A study by Fox Chase Cancer Center researchers has identified the human ABCA2 transporter as a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. The protein is also involved in cancer drug resistance and plays a role in cholesterol transport and myelination, which may contribute to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered a protein that dissolves amyloid fibers in yeast cells, which could have implications for understanding protein folding processes and the role of environmental factors in evolution. The finding also sheds light on the natural biology of Sup35, a protein involved in genetic translation.
A zinc supplement reduced treatment time for severe pneumonia in children by an average of one day, with a corresponding decrease in hospital stay duration. The treatment was also found to be safe and well-tolerated, with significant implications for reducing antimicrobial resistance.
Researchers found bullfrog calls with stutters have a communication function and don't indicate fatigue. The frogs use stutters to extend call length while reducing air exchange, attracting mates during breeding season.
Scientists at Brown University have identified two molecular mechanisms that trigger senescence in aging cells. The discovery of p16, a protein that operates independently from telomeres, provides new insights into the regulation of cell division and holds promise for the development of therapeutics to manipulate these targets.
Adolescents are more susceptible to the rewarding effects of nicotine due to age-related differences in brain maturation and chemical interactions. Research findings also suggest that programs to prevent teen smoking have a significant positive economic impact.
The policy of increasing payments to private managed care plans has added $2.75 billion to Medicare's costs in 2004, with benefits mainly going to urban plans that have more enrollees. Despite the increase, only 40% of Medicare beneficiaries can access a Medicare Advantage plan.
Research suggests that laryngeal immune cells have a crucial role in tolerating inhaled antigens, screening for cancer cells, and preventing asthma. The study aims to understand how the lining responds to acid reflux or LPR and explore new diagnostic tools and treatments.
Scientists analyzed the genomes of over 300 breeds and found similarities with human diseases. The study reveals distinct DNA blueprints for each breed, which may help uncover genes responsible for unique traits and behaviors.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have made a breakthrough in understanding how HIV replicates within host cells. The study revealed that molecules exist in cells that help convert HIV's RNA genome to DNA, allowing for the production of new virus particles.
Researchers found that exercising in a swimming pool during plyometric training significantly decreased muscle soreness two to three days after the workout. Muscle strength and mass increased in both groups, with no significant differences between gym-based and pool-based exercise.
A Marine Biological Laboratory researcher and science teacher embark on a two-week research trip to Siberia, studying the Lena River's freshwater runoff. They collaborate with students via virtual experiences, teaching science concepts like convection currents and watersheds.
Studies of over 61,000 transplant patients demonstrate CellCept's unique survival benefits for solid organ transplant recipients. Additionally, CellCept reduces acute rejection rates and improves graft function, while also providing a lower risk of infectious death.
A study by Cornell University found that iron supplements improve exercise performance in non-anemic women, but only those with tissue-iron deficiency. Women with low liver iron but no anemia showed no functional impairments.
Researchers have identified a genetic component involved in the self-incompatibility response of plants. The discovery sheds light on how plants prevent self-pollination and could lead to more efficient methods for producing hybrid seeds, such as hand emasculation being replaced by transgenic approach.
Researcher Blewitt and colleagues prove theory using GPS observations that the Earth wobbles due to mass redistribution, consistent with changes in its shape. The North Pole adjusts to compensate for the wobble.
Physicists at Lehigh University achieve supercontinuum generation in nonlinear fibers using photonic crystal fibers. The phenomenon generates a rainbow of colors when infrared light waves are converted to visible lightwaves.
Researchers at Max-Planck-Institute for Quantum Optics and Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz successfully fermionize a gas of bosonic atoms, creating a Tonks-Girardeau gas. The resulting state exhibits unique properties that blur the distinction between bosonic and fermionic behavior.
The ADVN aims to understand immune responses in AD patients after natural exposure to skin viruses and investigate their reactions to the smallpox vaccine. The network will inform safer vaccine design, improving protection against the smallpox virus without life-threatening complications.
The NYU Child Study Center and Oral History Research Office have received a grant to develop an oral history project exploring the effectiveness of oral history as an alternative therapy for children affected by traumatic events like September 11. The project aims to build community resilience among middle-school youth through storytel...
A study identified four tumor gene expression patterns that may serve as biomarkers of prognosis for head and neck squamous cell cancer patients. The patterns were associated with different outcomes, including the worst outcome linked to epidermal growth factor pathway activation, and a tobacco exposure signature.
