Articles tagged with Economics Research
A new study measures regional job creation due to native predators' regulating services, finding that American kestrels can save farmers up to $357 of cherries per dollar spent on nest boxes. Building these boxes is estimated to generate 46 to 50 jobs and over $2 million in increased revenue for Michigan's economy.
A new expert consensus review found that a balanced diet with sufficient protein intake can benefit adult bone health, particularly in seniors with osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake is crucial to support the benefits of dietary protein on bone density and reduce fracture risk.
A new study from the University of Texas at Dallas found a relationship between socioeconomic status and brain function in adults, with higher SES associated with more organized brain networks and thicker cortex. This suggests that socioeconomic factors may impact brain health even in middle age.
Researchers analyzed national hospitalization data from 2010-2014 and found that MRSA-related hospitalization costs were approximately the same as or less expensive than hospitalizations with MSSA infections. However, patients with MRSA infections had a greater likelihood of mortality than those with MSSA.
Researchers analyzed precisely dated measurements of lead pollution in Greenland ice cores to uncover links between estimated lead emissions and historical events. The study found that lead pollution increased during periods of prosperity, such as the Phoenician expansion, and peaked under the Roman Empire.
A new study reveals that India experiences an average of 239,000 excess female child mortality annually, primarily in rural areas with lower education and socioeconomic development. The researchers argue that addressing gender discrimination is crucial to reducing mortality rates among girls under five.
A new study finds that lead pollution in Greenland ice closely tracks known plagues, wars, social unrest and imperial expansions during European antiquity. The team's detailed analysis reveals that lead emissions rose and fell along with historical events, including the rise of the Roman Empire.
Estimates of uncertainty in long-run economic growth forecasts indicate a need for greater caution in climate policy and social programs relying on long-run growth projections. The study suggests that there is a higher than assumed probability of exceeding the highest values in greenhouse gas emissions scenarios.
Researchers found substantially higher uncertainty than assumed in current climate change studies, with a median per capita output growth rate of 2.03% per year. This new understanding of uncertainty will affect policy planning globally.
A study from Indiana University's Kelley School of Business found that female entrepreneurs seeking initial investment through crowdfunding efforts are perceived as more trustworthy than their male counterparts. This perception increases overall investment in female-led ventures, leading to higher funding success rates.
Recipients of government aid in rural Indonesia receive 26% more subsidized rice after receiving simple information cards with program details. The study found that tangible information provides bargaining power, allowing villagers to negotiate better outcomes.
The study found that good relationships, social engagement, and everyday functioning are linked to better quality of life for people with dementia. Factors such as poor mental or physical health, agitation, and unmet needs are associated with lower quality of life.
Researchers found that the Baltic Sea is experiencing extreme changes, such as warming and oxygen-free zones, which can be used to predict future global ocean changes. The region's unique characteristics make it an ideal model for studying coastal ocean management and sustainable development.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that financial strain is the primary factor influencing health care decisions for low-income patients. The researchers recommended that physicians take a proactive approach to recognize and address financial strain in their patients, rather than misinterpreting it as noncompliance.
Researchers found that a person's cross-sectional annual earnings taken at one point in time have greater predictive power of their 20-year long-term earnings, ahead of occupation-based classifications. A person's level of education also had slightly better predictive power.
According to the April 2018 National Trends in Disability Employment report, Americans with disabilities added another month of job gains, increasing their employment-to-population ratio from 28.2% to 30.6%. This gain outpaces that of non-disabled individuals, who saw a slight increase in employment-to-population ratio.
A study published in Scientific Reports found that focusing solely on a species' rarity or economic impact can lead to an underestimation of its true value. Considering multiple values, such as cultural significance and economic importance, reveals that every species plays a crucial role in society.
A US study tracked antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii infections among children from 1999 to 2012, finding an overall increase in resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems, but a decline after 2008 due to improved infection control measures.
A new framework helps interpret engravings on stone artifacts, suggesting Neanderthals engaged in symbolic activities. Researchers analyzed a flint flake from Crimea and concluded that the incisions were deliberate, requiring fine motor skills and attention to detail.
Researchers analyzed the effects of socialist Salvador Allende's electoral victory and subsequent nationalizations, finding a significant decrease in firm values. A second 'institutional shock' occurred with the coup that replaced Allende with Augusto Pinochet's autocratic rule, leading to a surge in stock market values.
