A new theory by Steven Frank proposes that cancer progression speeds up with age, leading to increased incidence in older adults. As people age, fewer stages remain before cancer develops, resulting in higher cancer rates.
Scientists have successfully grafted primate testes into mice, resulting in the rapid production of fertile sperm. This breakthrough could preserve genetic material from endangered nonhuman primates and offer reproductive options to men rendered infertile by cancer treatments.
Researchers have found that bacterial DNA from probiotics can reduce inflammation in mice with experimental colitis. The study discovered that purified probiotic DNA activates a specific element within the innate immune system, which helps to slow down inflammation.
The decline in hormone therapy (HT) use was attributed to the release of data from two long-term studies showing that HT did not protect against heart disease and may even increase the risk. The study found that women who took HT had a higher risk for heart disease and breast cancer compared to those who did not take HT.
UT Southwestern researchers are studying the effect of supervised exercise on individuals taking SSRIs, with preliminary results indicating positive responses from patients. The goal is to determine if exercise can augment SSRI treatment and reduce all symptoms of depression.
Researchers at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign found that combining RU 486 with relaxin could hasten labor and promote healthy delivery in rats. The study suggests that this two-drug approach may also shorten painful labor and reduce Caesarean sections in humans.
A recent survey found that most Americans remain confident in the safety of their beef supply following a confirmed case of mad cow disease in Washington State. The study suggests that consumer confidence has been boosted by government actions and trust in food regulators, but some have expressed concerns about the risk of transmission.
A UCSD study found that inactivated probiotics can effectively alleviate colitis in mice, suggesting a new approach to IBD treatment. The study also identified the innate immune system as a key player in the beneficial effects of probiotics.
Researchers created an experimental model that limited radiation to the site of cancer in mice, demonstrating a localized single radiation dose decreases painful behavior and increases limb use. Treated mice had significantly less bone destruction and tumor burden, leading to greater pain relief.
The study found that nonspecific clinical diagnosis, unreliable testing methods, and communication issues hindered effective diagnosis of pertussis during the outbreak. Despite these challenges, the epidemic was successfully managed without deaths reported.
A recent study found that 72% of adverse events (AEs) among patients after discharge are related to medications. Female sex, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and pneumonia were identified as independent predictors for AEs.
A new study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that infants born over the weekend had a slightly elevated risk of stillbirth and neonatal death compared to those born on weekdays. The researchers suggested that selective timing of low-risk elective deliveries may explain this difference.
A clinical trial was stopped early after showing an unacceptably high risk of breast cancer recurrence in women who received hormone therapy. The study found that even short-term use of HRT poses a significant risk, prompting the need for alternative safe and effective strategies for managing menopausal symptoms in these women.
Researchers developed a system using a tri-axial accelerometer and fractal analysis to study Parkinson's patients' walking patterns. The study reveals the complexity of body motion in both healthy elderly subjects and Parkinson's disease patients, with the latter exhibiting higher fractal measures indicating more complex symptoms.
The Nanoruler can pattern gratings with lines and spaces separated by a few hundred nanometers across large surfaces. This precision enables the analysis of light and decoding cosmic bar codes for space telescopes like NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory.
A study of 278 men aged 45+ without depression found that low testosterone levels were associated with a higher incidence of diagnosed depression. Men with hypogonadism were 4.2 times more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those with normal testosterone levels.
A study of 177 young boys found that one in five carried a concealed gun between ages 12 and 17, with prevalence increasing with age. Conduct disorder was positively associated with gun carrying, even when controlling for other factors.
A study of over 27,000 nurses found that aspirin use was associated with a lower risk of developing adenomas, which can develop into cancer. The findings suggest that higher doses may pose greater risks of side effects such as bleeding.
Researchers at Purdue University have identified a radical hydrocarbon molecule with unique electron behavior, which could be used as building blocks for molecular magnets. The discovery has the potential to create non-metallic magnets that are lighter and cheaper than metal ones.
The cerulean warbler's population decline is attributed to habitat loss and fragmentation in both breeding and winter ranges. An international collaboration, the Cerulean Warbler Technical Group, aims to develop a proactive conservation strategy through sound science and partnerships.
A study by Singapore investigators found that SARS infection occurred in healthcare workers with normal chest X-rays, even those not directly exposed to patients. The researchers detected SARS antibodies in 8 out of 112 exposed workers, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe.
