Articles tagged with Economics Research
A new Iowa State University study found that rurality, education, and race significantly predicted the change from Democrat to Republican in Iowa. White, rural voters without a college education were more likely to switch to Republican. The research counters the narrative that economic anxiety was the reason for this shift.
A new Stanford University study reveals that global warming has increased economic inequality globally. The study shows that most poor countries are poorer without climate change, while rich countries are richer. Economic growth in tropical countries is decreased by 17-30% due to warming.
Researchers from HSE University and London Business School analyzed Russian companies' stock prices and found profitable arbitrage deals with minimal risk. The 'buy-and-hold' strategy tends to generate higher returns than conversion strategies, despite being riskier.
A team of scientists has identified a novel lignin gene, Zm4CL1, that controls the maize bm5 mutant with reduced lignin content. The study reveals increased forage digestibility and cell wall saccharification efficiency in the bm5 mutant.
A US Department of Agriculture study found that cold exposure can cause weak honey bee colonies to fail during long-distance hauling. Colonies with fewer than 10 frames are more likely to lose bees and struggle to maintain stable temperatures, increasing the risk of failure and chilling.
According to a Concordia study, high-performing corporations are more likely to disclose hard information about their environmental practices, building trust with stakeholders. This transparency pays dividends in the long run, leading to increased public goodwill and market value.
Researchers found that IPOs lead to an increase in home prices and consumer spending in surrounding areas, with each $10 million in proceeds generating 0.7 new businesses and 41 new local jobs. However, IPO activity can also lead to gentrification and price out middle-to-lower-income residents.
Researchers at Osaka University have measured cellulose's intrinsic birefringence with unprecedented precision, paving the way for sharper TV, computer, and smartphone screens. The team envisions using cellulose nanofiber films as light compensation materials for liquid crystal displays.
A team of researchers has observed chirality in polar skyrmions for the first time in a material with reversible electrical properties. The discovery could lead to applications like more powerful data storage devices that continue to hold information even after being powered off.
A new system of measurement called CSAS aims to comprehensively assess community sustainability by addressing three pillars: economic vitality, environmental quality and social equity. The researchers propose a multi-level approach to measure sustainability, starting from neighborhoods and moving up to regions and greater levels.
Researchers developed a drug resistance index to track global trends in antibiotic therapy effectiveness. The study found that high-income countries generally have lower rates of resistance, while low- and middle-income countries face greater challenges due to limited access to newer drugs.
Research by Lancaster University reveals that school bullying increases the risk of mental health problems and unemployment by 40% and 35%, respectively, at age 25. Bullying also reduces income and academic achievement, particularly among those who experience persistent or violent forms of bullying.
The study found that participants are more confident when trying to win money, but this confidence rapidly evolves into over-confidence. In contrast, learning in a loss context mitigates these errors of judgment. The fear of losing money makes individuals more flexible and accurate in their decision-making.
A new Harvard study found that workplace wellness programs can increase healthy behaviors such as exercise and weight management, but have no significant effects on clinical measures of health or other outcomes. The study suggests that these programs may not yield large returns on investment in the short term.
A recent study by the University of Helsinki found that over half of residents on housing estates want to move away due to economic constraints. Involuntary staying is linked with perceived poor health, stress, and cramped residential arrangements.
Continuing PCV in Kenya is estimated to prevent over 100,000 cases and save 14,000 lives annually. The vaccine's full price is less than Kenya's GDP per person, making it a cost-effective option.
Researchers from Virginia Tech are undertaking an economic and environmental impact assessment for BOHEMIA, a four-year project using ivermectin MDA campaigns in Tanzania and Mozambique. The study aims to evaluate the potential indirect economic benefits of improved human and livestock productivity.
A study proposes a new target for protected areas based on biodiversity outcomes, addressing issues with current targets that focus on quantity rather than quality. The new approach involves systematic monitoring of global sites of biodiversity significance to determine the effectiveness of management practices.
A global review of water reallocation from rural to urban regions found that 69 cities receive significant amounts of reallocated water, mainly driven by North America and Asia's growing populations. The practice is expected to rise further, with 2.5 billion more urban dwellers projected by 2050.
A new research project aims to investigate how opioid use is treated in adolescence, a significant public health problem. The study will analyze insurance claims data to identify patterns of opioid use leading up to addiction and long-term treatment outcomes.
