Articles tagged with Economics Research
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that children from low-income backgrounds are more likely to smoke cigarettes and less likely to binge drink as adolescents. Economic strains in early life erode self-control, leading to substance use, while positive parenting mitigates this effect.
Participants in studies estimated higher monetary damages for intentional harm than unintentional harm, suggesting people perceive intentional harm as more damaging. This finding has implications for legal and policy-related judgments, potentially leading to over-allocation of resources to prevent highly intentional harms.
Researchers warn of an 'economic time-bomb' in the Arctic due to thawing permafrost, which could trigger catastrophic climate change with a global cost of $60 trillion. The release of methane from the East Siberian Sea alone would have a mean global impact of this value.
The National Science Foundation has awarded Wayne State University a $25,000 planning grant to develop a strategic plan for a field-based water research center. The center, known as HEART, will focus on urban systems and the environment along the Huron-to-Erie corridor, impacting over 4 million people.
A study from the European Social Survey found that women working full-time still do two-thirds of the household chores, despite an increase in women in the labor market. However, this burden is not matched by men, who may actually benefit from a more equal distribution of housework.
Researchers at NUS have developed novel water purification methods using apple and tomato peels, showing promise for economically disadvantaged communities. The techniques can remove various pollutants from water, including dissolved organic and inorganic chemicals.
A recent Carnegie Mellon University study found that providing recommended calorie intake information on menus does not encourage consumers to make healthier food choices. Despite this, policymakers have continued to rely on menu labeling as a tool in the fight against obesity.
A new study reveals that changing crop species massively alters the content of microbes in the soil, helping plants acquire nutrients and regulate growth. Soil grown with peas was highly enriched for fungi, while oat and pea cultivation shifted the balance towards protozoa and nematode worms.
A new study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that unattractive colleagues are more likely to be subjected to cruel treatment at work. The study, published in Human Performance, suggests that physical attractiveness plays a significant role in how employees are perceived and treated in the workplace.
A study published in Science magazine found that current agricultural policies result in considerable financial and environmental costs. The research suggests refocusing public policies could improve the situation by rewarding farmers for ecosystem services like climate change mitigation, biodiversity conservation, and water regulation.
Scientists at A*STAR's Singapore Immunology Network discovered a new class of white blood cells that play a critical role in the first line of defense against harmful fungal and bacterial infections. The findings have significant impact on vaccine design and targeted immunotherapies.
A new study suggests that using free market platforms to combat climate change can be as effective as mandatory emissions cap and trade schemes. Researchers monitored the European Climate Exchange and found it efficient in reducing carbon emissions.
Dr. Daniel Kahneman, a Nobel laureate and CASBS Fellow, receives the award for his work integrating insights about decision-making from psychological research into economics. The SAGE-CASBS award recognizes outstanding achievement in advancing the understanding of behavioral sciences as they are applied to pressing social issues.
High school students became more concerned for others and the environment during the Great Recession, according to a new study. Researchers found that students who graduated from high school during the recession were more interested in social issues and saving energy.
During the Great Recession, high school students in the U.S. became more concerned about others and the environment. According to a study published in Social Psychological and Personality Science, recession-era students were more interested in social issues and environmental concerns.
The Ruhr-University Bochum research team has successfully identified the structure of an enkephalin in solution and tracked its interaction with opioid receptors. This discovery provides a precise starting point for developing drugs to combat specific types of pain.
Researchers develop a self-contained toilet unit that can treat 1200 users' daily fecal waste using supercritical water oxidation technology. The process produces clean water, heat, and excess energy, making it a sustainable solution for communities in developing countries.
Patients in Medicare HMOs were more likely to receive recommended preventive services and rated their primary care physicians favorably compared to traditional fee-for-service plans. The study found that older, larger not-for-profit HMOs performed better on these measures than smaller for-profit ones.
The new journal aims to provide a forum for discussing the economic aspects of water resources, including extraction, pollution, and allocation. The first issue is freely available online on ScienceDirect and features articles on topics such as willingness to pay and water conservation incentives.
A new report from the University of East Anglia finds that current UK farming subsidies distort land use decisions, resulting in significant financial and environmental costs. The research suggests that reforms to EU subsidies could improve land use efficiency and reduce costs, while also conserving wild species and promoting recreation.
