A genetic variant of HIV linked to rapid disease progression in the US and Europe is rare in Africa, according to a new study. The findings may impact the design of HIV vaccines and therapies for underdeveloped regions where the epidemic is expanding.
The Johns Hopkins University hurricane test house, built in 1997, has collected over 2,000 data sets on wind pressure and movement, shedding light on the impact of powerful winds on coastal homes. The research aims to inform building codes and reduce property damage caused by hurricanes.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have adopted Belarusian-developed magnetorheological finishing (MRF) technology to polish high-precision optics, including camcorders, CD players, and telescopes. The process uses a unique slurry that changes viscosity in response to magnetic fields.
A study by Daniel I. Sessler and colleagues found that surgical pain increases the risk of infection by reducing tissue oxygenation, which is crucial for fighting infection. The study showed that patients with minimal pain had higher tissue oxygenation concentrations and a lower risk of infection.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered novel regulatory mechanisms that move serotonin transporters on and off the cell surface. This finding opens possibilities for developing new antidepressant drugs with novel actions.
Researchers have identified a substance produced by the tuberculosis bacterium that triggers an immune response, suggesting it could enhance vaccine effectiveness. The substance, combined with vaccines, may push the body's immune system in the right direction to fight tuberculosis and other microbial infections.
Researchers identified two genetic elements, AE5' and AE3', that regulate human Factor IX expression, leading to increased coagulation capacity with age. The study provides insight into the molecular basis of age-related changes in blood clotting.
Researchers found that a common antibiotic, gentamicin, can arrest disease progression in 15% of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients with a specific genetic mutation. The approach may also be effective for similar subsets of people with other genetic disorders. Small-scale clinical trials are planned to test the treatment.
Researchers found that tamoxifen causes the estrogen receptor to form a unique pocket that changes its response to the drug. New drugs targeting this pocket may offer hope to patients with breast cancer resistant to tamoxifen.
A large-scale study by the University of Chicago found that immunotherapy, a treatment aimed at preventing recurrent miscarriage, is not effective. Women who received this treatment had more and later miscarriages compared to those receiving a placebo.
The National Science Board has approved a new Science and Technology Center to develop environmentally friendly processes using alternative solvents. The center, led by Dr. Joseph DeSimone and Dr. Ruben Carbonell, aims to reduce organic waste generated in manufacturing and chemical production.
The University of Southern California has received a historic gift of $110 million from the W.M. Keck Foundation to establish the Keck School of Medicine and enhance its health sciences program. The donation will focus on neurogenetic disorders, with potential breakthroughs in understanding and treatment of debilitating diseases.