Articles tagged with Economics Research
A study by Michigan State University scientists identifies oomycetes as the most abundant seedling pathogens in corn, enabling targeted approaches for disease management. The research has significant implications for breeding hybrids with improved root rot resistance and fungicide sensitivity testing.
A new guide published by University of Sheffield researchers suggests that end-of-life carers should be entitled to up to six months paid time off work and job safeguards. The study highlights the economic benefits of supporting working carers, who can provide valuable services to society while reducing the burden on the NHS.
Researchers found that wet fractionation techniques are the most profitable for processors, producing higher-quality coproducts. Dry fractionation methods were comparable to conventional methods in terms of return on investment.
A new national survey found that seriously ill Medicare beneficiaries face substantial financial strain, with 53% reporting difficulties in paying medical bills. Prescription drugs pose the most hardship, while emotional or psychological distress is also prevalent among respondents.
A new study published in Health Affairs reveals that SNAP participation is associated with a decline in the risk of premature death from all causes among US adults. The study analyzed restricted-access data and found a reduction of 0.8% in risk of death from alcohol poisoning, opioid overdose, and suicide.
Research from Lancaster University and other institutions found that collaborations between stakeholders up and down the value chain improve firm innovativeness and enhance new product performance. This helps firms respond to emerging technological trends and changes, increasing adaptability and competitiveness.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities decreased from 31.4% in October 2018 to 30.7% in October 2019, while the labor force participation rate also declined. Researchers at Kessler Foundation attribute this trend to inadequate vocational planning and rehabilitation services.
Researchers analyzed tax treaties to determine how offshoring affects domestic employment, finding that U.S. multinationals increase employment in the US when hiring abroad, albeit with regional dislocation and reallocation of workers.
The Online Photonics Meetup (POM) is a free, online conference that aims to improve access and sustainability in the field of photonics. Key findings include over 20 POM-hubs formed across four continents, which will facilitate local networking and community building among researchers and students.
A new study by University of Illinois expert J. Ryan Lamare examines how firms use alternative dispute resolution practices to resolve workplace issues. The researchers found that firms with different strategic orientations, such as efficiency and satisfaction, are more likely to use mediation or arbitration.
Researchers launch a beta website allowing users to review proposed research projects and predict outcomes, aiming to improve the rigor and credibility of social science research. The platform could help identify truly surprising results and gauge expert accuracy in certain areas.
Cornell researchers develop inexpensive, touch-sensitive soft robots to predict grape yield and detect fungal threats. The method uses machine learning to analyze plant growth patterns, allowing for early prediction and more time for planning.
Researchers discovered that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-36? plays a crucial role in protecting against the spread of herpes virus to the nervous system. This finding could lead to improved therapeutics for genital herpes, affecting millions of women worldwide.
New research quantifies governance pathways at national level, finding it will take around 2050 for global weak governance to improve. The study's results have far-reaching implications for sustainable development and adapting to climate change impacts, particularly in vulnerable countries.
Patients treated by providers later excluded from Medicare for committing fraud and abuse were more likely to die than similar patients treated by non-excluded physicians, nurses, and other professionals. The study estimates that fraud and abuse contributed to 6,700 premature deaths in 2013 alone.
A study published in Health Economics found that individuals with early-stage Alzheimer's disease face a heightened risk of adverse financial outcomes due to compromised decision-making and exploitation. The researchers tracked financial data before diagnosis and found significant reductions in liquid assets and net wealth.
The Global Health Security Index reveals severe weaknesses in countries' abilities to prevent, detect, and respond to significant disease outbreaks. The average overall score is slightly over 40 out of a possible 100, with the lowest-scoring category being having a sufficient health sector.
New research from the University of Adelaide predicts that driverless cars could increase traffic congestion in Australia's City of Adelaide. The study, which surveyed over 500 commuters, found that autonomous vehicles may lead to an adverse impact on public transport, causing peak period vehicle flows to rise.
A new UCL-led study found that the lowest-paid workers in the UK have three more years of retirement on average compared to their professional counterparts. However, they are also more likely to suffer from ill health after retiring.
A team of researchers from the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona achieved biological decontamination of an aquifer contaminated with organochlorine compounds, including perchloroethylene. The study used biostimulation of organohalide-respiring bacteria to transform the toxic compound into non-toxic ethene.