A study found that higher lead levels in topsoil significantly increase the probability of cognitive difficulties in 5-year-old boys, while 5-year-old girls are less affected. The researchers used instrumental variable methods to estimate the causal effect of exposure to lead in topsoil on cognition.
Climate researchers are searching for ice in the Antarctic that's at least 1.5 million years old to gather data on carbon dioxide and methane, and their connections to the climate's development. The BE-OI project has selected Little Dome C as the ideal site, which will be drilled into starting in mid November 2021.
Researchers discovered genes responsible for asexual reproduction in tropical grass, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving cattle health. This breakthrough enables faster and cheaper breeding of environmentally friendly forage grasses.
Researchers propose a new approach for China's electric power generation that combines coal-bioenergy gasification with carbon capture storage. This strategy could reduce CO2 emissions while improving air quality in the country by utilizing crop residue as biofuel.
A new study by Desert Research Institute researchers found that a common species of freshwater green algae can remove certain endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from treated wastewater. The algae showed significant removal rates for three EDCs, including triclosan, in ultrafiltration water.
The employment-to-population ratio for working-age people with disabilities decreased from 31.7% in March 2018 to 31.1% in March 2019, while labor force participation rates also showed decline. This suggests a tapering off of engagement of people with disabilities in the labor market.
Professor John A. Kanis has been recognized with the prestigious IOF Olof Johnell Science Award for his pioneering work in musculoskeletal research and policy implementation. The award acknowledges his development of FRAX models to calculate absolute fracture risk, which has revolutionized clinical practice.
Researchers discovered that owl monkey cytomegalovirus produces a CD48 decoy receptor called A43, which binds strongly to natural killer cells and blocks their interaction with CD48. This finding highlights the potential of using A43 as a therapeutic tool to manipulate aberrant immune responses.
German scientists discovered two new species of rare giant stick insects in Madagascar's dry forests, with males exhibiting dazzling blue or multicolored armor. Genetic tests confirm the existence of two new species, challenging previous theories on stick insect evolution and raising questions about their reproductive strategies.
Researchers aim to boost efficiency and avoid grid extension measures by increasing automation of grid operations. They are developing expert systems for real-time fault detection and co-simulation.
The UC Davis program aims to close the gender gap in STEM learning by providing mentors and hands-on STEM education tools to 11-year-old girls. The one-year pilot program will recruit 15,000 girls and pair them with mentors for up to 20 hours of guidance.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have developed a 3D-printed transparent skull implant that allows for real-time brain activity monitoring. The device, called See-Shell, provides unprecedented control and precision in studying brain function, enabling new insights into human brain conditions.
A team of researchers found that the creation of effective technologies depends on cultural processes, such as copying and iteration, rather than individual understanding. This challenges the traditional view that humans' intelligence is the primary driver of technological innovation.
A study published in Economics & Human Biology found that pregnant women who commute at least 50 miles to work are at a higher risk of having low-birth-weight babies. The longer the commute, the greater the risk. Long commutes also led to under-use of prenatal care, which could exacerbate birth outcomes.
A new study from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that counties with more forests and shrublands tend to have lower Medicare costs. The analysis revealed an average Medicare expenditure savings of $4.32 per person per year for each 1 percent of forest cover.
Researchers at Stanford University found that adopting diverse agricultural lands can provide flood control, water purification, and climate stabilization, while also doubling farmers' incomes. The 'Ecological Development Strategy' aims to support both economic growth and environmental health in rural regions like Hainan Island.
Researchers at Iowa State University are conducting a three-year experiment to gauge how quickly soil health changes after implementing prairie strips and how it reverts when the strips are removed. The study aims to answer questions about the long-term benefits and drawbacks of this farmland conservation practice.
A recent study found that nearly a quarter of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the UK view Brexit as a major obstacle to their success, with investment and exporting being significantly affected. SMEs are disproportionately impacted by uncertainty and have lower resilience to unexpected shocks.
Researchers at UC used LIDAR technology to discover ancient farm fields in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, indicating surplus crop production. The discovery supports the idea of a complex market economy among the ancient Maya civilization.
A team of researchers developed an interactive program using trade-off diagrams to support decision-making in complex scenarios. The tool allows for compromises and balancing of competing interests, increasing decision quality with contextual information. However, interactivity also improves decision-making, but to a lesser extent.