A study published in Medical Care found that 75% of participants would trade some healthy life for better end-of-life care. The research highlights the importance of end-of-life care and suggests that existing measures may not accurately capture its value.
The NIH has awarded $20.7 million to create a safer smallpox vaccine for individuals with atopic dermatitis, a condition that makes them susceptible to serious reactions. Researchers will conduct both laboratory and clinical studies to understand the disease and develop protocols to safely vaccinate these patients.
A study using mouse models of Alzheimer's disease found that blocking the Fyn enzyme reduces amyloid protein damage to synapses and improves longevity. However, increasing Fyn levels worsens synaptic damage and shortens lifespan. The findings suggest that pharmacological modulation of Fyn may be beneficial in treating Alzheimer's.
Researchers from Michigan Medicine have discovered a protein biomarker and cell-signaling pathway that may aid in the detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer. The study found that a specific protein called CEACAM 1 is elevated in the blood of pancreatic cancer patients, allowing for better differentiation from normal tissue.
A new study finds that the transition from Pliocene to Pleistocene climates was a gradual process, with shifts occurring at different times and regions. The findings suggest that regional responses played a key role in this transition, leading to a modern climate system more sensitive to small perturbations.
Researchers analyzed sediment cores to reconstruct climate over the last 5 million years, finding a gradual transition from warmer Pliocene to cooler Pleistocene climates. The climate system became more sensitive to small perturbations, leading to dramatic swings in climate patterns.
Three outbreaks of injuries from damaged metal halide lamps in Middle Tennessee were reported, resulting in photokeratitis and UVR burns. The study found that even a single damaged bulb can cause severe symptoms, highlighting the need for awareness and prevention measures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have created an artificial jumping gene that can randomly silence genes in mice, offering a new way to study genetic function and evolution. The discovery has the potential to reveal how genes interact with each other and contribute to human health and disease.
Researchers discovered reduced lysozyme levels in HIV-demented patients' macrophages, suggesting impaired immune function and increased vulnerability to infections. The finding could lead to a marker for monitoring disease progression and potential new treatment targets.
A study by USC researchers found that job loss in a family can increase the risk of adolescents starting to smoke. The longitudinal study surveyed over 2,000 middle school students in Southern California and found that students who reported a family member's job loss were 87% more likely to try or smoke within 30 days.
A study by Dr. Karen L. Syrjala found that physical recovery occurs earlier than psychological or work recovery after HCT for leukemia or lymphoma treatment. Recovery can take up to 5 years, with 84% of survivors returning to full-time work. Factors such as depression and social support before HCT can impact recovery.
The survey found that position locating devices were the most likely to be commercial within 3 years, with an average score of 6.8. High-speed local area networks and imaging through materials were also considered viable business applications.
A study of 273 family physicians and obstetricians found that many doctors overestimated the risk of major fetal malformations from X-rays and CT scans. Most diagnostic imaging exams result in less than 50 mGy of radiation exposure to the fetus, dispelling a misconception that can lead to unnecessary anxiety and terminations.
Small earthquakes with magnitudes zero to three are recorded in South African gold mines, providing a unique dataset for scientists. The researchers are using this data to investigate the properties of small earthquakes and bridge the gap between laboratory experiments and real-world seismic activity.
Researchers found that among patients with confirmed Crohn's disease, clinical decisions based on capsule endoscopy findings improved outcomes in 95% of patients. Capsule endoscopy was also 100 percent effective in excluding a diagnosis of Crohn's disease.
New guidelines from Thomas Jefferson University offer more precise classification of blood pressure in children and adolescents based on gender, age, and height. Pediatricians are encouraged to recommend diet, exercise, and weight control counseling for children with prehypertension.
The study found that doubling co-payments led to significant reductions in use of eight therapeutic classes, including NSAIDS, antihistamines, and antihypertensives. Patients with chronic illnesses were less likely to reduce their medication use, highlighting concerns about adverse health consequences.
Researchers have made significant progress in diagnosing and treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with new therapies like basiliximab and OPC-6535. These treatments show promise in improving clinical outcomes and reducing symptoms in patients with IBD.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute is awarding $49.7 million in grants to support undergraduate science programs at 42 colleges across 17 states and Puerto Rico. The funding will enhance diversity and inclusion in STEM education, with a focus on underrepresented minorities and disadvantaged students.