A study by the Economic & Social Research Council found that women know less about politics than men globally, regardless of country's gender equality rating. The research reveals a significant gap in news coverage, with women being underrepresented and cited less often.
A study by Duke University researchers has discovered that the brain's ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a small area between the eyes, calculates both emotional and economic values. The vmPFC plays a key role in value tradeoffs, such as determining whether to part with hard-earned money for a product.
Researchers found that partition dependence, where breaking down possible outcomes into specific intervals, leads people to overestimate the likelihood of certain events. This bias was observed in various prediction markets, including lab experiments and natural markets, such as horse racing.
The University of Nottingham has established a leading £18 million national power electronics research centre to develop the next generation of power electronics components and devices. The centre will bring together academics and industry partners to create an environment for innovation and knowledge transfer.
Researchers found widespread 'modern slavery' in England among refugees and asylum seekers, with coercion and abuse common, and calls for improved welfare support and workplace regulation to prevent exploitation. The study's findings highlight the need to recognize and address forced labor as a criminal offense.
A new study has identified countries with the worst and best funding for biodiversity conservation, revealing a need for improved global distribution of conservation funds. The research found that underfunded countries often harbor high levels of threatened mammal biodiversity, highlighting opportunities for targeted conservation efforts.
A study identifies 40 countries as most poorly funded for biodiversity conservation, harboring 32% of threatened mammalian species. The researchers suggest how funding should change to achieve the UN's 2020 goals on reducing extinction.
A study of 7268 participants found that individuals who reported stress affecting their health were twice as likely to have or die from a heart attack. The researchers suggest that patients' perceptions of stress impact on their health can be an accurate predictor of coronary disease.
Researchers found that exposure to images of Chinese culture impairs English fluency, with higher recognition of literal translations and faster processing times. This disruption occurs due to the automaticity of frame-switching, which sometimes interferes with second-language performance.
A new study published in EPJ B suggests that specific parameters can help avert economic collapses. By optimizing macro-economic parameters, economists can move an economy around a tipping point, thus averting disaster.
AcademyHealth recognized Donald M. Steinwachs, Ateev Mehrotra, and Zirui Song for their significant contributions to health services research. The awards honored their scholarship, teaching, and leadership in improving healthcare effectiveness and patient outcomes.
New research funded by the Economic and Social Research Council reveals that athletes who recognize early when a goal is unattainable are more successful at achieving their main career goals. Athletes with self-motivation find it harder to disengage from an impossible goal, leading to psychological distress.
Researchers found a conserved phospholipid enzyme, PIKfyve, crucial for insulin signaling in muscle cells, leading to glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. The study's mouse model exhibits metabolic defects similar to human prediabetes, offering new insights into treating these conditions.
Using sound waves, researchers can create repeatable patterns of metallic nanomaterials onto substrates that are incompatible with conventional lithography methods. The technique allows for the patterning of nanowires with tunable spacing and density, enabling potential applications in various fields.
The E2e Project, a joint initiative of the Energy Institute at Haas and MIT's Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, aims to evaluate and improve energy-efficiency policies and technologies. The project seeks to provide valuable guidance to government and industry leaders, as well as consumers, on how to make smart choices.
The proposed system, ALFs, uses augmented reality glasses and cell phone symbols to enable immediate and private feedback from students to professors. The system aims to overcome timidity and fear of speaking in class, allowing for more effective lecture classes.
International Economics is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research papers on various topics in international economics. The journal is dedicated to advancing our understanding of global economic relationships and the world economy.
A team of scientists, led by Professor Alan Wilson, tracked domestic cats in Surrey using GPS collars and cat-cams, revealing the extent of their daily roams. The study, funded by EPSRC, BBSRC, and DARPA, aimed to showcase scientific research methods to the public and demonstrate the utility of tracking technology.
The University of Texas at Austin's Nanoelectronics Center will receive a five-year, $7.8 million award from SRC and NIST to develop novel ultra-low-power transistor research. The goal is to create transistors that consume significantly less energy than current devices, with potential applications in mobile computing and manufacturing.
A new study by John Helliwell and colleagues found that communities with better social capital and pro-social behaviors are more resilient during crises, leading to improved happiness. The research suggests that social trust and quality social networks play a crucial role in mitigating the impact of economic shocks.
The Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice has transferred to BioMed Central, supporting its growth and development. The new focus will cover high-income economies and provide a platform for researchers to share evidence and perspectives on global pharmaceutical policy.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that patients with timely access to GP appointments made fewer A&E visits. The study analyzed data from a national survey of patients' experiences of GP practices in 2010-11, revealing a 10.2% lower rate of A&E visits for the best-accessed practices compared to those with the worst access.
A study by Harvard researchers shows that making participation observable can significantly increase sign-ups for a California blackout prevention program, with a three-fold increase compared to using cash incentives alone. Observability puts people's reputation at stake, encouraging those who might not otherwise sign up to do so.
Scientists at ICFO have developed a method to measure weak forces with sensitivity 50 times higher than previous methods, enabling magnetic resonance imaging of individual molecules. This breakthrough could lead to significant advances in medical imaging and diagnostics.
A new study by the Consortium on Financial Systems & Poverty finds that Thailand's healthcare reform led to a significant reduction in infant mortality rates among the poor. The '30 Baht Program' increased hospital payments for indigent care, resulting in more poor people seeking medical treatment and improved health outcomes.
Research from the University of Sheffield reveals a decline in Europe's undeclared economy from 22.3% to 18.4% of GDP between 2003 and 2012. The study found an east-west divide, with southern European countries having larger undeclared economies.
A recent study published in Social Science Information challenges the long-held notion that humans are separate from animals. Dominique Lestel argues that species loss has a symbolic consequence on our culture, and that every species contributes to our being and meaning.
The Deepwater Horizon oil spill trial aims to compensate for $40 billion in damage to the Gulf of Mexico. Restoration projects include rebuilding barrier islands and marshes.
A study by TUM found that cheerful women are perceived as less willing to lead, while pride is positively associated with leadership qualities. Researchers hope to develop training programs to challenge stereotypes and assess men and women beyond limitations.
Researchers have developed a faster method to identify Salmonella strains, reducing the time it takes to detect outbreaks from one to three days. The new approach, called CRISPR-MVLST, is comparable in accuracy to existing methods and has the potential to be much cheaper.
A new study estimates that employers pay an average of $5,816 annually above the cost of a person who never smoked for each employee who smokes. The highest costs are due to lost productivity and health-care expenses exceeding insurance costs for nonsmokers.
The Canadian government has launched a new program, Genomic Applications Partnership Program (GAPP), to move genomics-based solutions from laboratories to the marketplace. The program aims to stimulate investment in projects addressing real-world challenges and opportunities in genomics, with a total investment of $90 million.
Researchers found that entrepreneurial personality structure is more prevalent in Western US states, Germany's Berlin-Hamburg axis, and Great Britain's East of England region. This correlation suggests a link between regional personality traits and entrepreneurial activity.
A new study reveals that squid are vulnerable to acidic conditions in the ocean, which could have far-reaching effects on the ecosystem. The research found that squid reared in more acidic seawater were smaller, had misshapen statoliths, and took longer to develop.
A new study by Tali Kristal suggests that the decline of labor unions is the main reason for the surge in corporate profits and decline in workers' wages. The study found that industries with high unionization rates saw a large decrease in labor's share of income, while lightly unionized industries experienced little change.
Chimpanzees and bonobos display negative emotional responses to failed risk-taking decisions, including vocalizations and tantrums. The apes' emotional responses are influenced by individual differences and species-specific traits.
Researchers used a new method combining observations and climate models to project future warming, finding 63% of uncertainty came from single sources such as climate sensitivity. The study suggests that exceeding 6 degrees warming is unlikely, while exceeding 2 degrees is very likely for business-as-usual emissions.
A Wayne State University researcher found that affective commitment, or feeling loyal and proud of an organization, is the most desirable type. The study also showed that continuing commitment, driven by salary and benefits, can lead to employees staying too long due to high costs.
Wayne State University has received a second year of funding from the New Economy Initiative to expand its Technology Commercialization Office's efforts. The university will use the grant to enhance marketing tools and licensing staff, increasing the availability of WSU intellectual property assets to industry and venture capital.
A team of economists found that offering gift cards increased the likelihood of donating by 26-52%, and even motivated people to donate for the first time. The authors argue that such incentives can help address blood shortages, particularly in low-income countries where donations are scarce.