Researchers at HSE Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience propose preoperative training to enhance neurobiomechanical patterns for better motor activity. The study focuses on autotransplanting latissimus dorsi muscle for elbow flexion, showing promising results in accelerating rehabilitation.
A new study from the Monterey Bay Aquarium analyzed 150 years of tortoiseshell trade records, estimating over 9 million turtles were harvested for their shells. The study suggests that historical trade patterns may have established the groundwork for modern IUU fishing networks.
A recent study by WVU researchers found that rural Americans with migraines often face long travel distances and financial barriers to accessing specialized care. The study highlights a nationwide shortage of headache specialists, which can exacerbate the economic impact of migraine in low-income areas.
A new study by MIT researchers puts a dollar value on free digital goods people use, including Facebook ($40-$50/month), YouTube ($1,173/year), and digital maps (59 euros/$67/month). The surveys drew 65,000 responses and found significant consumer surplus beyond prices paid.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a system using unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based robots to monitor air temperatures and provide targeted heating to protect crops from frost damage. The project aims to minimize energy use while maximizing precision in frost protection, with the goal of reducing economic losses for growers.
Timothy Cook uses NSF CAREER funding to design and study self-assembling molecules and create 3D-printed magnetic structures. He works with K-12 science teachers in Buffalo to teach chemistry through hands-on models.
A recent LSU Health study reports high levels of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among women exposed to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The research found that nearly half of these women did not receive mental health treatment in the past year, underscoring the need for better access to care.
The study found that India's cesarean delivery rate has increased significantly since 2005-06, reaching 17.2% in 2010-16. However, significant regional and socio-economic disparities exist, with poorer regions having lower rates and richer areas experiencing high rates above 50%.
The UK's single-use plastic bag charge has led to a substantial reduction in plastic bag use, with the average frequency of use falling from 'sometimes' to 'very rarely'. The study also found that consumers are ready to support other environmental charges, including a 5p charge on plastic water bottles and increased fuel duties.
A world free of tuberculosis is possible by 2045 if increased political will and financial resources are directed towards priority areas including providing evidence-based interventions to everyone, especially to high risk groups. The savings from averting a TB death are estimated to be three times the costs.
A new UW-Madison study reveals that saving energy by reducing energy consumption can lead to improved health outcomes and cost savings. The research found that a 12% increase in summertime energy efficiency could reduce exposure to air pollution, resulting in the avoidance of 475 human lives annually, worth an estimated $4 billion.
Researchers found that people who can accurately detect others' emotions are also better at discerning the effectiveness of group interaction. The study suggests that managers should take people's social sensitivity into account when making decisions about team leaders.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield and Reliance Precision are developing a new technology that reduces pre-sintering needs in additive manufacturing, enabling metal powder recycling and reuse. This innovation aims to make 3D printing more economic and productive, with potential applications in various sectors.
A research team at Goethe University Frankfurt has successfully simulated the capture of protons by heavy elements in the universe. By using an ion storage ring, they were able to create conditions similar to those found in stellar explosions and neutron stars, allowing them to study the formation of heavy elements in detail.
A new interface system using augmented reality technology enables individuals with severe motor impairments to control a humanoid robot, allowing them to perform routine personal care tasks and interact with their environment. The system has shown promising results in improving the quality of life for users.
Researchers found that around half of all British farms were connected to more than 1,000 other farms per year when buying in cattle, and two-thirds were connected to over 1,000 farms when selling. This extensive network of contact chains can help identify potential routes for disease spread and inform control strategies.
Researchers from HSE and Yandex developed a method to speed up LHC simulation using Generative Adversarial Networks. The approach accurately predicts the behavior of charged elementary particles, enabling faster analysis of experimental data.
Researchers introduce 'Responsibility Exchange Theory' to understand the psychology behind thanking, apologizing, bragging, and blaming. They found that thanking and apologizing elevate both perceived competence and warmth for the recipient, while bragging and blaming decrease both.
Mariana Mazzucato receives the prize for her novel thinking on state role in public policy and innovation. Her work challenges conventional wisdom and shapes new narratives for Europe's economy.
A University of Texas at Arlington project aims to help small-scale farmers in Texas reduce costs and increase efficiency in transporting their products to market. The study will focus on collaborative transportation and aggregation, potentially leading to better income streams for producers.