Articles tagged with Long Term Memory
A study published in Nature Communications elucidated transcription factors and enzymes controlling brain processes through DNA methylation, shedding light on long-term memory storage. This research has significant implications for understanding Alzheimer's disease and potentially enhancing learning.
Scientists have detailed the structure of calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), a key protein involved in encoding memories. The study reveals how CaMKII binds to actin filaments, forming rigid bundles that support dendritic spines and enable cognitive functions.
Drosophila melanogaster forms a stable long-term memory for its body size and reach after hatching from the pupal case. The insects learn to estimate distance across gaps by linking visual information with their body size, retaining this knowledge for life.
A recent study in mouse neurons reveals how the protein CPEB3 primes neurons to store long-term memories. P bodies, specialized isolation chambers within neurons, contain dormant CPEB3 and transfer it to synapses, where it strengthens connections and stabilizes memories.
A Johns Hopkins University study reveals that older adults with weaker brain connections experience interference, making it harder to access long-term memories. The research highlights the importance of suppressing irrelevant information for optimal cognitive function.
Researchers found that snails can store and recall two unrelated memories but struggle with similar ones. They discovered an overlapping mechanism causing proactive interference, leading to the loss of older memories. Practicing interweaving and learning different topics can help retain more information.
A breakthrough study reveals the anterior cingulate cortex plays a crucial role in synchronizing brain waves to retrieve long-term memories after two weeks. This discovery could lead to new treatments for Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia by understanding how our brains process and access older memories.
Researchers at U of T discovered the human hippocampus is sensitive to time information on short timescales, helping bind together information about time when forming long-term memories. The study builds on a previous rodent study that found 'time cells' in the hippocampus.
Researchers found that blue whales' migration patterns are driven by the timing of spring phytoplankton blooms and their ability to remember stable foraging sites. This allows them to optimize food tracking and forage in areas with higher long-term productivity.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo found that histamine improved people's long-term memory test scores, especially for those with poor memories. The study showed mice could recognize toys they'd seen as long as 28 days ago after receiving a medication that increases histamine in the brain.
Researchers found that engram neurons, responsible for long-term memory, are formed through a transcriptional cycling process involving MAPK and CREB. This discovery has implications for understanding the mechanisms of learning and improving memory, as well as developing treatments for memory impairment.
A study published in Psychological Science found that exploring objects through touch generates durable memories, even when participants don't intend to memorize details. Participants recalled objects with high accuracy after just one week, challenging existing cognitive and neural models of memory storage.
A neuroimaging study found that the hippocampus responds strongest to event boundaries in everyday experiences, such as films. The researchers discovered a strong match between participants' hippocampal activity and independent observers' identified transition points, varying according to their agreement on these points.
Studies using 64 and 28 participants revealed that recalling a target memory enhances retention of both the target and a linked object, with neural activity reinstated in parietal lobe regions. This suggests that retrieval may be an efficient method for memory enhancement.
Research on GHB users found associations with negative emotions identification, altered brain processes during verbal long-term memory and working memory, lower IQ, and increased stress and anxiety. Brain scans revealed changes in brain activity and connectivity between memory-related pathways.
A recent study published in the journal Addiction found that individuals who experience hangovers continue to exhibit impaired cognitive function, including poorer attention and memory, the day after a heavy drinking session. This highlights the need for workplaces to reconsider their guidelines on alcohol intoxication at work.
Weiwei Zhang, a UC Riverside psychologist, has received a five-year, $1.4 million grant to investigate how the brain supports encoding, maintaining, and accessing precise short-term and long-term memories.
Researchers have found that non-invasive brain stimulation during sleep can improve memory consolidation and generalization. The study used a closed-loop transcranial alternating current stimulation system to synchronize brain activity during slow-wave oscillations, leading to enhanced performance in detecting targets in novel situations.
Research shows that synapse-specific plasticity is necessary and sufficient for associative fear memory storage, guaranteeing uniqueness to the memory trace. This process enables the selective erasure of fear memory from an engram network without affecting other memories stored in the same ensemble.