A new state-by-state analysis reveals US government investment in global health research and development generates considerable economic benefits, creating jobs and injecting millions of dollars into local economies. The study also highlights the dangers of ignoring neglected diseases in an increasingly interconnected world.
The Keck School of Medicine of USC is launching a landmark $1.5 billion National Institutes of Health-led program to develop precision medicine. The program aims to create a demographically, geographically and medically diverse participant community, especially those underrepresented in biomedical research.
A new study from Trinity College Dublin found that palliative care significantly improves patient experience by reducing hospital stays and costs. For patients with complex health needs, which often come with high costs, palliative care can expedite discharge and improve outcomes.
A growing financial disparity occurs in couples' financial literacy over time, driven by relationship roles and responsibilities. This can lead to difficulties in managing finances post-divorce or widowhood, as individuals struggle with unfamiliar financial tasks.
A new study suggests that ISIL activity was not funded by oil as previously thought. The research used remote sensing technology to estimate oil production in areas controlled by the group, finding that production quickly fell after expansion.
Researchers have developed a 'risk score' to identify vulnerable older people in hospitals, enabling hospitals to provide more holistic care and improve outcomes. The 'Hospital Frailty Risk Score' was able to identify older people at increased risk of harms, longer stays, and readmission.
The UK EPSRC has funded 11 research projects to address challenges in building trust, privacy and security in the use of personal data and digital technology. These projects focus on areas such as personalised e-books for children's reading, IoT devices in homes, and trusted sharing of personal health data.
Research reveals that Chinese young people buy counterfeit products based on cultural influences, with some viewing it as a way to express anti-corporate ideology and prudence. The study found four types of consumers: victim brand illiterates, larkers, anti-corporate activists, and status matchers.
A new RAND Corporation paper warns that AI's potential to encourage risky behavior and undermine strategic stability poses a significant threat to global security. Improved sensor technologies and the rise of first-strike capabilities could erode mutual assured destruction, making nuclear war more likely.
A groundbreaking study by Case Western Reserve University estimates that exposure to domestic violence carries significant long-term consequences for children and society. The research found that the average cost to the national economy over a child's lifetime is nearly $50,000, including increased medical costs, violent crimes, and pr...
A study found that ride-sharing platforms, such as Uber, may be performing similar roles to human managers, but with limited driver input. The platform prioritizes the needs of riders over drivers' concerns, leading to a blurred line between employee and contractor status.
A new MIT study estimates that China's climate policy would improve air quality and human health, saving $339 billion in health costs by 2030. The researchers used a new modeling approach to simulate the effects of different policy scenarios on provincial air quality and public health.
A study of 2.3 million LinkedIn users found that revealing the number of applicants increases applications from diverse backgrounds, including women and inexperienced workers. This could help companies close diversity gaps and bolster labor markets.
Scientists have discovered key features that explain how two very similar fungi, one causing crop failure and the other producing mycoprotein for consumption, differ in lifestyle. The study highlights potential targets for disease control.
A four-year grant will support the Program on Water, Health & Development (WHD) in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Niger, Ethiopia and Uganda. WHD aims to develop concrete plans for expanding water services to all residents within a target district, guided by the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals.
Kristin O'Donovan's NSF-funded project examines how local governments learn from disaster experiences and the limits of policy change, shedding light on vulnerability differences between communities.
A recent study published in Families in Society The Journal of Contemporary Social Services found that social workers have the capability to mitigate impending financial calamity before it happens. Further training could strengthen their abilities to stave off foreclosure, supporting families in connecting with resources.
A new study finds that people covered by universal health coverage will likely fall far below the UN's Sustainable Development Goal 3 target by 2030. Global health spending is expected to double over the next 20 years, with high-income countries projected to spend nearly 45 times more on healthcare than low-income countries.
The UTSA Open Cloud Institute is supporting collaborative R&D partnerships and creating educational opportunities through a $200,000 grant program. The institute is also launching a graduate-level certificate program in cloud computing to incorporate cloud expertise into engineering, computer science, and cybersecurity degrees.
Researchers have identified three aldehydes in the skin of infected children that attract mosquitoes, which could lead to better malaria detection and control. The study's findings provide insight into the parasite's infection route and offer opportunities for developing new biomarkers and insect traps.
