A study by Jungmeen E. Kim, Ph.D., and Phyllis Moen, Ph.D. found that newly retired women experience higher depression if their husbands remain employed, while newly retired men with employed wives face more marital conflict. In contrast, retired men who re-employ show higher morale.
Dr. Jeremy Knowles, Harvard University Dean, to discuss two millennia of lead toxicity at the American Chemical Society meeting in New Orleans. The speech highlights progress made on remedial action taken in recent decades.
A study by Colorado State University researchers found that students who reported more anger in response to common driving situations were at risk for anger, aggression, and accidents. Both groups of drivers were more alike than different in terms of their risk levels.
University of Rochester scientists use the herpes virus to modify brain cells, making them more resistant to death after a stroke. The study aims to provide a new way to save patients from years of disability caused by strokes.
A nonradioactive substitute for 'screamingly radioactive' storage tanks has been developed to aid in nuclear waste clean-up, potentially saving hundreds of millions of dollars. The synthetic sludge mimics the deadly sludge found in underground nuclear waste storage tanks and can be handled safely by lab workers.
At the American Chemical Society's national meeting, Chef John Folse and Shirley Corriher will demonstrate how chemistry can improve cooking techniques, flavors, and presentation. They will share their expertise on the chemistry of food, including topics such as Maillard reactions and emulsification.
INEEL researchers develop polyphosphazene membranes for efficient chemical separation and waste minimization, offering stability up to 300 degrees Celsius. The hybrid membrane combines organic and inorganic molecules for improved durability and versatility.
A special symposium at the American Chemical Society meeting explores how food chemistry enhances the eating experience, delivers essential nutrients, and helps lower chronic disease risk. Chemists, food producers, and a chef will share their perspectives on biotechnology's role in tailoring foods to satisfy palates and prevent diseases.
The American Chemical Society has recognized Lawrence Carosino and team for their oil barrier technology, producing reduced-fat French fries. Carlyle Caldwell pioneered research on modified food starches, expanding preserved and frozen foods.
A study found that large doses of vitamin C can reduce levels of stress hormones in the blood and boost the immune system. Vitamin C also reduced indicators of physical and emotional stress, such as loss in body weight and enlargement of the adrenal glands.
Researchers investigate ways to prevent brain cell death, explore the role of vitamin C in stress reduction, and develop new fibers with antimicrobial properties. The study also sheds light on children's exposure to environmental contaminants and potential indicators for future health problems.
A new study by University of Washington researchers found that children with learning disabilities have difficulty retrieving basic information, leading to impaired ability in reading, writing, and math. The study suggests that specialized interventions may be required to help children overcome these different kinds of disabilities.
Researchers are working to create a better lung surfactant mixture that can be easily produced without batch variance, tailored to specific cases. The new formulation aims to reduce mortality rates by 30-50% for infants with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
Daniel W. Armstrong, a renowned radio personality and chemistry professor, has been awarded the Helen M. Free Award for Public Outreach by the American Chemical Society. His weekly radio show, We're Science, promotes better understanding of science and technology in daily life, reaching over 70 million people worldwide.
Researchers found that airplane crash survivors have lower levels of anxiety, depression, and PTSD symptoms compared to non-crash air travelers. The study suggests that survivors may benefit from experiencing a traumatic event, providing a resource for recovery.
A University of Toronto research team has isolated a gene that allows plants to grow in highly saline conditions. The gene encodes a transport protein called Na+/H+ antiport, which prevents sodium ions from harming the cell and draws water into the plant.
Researchers are focusing on two isoflavones in soy: genistein and daidzein. Preliminary evidence suggests that predominantly daidzein may be of greater cardiovascular benefit.
A Penn State neuropsychologist emphasizes the need for individualized assessment when determining an athlete's readiness to return to play after a concussion. Reliable Change scores can provide a general guideline, but their application is limited by factors such as practice effects and difficulty in determining significant differences.
Infrared microspectroscopy enables the analysis of localized chemical content in extremely small specimens. Kansas State University chemist David Wetzel and co-author Steven LeVine have pushed the technology's applications to the forefront of biological research.
A longitudinal study of over 600 adult participants found a significant seasonal effect on depression, hostility, anger, irritability, and anxiety, with winter months showing the highest levels. The researchers suggest diet, activity, and light exposure may contribute to these seasonal mood differences.