Aura will provide unprecedented information on the composition of the atmosphere and its impact on climate change and air quality. The satellite will help scientists understand how atmospheric composition affects and responds to changing climate conditions.
Scientists from NASA's Terra satellite are tracking global air pollution trends, shedding light on how pollutants spread around the globe. The data reveals seasonal and annual variations in CO and aerosol levels, providing clues about Earth's changing climate.
A new study found that a single daily dose of Valcyte is equally effective as three times daily Cytovene in preventing CMV in kidney transplant patients. This simplified regimen may improve care and quality of life for transplant recipients by reducing medication complexity.
Research from Newcastle University and Australia finds young adults worried about their teeth due to celebrity beauty standards. The study, published in Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, reveals younger generations are more likely to complain about dental problems than older adults.
Colonoscopy emerges as a superior method for colon evaluation, surpassing alternative imaging tests in terms of accuracy and cost. New technologies like the ColonoSight device address patient discomfort and increase diagnostic efficiency.
A study on tablet splitting found that the practice can lead to significant weight variability and uneven drug content, potentially putting patients at risk of experiencing side effects. Researchers recommend taking the prescribed dose as intended to ensure consistent medication amounts.
Researchers found that a strong preference for female physicians delays colonoscopy procedures and increases costs. Additionally, a study revealed a significant association between diabetes mellitus and an increased risk of developing colon cancer. These findings highlight the need for interventions to address these barriers to care.
A randomized clinical trial found that regional and systemic adjuvant chemotherapy regimens had similar survival rates for colon cancer patients, with the combination regimen offering no added benefit. The study, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, also showed lower adverse reaction rates for regional therapy.
A recent study suggests that surgery provides a favorable outcome for long-term multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients. The surgeons at the National Jewish Medical and Research Center have extensive experience in treating mycobacterial lung disease, making them uniquely qualified to assess individual patient risk/benefit balances.
Fortifying food supply with folic acid can markedly lower the risk of neural tube defects in offspring, such as spina bifida. The long-term safety of folic acid has been debated, but fortification is considered a better way to reach most women worldwide.
Researchers have developed a high-performance concrete bridge deck mixture that can extend the life of bridges to 100 years, reducing costs and environmental impact. The mixture uses recycled fly ash, silica fume, and ground granulated blast furnace slag to improve durability and reduce corrosion.
A University of Toronto study found that music teachers are at risk of hearing loss due to prolonged exposure to high noise levels. The research suggests that classrooms with reflective surfaces and ear protection measures can help mitigate this risk.
The Navy is developing a new radio frequency concept, AMRF-C, to enable a limited number of transmit and receive antennas to handle multiple communications, radar, and electronic warfare functions. The goal is to reduce costs and improve performance by leveling so-called 'antenna forests'.
A new class of semiconductors has been developed that can efficiently convert waste heat into electricity, with potential applications in shipboard steam plants and land vehicles. The material, called LAST, uses nanostructures to impede heat flow and introduce internal boundaries, increasing its efficiency.
Recovery after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) occurs gradually over 1 to 5 years, with physical function improving earlier than psychological and work recovery. After HCT, most patients recover from treatment-related distress but may experience depression and delayed return to full-time work.
A survey of fourth and fifth-grade pupils and their parents found significant discrepancies between reported and actual use of bike helmets and seatbelts. The study emphasizes the need for injury prevention programs targeting both parents and children to address these gaps and reduce child injuries.
The study showed that ganciclovir treatment lowers the risk of developing cancer and early organ rejection in kidney transplant patients. Ganciclovir offers dual benefits, extending patient life by reducing malignancy and improving graft survival with reduced rejection.
Researchers discovered feasible chemotherapy combinations that include trastuzumab for HER2-positive advanced breast cancer, with higher overall response rates and lower cardiac dysfunction. Two phase II clinical trials showed promising results, paving the way for future randomized phase III trials.
A Phase III maintenance trial of natalizumab found sustained clinical response and remission rates among patients with Crohn's disease. The study also showed that a majority of patients on corticosteroids were able to withdraw from the medication without losing their response.
A new brain-based controller mimics the human olivo-cerebellar system to enable precise movement control. The system will be tested on a mobile autonomous research vehicle to replicate complex maneuvers and wing control of birds and insects.