Researchers mapped areas of Africa at risk for RVF outbreaks, identifying conditions necessary for breeding mosquitoes that transmit the virus. Satellite data also suggested a link between dry to wet changes in tropical regions and Ebola outbreaks.
Researchers investigate how electrical impulses travel through cardiac tissue and how impaired cell communication affects heart health. They develop a computer model that shows how electrical activity spreads like a fire in a forest, and find that spiral waves breaking up into multiple spirals may be similar to the patterns that cause ...
Researchers found that high-dose, short-term chlorambucil treatment resulted in sustained inflammation reduction for 77% of patients with severe, non-infectious uveitis. The study's findings suggest that chlorambucil may become a preferred treatment option for these patients.
A study found that two forms of bias in cause-of-death classification affect the results of randomized trials on cancer screening. Sticky-diagnosis bias biases against screening, while slippery-linkage bias biases in favor of screening. The authors suggest using all-cause mortality to accurately assess the value of screening.
Researchers found that response rates, survival rates, and quality-of-life outcomes are similar between elderly patients (ages 70+) and younger patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Additionally, studies report an increased risk of lung cancer after Hodgkin's disease treatment, especially in smokers, and analyzed cost-effectiveness...
A Dartmouth study found biases in cancer screening trials that may have overestimated its benefits, suggesting a need for alternative mortality analysis methods. The research recommends using all-cause mortality alongside disease-specific mortality to ensure accurate assessment of screening's value.
Biologists at Princeton University discovered a protein that initiates biofilm formation in E. coli bacteria, using a 'touch sensor' mechanism to sense solid surfaces. This finding suggests disrupting this sensing mechanism could be an effective strategy for developing new antibacterial agents targeting biofilms.
Researchers plan to use cycler spacecraft, which would constantly ferry people and materials between Earth and Mars, to enable human exploration and colonization of the Red Planet. The cyclers would rotate slowly to create artificial gravity and provide comfortable accommodations for passengers on long trips.
A Stanford study shows that hormone therapy can improve mental health and reduce depression in women experiencing hot flashes, but may have negative effects on those without symptoms. The research suggests that women should discuss their individual risks and benefits with their doctor before making a decision.
A statewide study found that people who used tanning lamps were 2.5 times more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma and 1.5 times more likely to develop basal cell carcinoma than non-users. The risk of these skin cancers increased with younger age at use.
A new study found that individuals who used tanning devices were 2.5 times more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma and 1.5 times more likely to develop basal cell carcinoma compared to those who did not use them. The risk of these cancers increased with the age at which participants started using tanning devices.
A new study found that a single session of moderately intense exercise improves cognitive function in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly in verbal fluency. The effects are cumulative, suggesting that regular physical activity is necessary to maintain mental benefits.
A retrospective analysis of 574 patients with non-small cell lung cancer found that older patients tolerated chemotherapy regimens comparable to younger patients. However, psychological distress and neutropenia were more prevalent in the elderly population. The study suggests that functional status is a key factor in determining treatm...
A NASA-funded study utilizes satellite data on temperature and vegetation to forecast West Nile Virus transmission and identify high-risk areas. The analysis reveals that mosquito populations thrive in warmer, wetter conditions, allowing researchers to pinpoint disease hotspots and make predictions about future outbreaks.
A new bioremediation process, Bioavailability Enhancement Technology (B.E.T.), has been successfully tested at the Idaho National Laboratory's Test Area North. The technology accelerates the degradation of trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater plumes, making it a cost-effective solution for cleaning up contaminated aquifers.
The Cornell and Contour Comet Challenge encourages students and teachers to create educational programs about the spacecraft's goal to study comets. The challenge includes two winning teams that will receive a trip to Kennedy Space Center and educational materials.
Researchers at Jefferson Medical College and University of Barcelona found that moderate drinking from one to four drinks a day improved heart function in men with alcohol-related heart failure. The study suggests a threshold drinking level for alcohol-related heart damage, below which there is no harm.
The new guidelines recommend a diet rich in carbohydrates or monounsaturated fats, with an emphasis on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and low-fat milk. Increasing fiber intake from foods like grains, fruits, and vegetables is also recommended to improve diabetes control.
A five-year project aims to create a tool that allows researchers to compare DNA, proteins, and biological factors between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues. This database will be built on unidentifiable data from 1.6 million pathology reports and six million tissue blocks from various Indianapolis hospitals.
The HIV/AIDS epidemic in Mozambique is taking a toll on education, leading to reduced school enrollments, graduation rates, and quality of education. The report predicts that the country's economy will be smaller than expected by 2010 due to reduced productivity growth, population growth, human capital accumulation, and physical capita...