Researchers found that transit-amplifying cells and early differentiating cells can form a fully stratified epidermis under the right conditions. Laminin-10/11 exposure enhances their regenerative capacity, opening new possibilities for cellular therapies.
Scientists at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have identified a human monoclonal antibody that blocks SARS virus infection by neutralizing its entry into cultured cells. The antibody, isolated from a collection of 27 billion antibodies, shows promise in animal tests and could be developed for clinical trials to prevent and treat the disease.
A novel assay reveals that T cells in patients with type 1 diabetes produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, driving an autoaggressive immune response. In contrast, healthy individuals' T cells produce regulatory cytokines, maintaining tolerance. The findings offer new approaches to immune modulation and tolerance.
The editorial cites evidence from studies including the Nurses' Health Study and Cancer Prevention Study II, which found a correlation between adequate sleep duration and increased lifespan. These findings support the notion that getting enough sleep is essential for overall health and well-being.
Researchers have successfully developed a cancer vaccine using low-affinity epitopes that shows high vaccination efficiency in antitumor immunotherapy. The study, published in JCI Journals, offers promising results for the treatment of various types of cancer.
The HABITS trial was terminated after an unacceptably high risk of recurrent breast cancer was found in women with previous breast cancer who received hormone therapy, compared to those without hormones. Women on active treatment have been advised to discontinue use.
A recent report shows a significant decline in stomach cancer rates across Europe, with falls seen in younger and middle-aged populations. The downward trend is attributed to improved diet, better food preservation, reduced Helicobacter pylori infection, and lower smoking rates.
Researchers developed a novel assay to examine T cell responses to autoantigens in islet cells, revealing distinct pathways of T cell differentiation and maturation in normal individuals versus patients with T1DM. These findings suggest proinflammatory polarization in diabetes but regulatory phenotypes in health.
Recent discoveries, including a photo and skin samples, have reignited hopes of finding the Miss Waldron's red colobus monkey in its remote southeastern corner of Ivory Coast. The discovery has sparked concerns about potential extinctions of other high-canopy forest-dwelling animals.
A recent study by Ohio State University found that only about 40% of cohabiting couples eventually get married. The research also discovered that men with high economic prospects and similar couples were not more likely to tie the knot than others. In fact, consensus regarding marriage plans was a key predictor of whether cohabiting co...
An intervention program, lasting 7 sessions, helped reduce preschool children's TV/video watching from 11.9 to 8.8 hours/week, decreasing 33% to 18% of children watching more than 2 hours/day. The study suggests that a preschool-based intervention can lead to reductions in young children's TV viewing.
A study in four Scandinavian health care sectors found that public awareness programs significantly reduced the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) for first-episode patients. The programs included educational campaigns and a telephone hotline number, resulting in median DUP of 5 weeks compared to 16 weeks.
A team of researchers found nearly complete genomes of two organisms in a microbial community from a hot, acidic solution, revealing clues about metabolic activity and speciation. The study sheds light on how bacteria function collectively in acid-adapted environments.
Children with optic nerve disease are up to 20 times more likely to experience excessive daytime sleepiness due to disruptions in their body's internal clock. Researchers found that the loss of a specific type of cell in the retina, which helps regulate light exposure, is directly linked to sleep disturbances.
Researchers have developed a protective coating that prevents deadly post-operative infections from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a virulent pathogen that kills 100% of untreated mice. The coating, which works by pleasing the bacteria and preventing them from invading the host's bloodstream, has shown promising results in animal studies.
A case-control study found associations between CSCR and various systemic conditions, including alcohol, tobacco, and antibiotic use. Eye doctors are advised to discuss these risk factors with patients and take steps to eradicate them.
The UN University report highlights concerns over unregulated bioprospecting in Antarctica, threatening environmental consequences and ownership disputes. Despite the potential for breakthroughs in cancer treatment and industrial compounds, efforts to exploit extremophiles need international regulation.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have sequenced the genomes of the most abundant members of a community of organisms in an abandoned mine, revealing four previously unknown genomes. This breakthrough in environmental genomics opens up new avenues for understanding microbial interactions and has significant implications for addressing acid mi...
Activation of the PPAR-delta receptor increases development of precancerous intestinal polyps in mice, with larger polyps being more likely to progress to colorectal cancer. Treatment with a specific compound linked to the receptor may accelerate polyp growth through antiapoptotic pathways.
