Distant attraction
A study found that insect feeding by a spruce gall adelgid caused large galls to form, inversely correlated with distance from buds. Chemical stimuli were determined to be the cause of gall formation.
Science News for January 29, 2003
New protocol speeds up Internet resource sharing
A new protocol developed by Penn State professor Jonghun Park can allocate resources up to 10 times faster than existing technology. The decentralized protocol allows for efficient resource allocation, solves deadlock and livelock problems, and enables collaboration across multiple independent organizations.
Surfactant curtails nanotube clumping in water, removing a major barrier to many applications
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that a readily available chemical called sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (NaDDBS) can disperse nanotubes in water with remarkable efficiency. This discovery represents an important step towards wider applications of nanotubes.
NASA joins snow study over the sea of Japan
NASA's Aqua satellite and a P-3 Orion aircraft are conducting a joint research effort to gather data on snowfall and rainfall in Wakasa Bay, Japan. The study aims to improve the accuracy of global hydrologic cycle data and better understand precipitation patterns in the north Pacific.
Rice University announces nanotechnology research agreement with IBM
The collaboration between Rice University and IBM aims to improve the understanding of carbon nanotubes' mechanical, structural, and electronic properties. By utilizing the powerful CBEN supercomputer, researchers can tackle complex quantum mysteries and develop new algorithms for theoretical molecular science.
Newly discovered cellular process helps cells respond to DNA damage
A newly discovered cellular process allows cells to initiate a series of events that halt the growth of damaged cells and help them survive. The activation of ATM, an enzyme that responds to DNA damage, enables cells to better respond to cancer-causing mutations and environmental toxins.
NIH study shows MRI provides faster, more accurate way to diagnose heart attacks
Researchers found that MRI accurately diagnosed acute coronary syndrome in 84% of patients, outperforming traditional tests like EKG and blood enzyme test. MRI detected all patients' heart attacks, even those with normal EKGs, and identified more patients with unstable angina.
Ocean surface saltiness influences El Niño forecasts
Scientists studying the western Pacific Ocean find regional changes in saltiness correspond to changes in upper ocean heat content before an El Nino event. Observing salinity improves predictions, suggesting a lag time of six to 12 months for modifications in ocean layers.
Clean air act reduces acid rain: UMaine research shows recovery in New England elusive
New England waters show little net change in acidity despite Clean Air Act reductions, researchers say; further changes expected as nitrogen regulations take effect.
Vitamins C and E may enhance effectiveness of insulin for diabetes
A UC Irvine study found that adding antioxidants to insulin therapy can improve its ability to reduce blood sugar and prevent organ damage. Treating rats with insulin alone only partially succeeded, but vitamins C and E spared sugars, proteins, and nitric oxide from attack.
Antibodies critical for fighting West Nile Virus infection
Researchers found that B cells and antibodies are essential for controlling the infection in mice. Without them, even low doses of the virus can be deadly. The study's findings may explain why elderly people and those with weakened immunity are more likely to develop serious disease.
New study shows tea extract protects skin
A recent study found that white tea extract protects the skin's immune system by preventing oxidative stress. The extract also limits DNA damage and promotes anti-aging benefits, suggesting potential protection against skin cancer.