Researchers discovered the intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of Ataxin-2 facilitates its association with other pathogenic proteins, contributing to ALS and SCA2 progression. It also plays a vital role in long-term memory formation and rewiring the nervous system.
Researchers discovered that rewriting long-term traumatic memories involves the activity of specific neurons in the brain's dentate gyrus. This finding supports the use of exposure-based therapy as a effective treatment for PTSD and other trauma-related disorders.
Scientists found that a specific region of the Ataxin-2 protein helps form long-term memories but drives neurodegeneration in ALS. Flies with altered Ataxin-2 protein showed resistance to neurodegeneration and normal short-term memory, highlighting the importance of this protein region.
A study published in eNeuro demonstrates that memories can be transferred between organisms by extracting ribonucleic acid (RNA) from a trained animal and injecting it into an untrained animal. This finding provides new clues in the search for the physical basis of memory.
A new University of Bristol study reveals that two types of nicotinic receptors play distinct roles in long-term memory retrieval and encoding. The study suggests that drugs targeting individual nicotinic receptors could lead to more effective therapies for dementia.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have identified a specific molecule that plays a key role in forming long-term memories. By controlling this molecule, a drug could be developed to relieve the block on new memories in dementia patients and help repress painful memories in post-traumatic stress disorder sufferers.
Researchers used fMRI to study brain activity while watching Memento, finding repeating patterns in the brain that correspond to key scenes. These 'neural fingerprints' help viewers piece together the storyline, revealing insights into how the brain processes narratives and memory.
Researchers identify protein Npas4 as key controller of synaptic strength in CA3, essential for encoding contextual memories. Without Npas4, synapses become over-strong and unable to be further strengthened.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum investigate the brain area responsible for storing odours as long-term memories. They found that the piriform cortex is involved, but only works in interaction with other areas, and requires instruction from the orbitofrontal cortex to establish long-term memory.
A study led by UC Berkeley researchers found that a small pool of immune cells remain alive for years after vaccination, developing unique features such as methylation patterns to keep them primed and ready to respond to the same microbe. This discovery may help scientists develop better vaccines and understand differences among diseases.
A study from the University of Waterloo found that reading information aloud enhances long-term memory by leveraging the dual action of speaking and hearing oneself. This 'production effect' is particularly beneficial for learning new information, suggesting a simple yet effective method to improve memory retention.
Researchers have identified a neural mechanism that allows us to segment our experience into discrete memory units, which are then stored in long-term memory. This process involves the identification of boundary events, which trigger the reactivation of memories and enable the formation of prediction models.
Researchers found that reduced levels of Staufen2 are associated with a specific impairment of memory in rats. The study shows that Staufen2 plays a crucial role in conveying messenger RNAs to synapses, which is essential for learning and memory formation.
A study by NUS researchers has identified the potential role of a neuropeptide named Substance P as a mediator of social memory in area CA2 of the hippocampus. This finding suggests that Substance P may play a key role in forming social memories, including distinguishing between familiar and novel faces or objects.
Researchers tested participants 24 months after a decade-long memory test, finding they recognized 55% of the original images. The study suggests three exposures are sufficient for long-term image recognition.
Researchers observed coordination between high-frequency oscillations and parts of the association cortex, which helped explicit memories transition from hippocampus to association cortex for long-term storage. The coupling was strengthened during sleep after learning.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed new software and hardware designs to improve the performance and reliability of non-volatile memory systems. The 'Proteus' system uses a flexible and fast approach to logging, reducing the need for additional code and preserving long-term memory reliability.
Researchers have identified a novel compound called HT-0411 that enhances long-term memory in animals, leveraging CREB activation and monoamine oxidase B inhibition. The study suggests potential for pharmaceutical enhancements of human memory.
The study found that brain activity in regions called the default mode network represent a kind of higher-level processing, building up representations of what's happening in the world around us. Participants who had previously watched the 'Sherlock' episode could anticipate events and recall them in the same order, suggesting that chu...
A University of Exeter study found that drinking alcohol boosts memory recall for information learned before the drinking episode began. Those who consumed more alcohol showed stronger effects on memory performance.