Eight European cities will receive new district heating networks built with innovative low-temperature technologies, enabling individual customers to produce energy while using it. Researchers will support companies in design, installation, and monitoring, studying new business models.
New research reveals fish are more resilient to low oxygen events than thought, with CO2 levels playing a key role in their ability to tolerate hypoxia. Sea bass shows a 20% increase in tolerance due to changes in blood chemistry, enabling haemoglobin to transport oxygen more effectively.
New research from the University of Colorado Denver finds that US refugee resettlement programs create systemic barriers to socioeconomic stability. Refugees often face intense scrutiny and calculations of worthiness, leading to limited governmental support.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed predictive analytical models to simplify the design and construction of biorefineries, enabling robust operation and minimizing downtime due to plugging problems. The models address machinery and operating conditions, reducing reliance on chemical agents in ethanol fuel production.
A study found that fine particulate matter increased by 5% between 2016-2018, leading to 9,700 additional premature deaths and $89 billion damages. The rise was associated with economic activity, wildfires, and decreased enforcement of the Clean Air Act.
The George Mason University team will examine the impact of increasing traffic and industrialization in the Arctic on its infrastructure and governance. The five-year project aims to understand the environmental and social implications of a significant increase in people, shipping, and infrastructure needs.
Researchers will explore ways to use renewable energy to increase usable water resources and produce ammonia for fertilizer. The project aims to create a multifaceted economic system sustaining small town and rural communities and maintaining agricultural production.
A recent study suggests that BRICS countries can curb the spread of invasive species by forming networks of researchers dedicated to invasion science. The study proposes a 'facilitated' network model that would allow for rapid responses to emerging alien species and substantial increases in capacity to tackle existing invasions.
A recent study found that pro sports events do not significantly impact hotel demand or revenues in Los Angeles. Despite lower average daily rates and reduced room rentals, hotels still experience no change in overall revenue due to the economic hype surrounding professional sports.
A team of Cornell University researchers will investigate the interrelationships between food, energy and water through a three-year, $2.4 million grant. The study aims to understand how ag-to-energy land-use conversions affect agricultural production, water quality and quantity, as well as electrical grid operational efficiency.
A University of Arizona health sciences researcher is working to identify effective strategies for preventing healthcare-associated infections. The study aims to inform hospital-cleaning protocols and ultimately protect patients and healthcare workers from serious infections.
Undisclosed non-financial measures linked to CEO cash bonuses are associated with worse company performance, new research reveals. However, transparent and measurable non-financial targets related to corporate social responsibility are positively linked to industry-adjusted return on assets.
The US green economy generates over $1.3 trillion in revenue annually, employing an estimated 9.5 million people, with renewables sectors experiencing significant growth. The study highlights the need for new policies to support the green economy's growth and job creation.
Researchers aim to address sustainable food systems for a growing population by developing an optimal food system from an economic and resource-use perspective. The study will examine the role of trade in making resource use more efficient and providing safe and nutritious food.
A team of international researchers recommends establishing a global coordinating body to develop international guidelines and promoting equitable sharing of benefits in the Blue Economy. This will help ensure sustainable and inclusive development, mitigating potential harms on marine environments and human well-being.
A new study by Concordia researchers finds that extreme heat days caused by CO2 emissions lead to lost labor productivity, with lower-income countries experiencing stronger economic impacts. The research estimates that every trillion tonnes of CO2 emitted could cause global GDP losses of about half a percent.
The UW's Optimizing Implementation in Cancer Control Center will develop knowledge and tools to support optimal implementation of proven cancer interventions. The center will focus on optimizing screening evidence-based interventions for cervical, colorectal, breast, and ovarian cancers.
New research published in INFORMS journal Transportation Science reveals that optimizing delivery driver shifts can reduce pick-up time by up to 50%, while choosing restaurants closer to the drop-off location can reduce delivery time by 17%. Additionally, order bundling has a limited cost improvement of less than half a percent.
A new study estimates that endometriosis may be costing the Australian economy as much as $9.7 billion dollars per year due to productivity loss and other expenses. The condition affects around one in nine women born between 1973-78, causing severe pelvic pain and fatigue.
A recent study found that the introduction and withdrawal of financial incentives for GPs had little impact on screening rates but led to an immediate increase in advice provision. Since the scheme's discontinuation, screening rates have decreased, and fewer patients receive brief advice for their drinking.
