT had higher cancer detection rates but lower recall rates than digital mammography.
A recent study evaluates and quantifies ecosystem service flows between countries, highlighting the importance of understanding these interregional connections. Researchers found that Germany benefits from ecosystem services provided in other countries, including flood protection, biodiversity conservation, and cocoa production.
A recent study suggests that bariatric surgery performed before developing diabetes results in greater weight loss. Patients without diabetes achieved a higher chance of successful weight loss compared to those with diabetes, with diabetes diminishing weight loss by 1.2 BMI points.
Tropical forests are losing carbon storage potential over time due to changes in structure and function at forest edges. Along these boundaries, the study found aboveground carbon storage declines of 22% up to 100 meters from the edge.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center identified potential therapeutic targets for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by studying the activity of protein TAp63 and microRNAs. The study found that miR-30c-2* and miR-497, which are normally expressed in normal skin, are underexpressed in cuSCC tumors and inhibit growth when reintroduced.
Researchers discovered subrectangular constructs in Calusa archaeological sites, which may have been gates for watercourts. The watercourts contained fish scales from the period of use, suggesting storage and later processing of surplus fish supported the Calusa rulers' authority.
A study of patients with diabetes found that taking ticagrelor alone reduced clinically relevant bleeding compared to combining it with aspirin, without increasing the risk of additional heart attacks, strokes, or death. The results were consistent across all types of diabetes patients.
A fast-fail trial has identified the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) as a potential target for treating anhedonia. The study found that participants who received a KOR antagonist showed increased activation in brain circuits involved in reward and pleasure, leading to reduced anhedonia scores.
A randomized trial found that ticagrelor alone reduced major bleeding risk and no increased heart attacks, strokes, or other adverse events compared to dual therapy. The study suggests ticagrelor monotherapy as an optimal strategy for reducing bleeding risk in ACS patients treated with stents.
Researchers have found a way to halt and reverse muscle fibrosis caused by overuse injuries in animal studies. The discovery uses the drug FG-3019 to block protein CCN2, which promotes connective tissue growth, leading to significant improvements in muscle strength.
A study employing two approaches has accurately dated a collection of wooden timbers from the East Mediterranean using radiocarbon measurements and tree-ring associations. This precise chronology can support archaeological records and provide valuable insights into climate fluctuations during the Bronze and Iron Ages.
A study published in CMAJ found that self-reported mental health issues and service use in Ontario increased between 2002 and 2014, with a significant rise in the number of people reporting fair or poor mental health status. The increase in help-seeking behavior suggests improved awareness and reduced stigma around mental health issues.
A team of international medical experts successfully delivered insulin via a drone to a patient living in a remote community in Ireland, addressing healthcare access issues. The project demonstrated the potential for autonomous drones to deliver life-saving medications and supplies in disaster scenarios.
Shifts towards drought-tolerant traits in forests were associated with increased tree mortality, while photosynthetic and hydraulic trait diversity varied by region. Forest type also influenced the response to tree mortality.