A special news briefing will be held on August 23rd to discuss the latest research on children's environmental health risks. The symposium, part of the American Chemical Society meeting, features a panel of experts who will share their findings on the dangers of chemicals in the environment and pet products.
Researchers found that soil erosion has been steadily decreasing since the 1930s, with erosion now at a mere 6% of its peak during the Dust Bowl era. The study's findings suggest that conservation efforts are working and watersheds are more intricate than previously thought.
Research suggests that bullying is a continuum of behaviors, with many students engaging in both bullying and victimization. Teachers and parents can play a crucial role in supporting affected students. Effective interventions require changing school climate and tailoring approaches to address physical aggression and bullying.
A new study found that treating entire communities with oral antibiotic azithromycin effectively controls an infection causing widespread eye disease. The treatment reduces the number of infections by up to 90% compared to topical therapy, offering a promising solution for controlling trachoma in endemic areas.
Researchers found a dual-purpose protein, FucR, that allows Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron to control its nutrient intake by silencing or activating genes involved in fucose metabolism. This communication mechanism may be crucial for maintaining intestinal ecosystem stability and preventing the overgrowth of harmful microbes.
A new study by psychologist Harold D. Fishbein, Ph.D., and sociologist Neal Ritchey, Ph.D., found no significant effects from the attitudes of friends on an adolescent's prejudices or stereotypes. The researchers administered questionnaires to 426 ninth and eleventh graders at two nearly exclusively white Catholic schools.
Four experts will discuss their findings on the chemistry of addictions involving cocaine, alcohol, and PCP at a news briefing. The experts will provide insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential treatments for these addictions.
The partnership will focus on materials science, biotechnology, Earth sciences, propulsion, optics, and other areas that support NASA's mission. The center aims to reduce expenses and maximize scientific return by sharing facilities and ideas.
Researchers found that a single night of disrupted sleep increases levels of interleukin-6, leading to daytime fatigue and decreased well-being. Healthy young men with normal sleep patterns experienced increased IL-6 secretion during the day after missing a night of sleep.
Researchers found that larger sprocket sizes and higher chain tension can significantly increase bicycle drive train efficiency, while lubrication has a minimal impact. The study's results could have implications for other chain-driven devices, including conveyor belts and factory production lines.
The AAAS study recommends using federal funding for research on human stem cells, including embryonic stem cells already isolated in laboratories. However, the derivation of human stem cells should not receive federal funding due to public anxiety surrounding its process.
Thomas Holme, a chemistry professor and TV personality, receives the Helen M. Free Award for Public Outreach from the American Chemical Society for his efforts to increase public awareness of chemistry through TV appearances and local activities. His segments air on WTMJ-TV, reaching an audience of over 200,000 viewers since 1995.
A new study by researchers at the University of Georgia suggests that condom use can lead to closer and more intimate relationships. The study found that insisting on condom use sends a positive message to a partner, leading to greater respect, safety, and less regret after sex. However, the issue is often never discussed due to embarr...
A study found that over 80% of wild rats in the US have HEV antibodies, suggesting they are a natural reservoir for the virus. This raises concerns about the possibility of infected rats transmitting the virus to humans, although experts emphasize there is no evidence of human risk.
Research reveals highest species diversity of planktonic foraminifera in middle latitudes, contrary to traditional model. Sea-surface temperature can accurately estimate zooplankton diversity.
Jeff Wheelwright, a renowned environmental writer, has won the American Chemical Society's James T. Grady-James H. Stack Award for Interpreting Chemistry for the Public. His work aims to ease public fears about chemicals in the environment and promote understanding of chemistry.
A landmark study published in Science found no evidence of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) infection in 160 patients who received living pig tissue transplants. The study, which tested the safety of xenotransplantation, showed that pig tissue can survive in the human body for long periods with no ill effects.
Research finds that ship sulfur emissions contribute to acid rain, damage vegetation, and form clouds over the ocean. The study highlights the importance of addressing this issue for solving part of the global climate change puzzle.
Researchers developed a system that enables users to interact with a computer-controlled map using natural speech and hand gestures. The system recognizes spoken words and gestures, allowing users to locate buildings and parking lots on the Penn State campus.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that centenarians who undergo surgery have a comparable survival rate to the general population, contrary to popular opinions. The researchers found that older individuals can recover quickly and do well after surgery with advancements in drugs and surgical techniques.
