Articles tagged with Economics Research
Well-managed autonomous vehicles could increase mobility, improve safety, and reduce emissions, but poorly managed ones could exacerbate environmental problems. Implementing fuel economy standards and regulations can ensure a positive outcome.
Researchers suggest that coffee farmers can maximize their profits by adopting shade-growing practices, which provide ecosystem services and reduce the need for agrochemicals. This approach can result in higher quality coffee beans with a price premium, offsetting lower yields.
Researchers studied long-run effects of immigration in US from 1850 to 1920, finding economic benefits that lasted, including increased manufacturing output and innovation, as well as improved social capital
A dollar-for-dollar matching subsidy effectively reduces hospital-acquired infections, according to a study by CDDEP and Princeton University. The researchers found that subsidies should be given to hospitals with lower transmission rates to improve infection control for both facilities.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have successfully completed a Phase I trial for the Bridge-Enhanced ACL Repair (BEAR) procedure, which helps the ligament regrow itself. The study showed promising results with no graft or repair failures and similar recovery times between the BEAR group and traditional reconstruction.
Biomedical engineers at Columbia University have demonstrated that neurofeedback can modify an individual's arousal state to improve performance in sensory-motor tasks. The study used brain-computer interface technology to reduce participants' arousal levels, leading to improved task completion rates and duration.
A new study suggests that meeting a 2-degrees Celsius warming limit by 2100 is exceptionally difficult, but pursuing aggressive carbon-neutral energy production and rapid reductions can provide a hedge against high climate sensitivity scenarios. The researchers emphasize the need for immediate global action to mitigate climate change.
A study by RAND Corporation finds that nocturia, a health condition causing frequent nighttime bathroom visits, can lead to economic losses of $44.4 billion annually in the US. People suffering from nocturia report lower life satisfaction and work engagement, resulting in lost productivity and GDP.
Researchers found that cash transfer programs can exacerbate environmental degradation, particularly in rural areas where livelihoods depend on natural resources. The study suggests that these programs need to be implemented with environmental policies to maximize their effectiveness.
A new international consortium, led by Dr. Kathy Neuzil of the University of Maryland School of Medicine, aims to introduce the typhoid conjugate vaccine in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The research highlights challenges such as surveillance, antibiotic resistance, and cost-effectiveness.
A Cornell University team found that the NYS apple industry generates an additional $2 billion in industry output and nearly 12,000 jobs due to its significant support of related industries. The new framework for economic impact analysis provides a more accurate picture of the industry's economic contribution.
A recent study published in Hypertension Research found a significant association between early onset menstruation and high blood pressure in late adulthood. The research suggests that women with early menarche may have less optimal developed cardiovascular systems, increasing their risk for hypertension.
A new study from ESMT Berlin reveals that women have higher success rates at crowdfunding scientific projects than men. The research analyzed data from over 700 campaigns on Experiment.com and found that students and juniors are more likely to succeed in crowdfunding, with women obtaining more funding than men.
A PSU study suggests that eliminating coal as an energy source could help the US reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet its Paris Climate Agreement goals. The researchers propose an energy portfolio based on natural gas, efficiency, wind, solar power, and biofuels, with nuclear power also considered.
Researchers found that democracies employ broad-based investment in health and human capital, leading to improved economies. Countries that have democratized within the last 60 years tend to start off slowly but eventually catch up with nondemocracies.
A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that serving healthy meals to a family of four can be done for $25 per day, consistent with the USDA low-income cost of food meal plan. The study used menu planning and access to bulk supermarkets to achieve this cost.
US breast cancer patients experience significant economic burdens due to treatment side effects like lymphedema. Patients advocate for policy changes and institutional adaptations to address these challenges. Recommendations include improved insurance coverage, expanded support services, and enhanced financial assistance.
A recent study published in The BMJ found a correlation between the use of advanced airway management and electrocardiographic rhythm during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. For non-shockable patients, AAM was associated with improved outcomes, including recovering neurological function and early hospital discharge.
A study by University of Göttingen researchers found that the village of Heckenbeck in southern Lower Saxony has successfully implemented sustainable infrastructure and initiatives to improve quality of life and create conditions for sustainable consumption, mobility, and education. Regular meetings between pioneers and residents have ...
A study published in Frontiers in Nutrition found that consuming a casein shake just before overnight sleep increases muscle protein synthesis, leading to bigger squat and quad gains. This effect is thought to be due to increased total protein intake, not just the bedtime beverage.