A new study by Wolfgang Lutz and Endale Kebede found that higher levels of education are associated with longer life expectancy, even after adjusting for income. This challenges the traditional view that rising income is the key to a healthier and longer life.
KTU has won EUR 2.4 million Horizon 2020 funding to attract top academics, boosting innovation economy and strengthening its competitiveness in the European Research Area. The project focuses on Industry 4.0's impact on management practices and economics.
Researchers Gary Lewin and Norbert Hübner are investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological and heart diseases. They hope to identify ion channel anchors and characterize them at the molecular level, laying the groundwork for therapies that address tactile disorders and heart failure.
Researchers examined how cultural perceptions affect compensation of female CEOs in China, where women earn significantly less than men. Female CEOs can narrow the pay gap by exhibiting agentic qualities or working in female-dominated industries, but not both.
Researchers at zoos and aquariums have published a substantial number of papers on biodiversity conservation and other scientific topics. The study highlights the importance of age, size, and mission statements in determining research output.
A new Harvard Medical School study published in The BMJ found that a doctor's political affiliation has no bearing on clinical decisions at the end of life. Despite previous research suggesting personal beliefs influence decisions, this analysis of nearly 1.5 million Medicare beneficiaries reveals no differences in treatment patterns b...
A recent study published by the University of Southern California found that people from different countries have vastly different perceptions of their physical activity. The study, which tracked participants in the US, Netherlands, and England, revealed that Americans tend to overestimate their activity levels while Europeans underest...
A new study highlights the potential health benefits of a US salt reduction strategy, which could prevent 450,000 cardiovascular disease cases over 20 years. The policy aims to reduce sodium intake in processed foods, resulting in significant cost savings for healthcare systems and the economy.
A modeling study estimates that US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sodium reformulation targets will reduce cardiovascular disease cases, saving lives and costs. The study projects a gain of approximately 1.1 million discounted quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and $19 billion in societal costs.
Scientists have isolated a gene controlling the shape and size of wheat spikelets, which could lead to significant yield increases. The study, published in The Plant Cell, reveals that a genetic mechanism linked to another known 'Green Revolution' gene influences floral architecture in major cereals.
Research found that US-born ethnic minorities experience increased mortality risk in communities with high anti-immigrant prejudice, while foreign-born immigrants seem to have a mortality advantage. This counterintuitive finding suggests that community-level prejudice may be a key factor in health outcomes for immigrant groups.
The European Research Council has invested €650 million in advanced frontier research, with 269 senior researchers across Europe receiving funding for groundbreaking projects. The grants are expected to lead to major scientific advances and potentially create jobs.
A study found that one in ten low-income families with health insurance experience catastrophic medical expenses for chronic heart disease care. Low-income families are three times more likely to experience a significant financial burden compared to middle- to high-income families.
The National Science Foundation's GRFP program has announced the offer of 2,000 fellowship awards to high-potential scientists and engineers. The awardees come from diverse backgrounds, including women, underrepresented minority groups, persons with disabilities, and veterans.
A new study by the University of Southern California finds that high-deductible health plans increase the risk of financial trouble and out-of-pocket spending for low-income and chronically ill consumers, who are more likely to face excessive financial burden or financial disaster. The study shows that enrollment in high-deductible pla...
A study by researchers at MIT and NREL found that carbon taxes can be an effective way to curb emissions of greenhouse gases. The analysis showed that depending on the exact mechanism chosen, such a tax can also be fair and not hurt low-income households. The most efficient way to achieve reductions in terms of overall impact on the ec...
Researchers found that major adverse events like divorce or death of a family member can measurably accelerate brain aging in older men. The study used MRI scans to assess brain volume and cortical thickness, predicting brain age difference based on life-changing events.
Research at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden links specific DNA variants to IBS in women, explaining its higher prevalence compared to men. The study found associations with constipation-predominant IBS and harder stools, reinforcing the role of sex-hormones.
A study found that structural and functional connections between the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex are associated with individual differences in risk tolerance. Individuals with higher risk tolerance had larger amygdalas and more functional connections, suggesting a link between brain function and economic decision-making.
Researchers found that recovering gold, copper and other metals from e-waste is more cost-effective than obtaining them from mines. The study estimated that urban mining could save up to 13 times the cost of traditional mining methods.