Researchers found that genetic variation significantly impacts an individual's sensitivity to estrogen, challenging traditional laboratory-animal-based safety tests. The study suggests that genetic makeup should be considered when prescribing estrogen and related hormones for medical purposes.
A study found that untreated hypothyroidism in pregnant women is associated with lower IQ scores in their children. Children of mothers treated for the condition showed similar intelligence levels to those born to healthy mothers. Early detection and treatment may mitigate the negative effects.
Scientists have developed a genetically engineered animal model of schizophrenia, displaying behaviors consistent with the disease. The new model targets NMDA receptors, which may lead to improved treatment options and better understanding of the illness.
Scientists at Emory University create transgenic mice with a prairie vole vasopressin receptor gene, showing increased social behavior and adopting gregarious behaviors. The study provides an explanation for the species difference in receptor distribution and its impact on social behavior.
A new species of rabbit with distinctive brown stripes has been identified in the Annamite Mountains of Laos. Genetic analysis reveals a close connection to a critically endangered Sumatran species, suggesting divergence around 8 million years ago.
Researchers have correctly predicted dyslexia in 8-year-olds from brain waves just hours after birth, suggesting earlier detection could reduce reading problems. The study suggests selective damage to nerves in the fetal brain may cause dyslexia and that early intervention could be beneficial.
Researchers at UNC-CH have developed a gene therapy method that targets specific types of cells, avoiding the less effective 'shotgun' approach. The technique successfully corrects genetic defects in primitive stem cells, which can be used to treat inherited blood disorders like hemophilia and non-inherited illnesses such as cancer.
Researchers found an immune molecule that kills damaged cells indirectly by closing receptors to a life-saving protein, shedding new insight on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and stroke. The findings could lead to targeted treatments for brain injuries and diseases involving neurodegeneration.
Researchers are using naturally occurring microbes to clean radioactively contaminated walls and ceilings at a shut down reactor in the UK. The technology removes surface contamination through a microbial decontamination process, significantly reducing waste treatment costs and improving personnel safety.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a complex domino effect that causes cardiomyopathy in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD). The study suggests that drug therapy targeting vascular smooth muscle could prevent or stabilize cardiomyopathy in some cases of LGMD.
A Harvard Medical School study reveals that physician guidelines for estrogen replacement therapy fail to address women's concerns and needs. Researchers found that patients value healthcare provider opinions, media influences, and friend opinions when making decisions about hormone replacement therapy.
Researchers have identified a structural anomaly in the Taq DNA polymerase enzyme that hampers its performance in DNA sequencing. By modifying this anomaly, scientists created an improved version of the enzyme, which increases sequencing speed and reduces errors.
A recent study found that the majority of nurses in hospitals and nursing homes are ill-prepared to care for the elderly, with many having no formal training in gerontology. The study calls for increased geriatric education in nursing programs to ensure optimal care for older adults, who account for a growing share of healthcare needs.
Andrew Hamilton, an organic chemist at Yale University, is being honored with the American Chemical Society's Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award for his work on designing molecules that can control cell growth in cancer treatment. His research focuses on targeting a protein called Ras, which accounts for over 30% of all cancers.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have identified a potential new approach to treating glaucoma by inhibiting an enzyme that produces excessive nitric oxide, leading to cell damage. The study found that rats with elevated eye pressure lost less than 10% of their retinal ganglion cells when treated with the inhibitor.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is hosting a public forum to gather public comment on stem cell research recommendations. The event will feature a panel discussion with experts from various fields, including science, ethics, and policy.
Researchers from around the world are measuring fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Atlanta's air to understand its health effects and sources. The study aims to develop better instruments for measuring PM2.5 and its composition, with potential implications for controlling ozone and PM-related pollution.
The American Chemical Society's national meeting will feature discussions on topics such as environmental health risks, antibiotic resistance, and the origin of elements in the solar system. More than 5,600 papers are scheduled for presentation to an expected 12,000 scientists.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed a scale to measure air travel stress, finding that men and women experience it differently. The study suggests that anxiety and anger can trigger stress, but also highlights the importance of coping mechanisms such as relaxation skills and adaptive behavior.
Researchers find limited flow of male genes between subpopulations in India due to historically prevalent marriage system. However, they observe certain trends of haplotype sharing between upper and lower castes, suggesting rare conduits for male genes across social ranks.