A study from Lancaster University and the University of Hagen found that parties with less stake in an issue tend to adopt extreme policy positions when creating election pledges. This is because they are more likely to pander to voters by offering attractive but potentially radical solutions. In contrast, parties with strong interests...
The Tata-Cornell Institute will assess challenges facing small-farm aggregation models in India and Mexico, with a focus on creating lessons, tools, and resource pathways to strengthen small farm aggregators. The two-year study aims to identify successful and unsuccessful strategies for making these organizations economically sustainable.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University identified three key factors influencing the interaction between employees' religious identity and workplace: personal preferences, opportunities for expression, and individual worker characteristics. The study recommends ways management can promote inclusivity and reduce conflict by creating a...
A new study in PLOS ONE shows that certain hybrids are naturally density tolerant, improving yield when planted at higher populations. Increasing populations of density-tolerant hybrids can lead to an average extra $40 per acre in profit for growers and up to $120 to $280 per acre for processors.
The article discusses how the rise of AI will shift jobs towards feeling tasks, making emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills vital for success. Research by the University of Maryland suggests that companies and individuals must adapt to this new economy, where firms need to recruit people who excel in feeling tasks.
Researchers analyze data on international emergency events between 1960 and 2015, revealing growing hazards posed by severe events linked to climate change. Economic damages rise sharply worldwide, including in temperate areas, as death tolls from extreme temperature events increase in poor and rich countries.
A study by Oregon State University found that the state's accountable-care model led to decreases in unscheduled, preventable hospitalizations among Medicaid enrollees. The model emphasizes primary care, disease prevention, and population health measurements, which may promote more efficient healthcare resource use.
A new research project will improve solar cell technology and explore new uses for photovoltaic devices. The collaboration includes five universities in three countries, with a focus on additive manufacturing and 3D printing for low-cost solar cell production.
The economic cost of natural disasters has increased disproportionately for major events like hurricanes and tornadoes, while lesser events have seen less growth. Climate change is driving these increases, with the top 1% of damages estimated to rise by $26 million annually.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities remained unchanged at 31.4 percent in September 2019, while the labor force participation rate decreased by 1.2 percentage points. Financial instability is a significant issue for people with disabilities, with many struggling to make ends meet.
Researchers from the University of Miami Rosenstiel School will study heat waves with $190,000 NOAA grant funding, aiming to improve future projections of extreme heat wave events. Heat waves are projected to increase in severity and frequency due to climate change.
Researchers found that social media influencers are creating a new ideal of the 'housewife' as an entrepreneur and consumer, showcasing their glamorous lifestyle on platforms like YouTube and Instagram. This new image challenges traditional notions of femininity and highlights the tension between private and public lives.
Researchers at UNH found a significant decline in frost days and ice days in northern forests across the US and Canada. This change could have serious implications for ecosystems, water supplies, economies, tourism, and human health. Cold temperatures help prevent disease spread and manage insects detrimental to trees.
Maps identifying suitable areas for the spotted lanternfly's establishment in the US and world have been published by Agricultural Research Service scientists. The insect has already spread to several countries and is predicted to become established in most of New England, mid-Atlantic states, and Pacific coastal states.
A new habitat-modeling study reveals large swaths of US and Europe are likely to be vulnerable to the invasive spotted lanternfly if it continues to spread. Suitable habitat for the tree and fruit pest was found in most New England and mid-Atlantic states, as well as parts of central US and Pacific Northwest globally.
Despite advances in communication and travel, international collaborations in science are threatened by political and economic realities. Current tensions between the US and China exemplify these hurdles, with concerns about foreign nations exploiting and undermining US research activities.
Researchers propose introducing sustainability criteria in bank loan agreements and stock exchange listing rules to reduce pressure on seafood resources. This could impact the majority of largest listed seafood companies worldwide, with half of external finance coming from bank loans or stock exchanges.
Reducing diesel emissions from freight trucks can lead to significant improvements in public health and the economy. By 2050, studies predict a decline in mortality rates and annual savings of $38 billion, thanks to improved air quality and technology.
A game of chance experiment revealed that German commercial fishermen are more honest than students when not under suspicion. However, when told to report their results in favor of the EU, almost one in three fishermen answered dishonestly. The study highlights the importance of trust between fishermen and regulatory authorities.
A large-scale international study found that people in economically unequal societies are more supportive of strong, even autocratic leaders. The researchers suggest that economic inequality perceptions fuel a desire for a leader who will restore order by whatever means necessary.