Researchers at NYU conclude that memory is fundamentally structured in the time domain, with a 'temporal hierarchy' of time windows altering brain state. This theory explains how short-term memories can transform into long-term ones.
Researchers discovered that dendritic mitochondrial flash, also known as 'mitoflash,' is essential for converting short-term memories into long-term ones. The study revealed that mitoflash facilitates the transition from short-term to long-term synaptic potentiation through a bi-directional interaction between mitochondria and synapses.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center found that selective memories can be erased from snail neurons, potentially developing drugs to delete memories triggering anxiety and PTSD. The study's results could lead to the development of treatments for these conditions by eliminating non-associative memories without affecting ass...
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have discovered a brain mechanism that enables more efficient multitasking by reactivating learned memories. This process prevents interference from competing tasks and can improve learning and memory functions in daily life.
Researchers found that childhood chemotherapy affects skills like quick task switching and remembering new information, but not long-term memory or concentration. High p-Tau levels predict future cognitive problems.
A Penn study found that acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) regulates gene expression in neurons to form and store spatial memories. Blocking ACSS2 impairs long-term memory, suggesting a potential target for neurological disorders like anxiety and depression.
A recent study by Kevin Trewartha at Michigan Technological University explores how context and distraction influence our memories of weight expectations. The research found that the brain maintains multiple representations of size-weight relationships, with limited crosstalk between unconscious and conscious memories.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have shown that electrical stimulation delivered when memory is predicted to fail can improve memory function. The study found that stimulating the brain during periods of poor function significantly improves memory, likening it to restoring normal traffic flow.
Researchers discovered that memories are formed simultaneously in the hippocampus and long-term storage location in the cortex. Traces of memories remain in the hippocampus for two weeks before becoming mature, challenging standard models of memory consolidation.
Cognitive psychologists at Johns Hopkins University have made a key discovery about human memory, linking it to the ability to track an object's movement. They found that people's memories improve significantly with rich details about how an object's appearance changes as it moves through space and time.
Four NYU faculty members have been awarded Sloan Foundation fellowships for their innovative research, transforming fields such as neuroscience, finance, and chemistry. Jayeeta Basu aims to understand long-term memory formation, while Johannes Stroebel focuses on financial decision-making of households.
Scientists have identified specific groups of neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex that develop codes to store relevant information from multiple experiences. Over time, these neurons lose less important details unique to each experience. The findings provide new insight into how the brain collects and stores useful knowledge.
Research reveals that red-footed tortoises remember visual cues associated with different reward values, including quantity and quality of food, for a significant period. This long-term memory enables them to make informed foraging decisions, improving fitness by reducing the need to re-evaluate food sources.
Rutgers scientists have discovered a protein (CRTC1) that enhances memory by controlling gene expression in the hippocampus, a brain area responsible for learning and memory. The research found that mice with higher CRTC1 activity had better long-term memory and exhibited stronger gene transcription.
A new study by UCR psychology professor Weiwei Zhang found that familiarity with a subject can boost memory capacity. Participants were shown Pokémon characters and asked to remember them in working memory; those who were more familiar with the characters remembered more.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University discovered that the brain temporarily blocks new memory formation upon waking to prevent disruption of memory consolidation during sleep. This process involves a protein synthesis-dependent mechanism that inhibits learning just after awakening.
Researchers at the Stowers Institute discovered Orb2's role in encoding memory and forming long-term memory in fruit flies. The protein's prion-like ability transforms into clusters under certain conditions, which helps stabilize memories.
A neuroscientist is studying the link between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol abuse to identify potential treatments. The researcher hopes to pinpoint brain areas involved in processing fear memories and develop methods to break the cycle of dependency.
The study found that neurons fire to relatively few concepts, which tend to be largely related. Internet searches were used to establish degree of association between concepts and show that these associations are encoded by neurons in memory areas.
Researchers discover a cellular mechanism by which brain deactivates and then gradually reactivates neurons in the temporal association cortex. This discovery challenges the idea that all neurons are present and fully active from birth.
A new study reveals that children's brains need healthy activation before preschool to develop learning and memory functions. Younger rats showed latent memories that were retained until later life, while older rats formed lasting memories through a critical period in brain development.