A new study estimates that living in districts with intense crop residue burning increases the risk of acute respiratory infection three-fold among children. The study also found that crop burning causes an estimated USD 30 billion annual economic loss due to exposure to air pollution. Implementing targeted government initiatives can i...
A study by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) finds that technological advances in agriculture are not sufficient to address biodiversity loss, which is driven by population and economic growth. The research highlights the need for policies addressing these factors to mitigate biodiversity decline.
Researchers from the University of Plymouth detail a blueprint for city marine parks to connect urban areas with their people and the reciprocal benefits of the marine environment. The study highlights the potential of these parks to contribute to community wellbeing, economic prosperity, and sustainability.
A study of dengue fever's economic burden in Burkina Faso, Kenya, and Cambodia found high costs for patients in African countries. The average cost of inpatient care was $26 in Burkina Faso and $134 in Cambodia.
The Goethe University co-ordinates a mega-project on cybersecurity and data protection, with a total grant of €16 million. The project aims to establish international standards in cybersecurity and boost the effectiveness of Europe's security capacities.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a novel flexible tube display that utilizes liquid droplets to create interactive surfaces. The system can take various surface shapes and provides information through streaming colored fluids, allowing for intuitive finger manipulation. This innovative technology has the potential to revo...
Professor Marjan van den Akker is appointed as endowed chair for polypharmacy and health services research, focusing on frequent disease combinations and their medical treatment. She aims to improve care for patients with multimorbidity by developing and evaluating interventions.
Researchers discovered that paper mulberry tree evolved complex flavonoids to attract nitrogen-fixing bacteria, promoting healthy growth. This symbiosis has led to the development of high-quality feedstock, medicine, and food products.
Research found that long working hours, particularly 55+ hours a week and/or weekends, are associated with increased depressive symptoms in women. Women in male-dominated occupations often work longer hours, while those in low-paid service sector jobs tend to work weekends, both linked to depression.
The study found that men aged 15-54 years and women aged 15-49 years exposed to the ICDS program during their first three years of life completed 0.1-0.3 more grades of schooling than those not exposed. This significant long-term benefit highlights the importance of early-life interventions in improving educational outcomes.
A new study from Duke University reveals that patient savers quickly choose the higher amount, screening out irrelevant factors, and making decisions with minimal analysis. The research aims to provide strategies for improving financial literacy and promoting savings.
Researchers at La Trobe University and CSIRO found that early sowing of winter wheats can increase Australian wheat crop yields and global food security. The approach could add $1.8 billion to the national economy, with potential yield increases of 20%.
The ancient people of Zhokhov Island in the High Arctic exchanged objects, including obsidian, through fairs. They practiced reindeer and polar bear hunting, with evidence suggesting a well-developed transport system that connected them to mainland territories.
A study analyzing over 50,000 living rooms across six continents found that people tend to follow cultural trends when decorating their interiors. Americans, regardless of income level, also showed similar efforts in interior decoration.
A new study found that US-based patient advocacy organizations received 74% of total contributions from the world's 10 largest pharmaceutical companies in 2016. The study highlights inconsistent reporting and disclosure across countries, impeding transparency of pharma contributions to patient advocacy groups.
Researchers found that sealing holes less than 3mm wide can keep out most brown marmorated stink bugs. Removing dead stink bugs can also deter new arrivals, while 'seeding' traps with corpses may improve performance but requires further testing.
Researchers have developed a prosthetic that restores the sense of where your hand is, allowing amputees to feel tactile sensations and proprioception in real time. The new device uses intraneural stimulation to deliver simultaneous position and tactile feedback, resulting in improved function and prosthesis embodiment.
A study by Libertad González and colleagues found that children born prematurely due to the scrapping of the 'baby cheque' subsidy weighed less at birth and had more hospitalizations, mainly respiratory issues. However, no long-term effects were observed on their health.
A study by the University of Exeter found that people are 25% more likely to give more to charity if they make a commitment before receiving an unexpected cash windfall. Participants who were asked to donate before learning about their lottery win were also 23% more generous.
A global carbon tax would benefit low-carbon economies relative to high-carbon ones, creating winners and losers within each group. Countries with more hydropower or nuclear power would hold a distinct competitive advantage.