Research suggests eye disease is a risk factor for sleep disorders, particularly in patients with optic nerve disease. The study found that visually impaired subjects with optic nerve disease were nine times more likely to experience pathologic sleepiness than those with normal sight.
A new study found that men who have sex with men experience depression at a rate three times higher than the general population. The issues related to homophobia were strongly predictive of depression among MSM, suggesting a direct link between social attitudes and mental health outcomes.
The new ATDC Biosciences Center at Georgia Tech fosters collaboration between entrepreneurs, university faculty, and investors. The center provides wet labs and integrates with the Life Sciences Complex to accelerate tech transfer and commercialization of bioscience startups.
The American Statistical Association is seeking nominations for its Excellence in Statistical Reporting Award, recognizing individuals and organizations that promote statistics in public life. Eligible nominees include commentators, reporters, writers, and others who use communications media as their primary product.
Researchers found that a peptide called LL-37 selectively kills the vaccinia virus in the smallpox vaccine, which could enable thousands of civilians or military personnel with atopic dermatitis to receive the vaccine. This breakthrough may lead to safer testing and better predict and control reactions to the vaccine.
Antioxidants beta-carotene and vitamin C, as well as selenium, were associated with lower asthma prevalence in US youth under age 17. In contrast, continuous positive airway pressure therapy improved systolic heart function and reduced symptoms in patients with congestive heart failure and sleep apnea.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a new mode of action for tamoxifen, an anti-estrogen medication used to treat breast cancer. Tamoxifen turns on the tumor suppressor gene maspin, which inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis in normal breast cells.
Researchers in Hawaii have developed a way to grow the complete life cycle of long ogo, an edible red seaweed, without needing to harvest starter plants from the ocean. The sustainable system for growing fresh long ogo is unique in the United States and provides additional income for 40 farmers.
The new SPEAR3 facility at Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory offers cutting-edge x-ray science capabilities, including higher resolution and brightness for studying smaller objects. Researchers can utilize the facility to advance fields like structural biology, materials science, and chemistry.
Researchers at NIST and University of Maryland discovered a molecular mechanism involving RNA structure changes that may play a role in HIV-1 viral assembly. This finding could lead to the development of new antiviral drugs by targeting these structural changes.
Researchers have identified a specialized area in the monkey brain's left temporal lobe that processes species-specific vocalizations, mirroring the human brain's linguistic abilities. This finding suggests that vocalizations can be deciphered better when processed by one temporal pole rather than both.
Researchers at NIST quantify the problem and solution of carbon nanotube demixing, revealing flow conditions that can lead to demixing. The findings provide insight into how to process nanotubes more efficiently for various applications.
Scientists have discovered that snakes made their debut on land, not in the ocean, as they evolved from their lizard ancestors. The research resolves a long-debated question about the origin of snakes and provides evidence for why they lost their limbs.
A new RIT study aims to improve the quality of art imaging in American museums by documenting current practices and developing new testing procedures. The project will also increase the scientific level of museum imaging professionals.
A study published in Nature Biotechnology found that the Sindbis virus is effective at killing tumors in mice, with varying time and injection schedules required. The virus targets tumor cells by binding to a specific receptor, making it a potential tracking device for cancer.
The National Multiple Sclerosis Society has launched a $100 million brain repair initiative aimed at restoring nerve function in people with MS. The program will fund research into new disease models, advanced MRI monitoring tools, and human clinical trials.
A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that a moderate-fat diet may be more beneficial for heart health than a low-fat diet. After six weeks, participants on the moderate-fat diet had a healthier heart profile, with reduced cardiovascular risk and improved lipid profiles.
The XENDOS study found that Xenical significantly reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 37% compared to lifestyle changes alone and 52% in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. The medication also produces greater long-term weight loss and improves cardiovascular risk factors.
Researchers at Purdue University identified a protein on intestinal cells that allows Listeria monocytogenes to attach and cause infection. Understanding this mechanism could help develop a vaccine strategy to prevent the deadly disease, which has a 20% fatality rate.
A new cryogenic refrigerator, developed by NIST, uses a solid-state design to cool X-ray detectors to subKelvin temperatures. The device reduces the need for bulky and expensive current equipment, making it ideal for semiconductor manufacturing and astronomical applications.