A new study found that nearly half of newly licensed nurses work overtime, while over 1 in 10 have a side job. The researchers analyzed surveys from over 4,500 nurses and found that they work an average of 39.4 hours a week, predominantly in 12-hour shifts.
The Mount Sinai Health System, in collaboration with UC San Diego Health, has released a national framework report that identifies regulatory, financial, and technological obstacles to improving local and state EMS systems. The report provides recommendations to create a more dynamic system responsive to society's needs.
A new study by Bioversity International shows that crowdsourced citizen science can improve and accelerate crop variety recommendations, enabling farmers to adapt to climate change. The approach, called tricot, uses farmer-generated data to generate recommendations that are representative of local conditions.
A research team from the University of Science and Technology of China has developed a simple solution to fabricate large-area Ag-nylon flexible transparent windows for high-efficiency PM2.5 capture. The material shows excellent mechanical stability and can be used as both a thermochromic smart window and a high-efficiency PM2.5 filter.
A proposed blockchain-based platform can record researchers' workflows and track analysts' decisions in meta-analyses, facilitating transparency and reproducibility. This approach aims to identify inconsistencies between contradictory results by pinpointing individual timestamps of analytic decisions.
Researchers from UC3M and UAB found that companies with more financial analysts are more likely to acquire innovative companies, make corporate venture capital investments, and reduce internal R&D expenses. This leads to a better allocation of R&D resources, an increase in the number of patents, and improvement in their quality.
The COMET Project aims to create a low-carbon special powertrain research center at TU Graz, focusing on CO2-neutral fuels, hybrid drive technology, and electric powertrain components. The four-year project is funded by six million euros and strengthens Austria's research and production location.
Researchers at MIT have developed a process to convert concentrated brine from desalination into useful chemicals, including sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. This can reduce costs and minimize environmental impact by reducing the need for costly pumping systems and minimizing marine ecosystem damage.
Researchers found that slits less than 3mm wide and holes less than 7mm wide can successfully exclude most brown marmorated stink bugs. The study provides guidance on how to keep stink bugs out of homes and buildings.
Research from the University of Kent reveals that walking simulations are blurring art forms, creating a new genre with stories akin to reading a book. Games like Dear Esther engage players more than traditional video games, making it a fantastic way to tell a story.
A University of Kansas researcher found that streetcar systems do not solely drive development activity, with incentives playing a significant role. The study's results suggest that the association between streetcars and development is context- and place-specific.
A new study by University of North Carolina at Charlotte researcher Jill Yavorsky and colleagues finds that men control the majority of income resources in top one percent U.S. income distributions. Women's income alone is sufficient for one percent status in only 5% of elite households, highlighting a glass ceiling that extends beyond...
A world-first study maps out regional variations in courage and entrepreneurship, finding that courageous regions have higher start-up rates but lower survival rates. Courage is associated with risk-taking and higher failure rates, posing a 'blind' courage that may undermine realistic evaluations of risks.
Research found that healthy women using birth control pills are poorer judges of subtle facial expressions than non-users. OCP users were nearly 10% worse on average at recognizing the most enigmatic emotional expressions.
Researchers have identified a potential economic opportunity for Greenland by exploiting its abundant river sediment, which has a market value equivalent to half of the country's GDP. Sand export could provide a new revenue stream, but it would require careful assessment of environmental impact and collaboration with local authorities.
A new study highlights the need for contextual data collection alongside clinical trials to tailor interventions and improve their effectiveness. Researchers found that factors like local health policies, healthcare workers' concerns, and patient understanding influence adherence to antibiotic prescriptions.
A Yale research team found that nearly half of non-elderly adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease report financial hardship due to medical bills. The study reveals significant financial distress among these individuals, including cutting back on essential medications.
Researchers used X-rays to study lithium ion transport in batteries, revealing how fast charging causes lithium plating and reduces battery performance. The study aims to improve fast-charging technologies for electric vehicles.
A study published in Nature Communications found that the 2008 recession was associated with a greater decline in mortality rates in Europe. The researchers analyzed data from 15 European countries and found that periods of economic recession were linked to lower levels of pollution, fewer accidents, and sedentary lifestyles.
Researchers Profs. Sonia Kang and Sarah Kaplan offer five solutions to address structural and systemic barriers to advancing women in science, medicine and global health. The authors challenge common myths about diversity and inclusion and propose innovative interventions to create a more inclusive environment.