Researchers found a high correlation between EGFR mutations and sensitivity to gefitinib therapy in lung cancer patients, particularly in women and non-smokers. The study also revealed significant differences in response rates between Japanese and American patients, suggesting genetic variation plays a crucial role in drug effectiveness.
A study found that black men with prostate cancer are more likely to die from the disease due to delayed or inadequate care, particularly those without other diagnosed illnesses. The researchers suggest that cultural and social factors contribute to this disparity.
Researchers at Emory University Health Sciences Center have identified a genetic sequence for the anti-bacterial protein Escapin found in sea slugs. The protein prevents bacteria from growing on surfaces, making it a potential solution for preventing biofilm formation and associated problems.
Researchers at SLU School of Medicine discovered a new drug, Cinacalcet, that successfully treated hyperparathyroidism, a common side effect of kidney disease. The treatment works by fooling the parathyroid glands into thinking calcium levels are higher than they actually are.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that periodontitis is more prevalent among older blacks than whites or Mexican-Americans, regardless of income or education levels. The researchers suggest historical factors such as unequal opportunities contribute to this disparity.
Researchers pinpoint CO2 sources, geological and terrestrial sinks, and transport requirements in Virginia. The project aims to reduce greenhouse gases and mitigate global warming by developing technologies for removing carbon from the atmosphere.
Researchers create 'quantum dots' in gallium arsenide to harness electrons' spin for logic gates and potential quantum computing applications. The tiny dots could enable faster, smaller computer chips with enhanced data security.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have discovered a new target for human papillomaviruses, which could lead to specific antiviral drugs for treating precancerous cervical lesions. By blocking the protein BRD4, they prevented infected mouse cells from becoming cancerous.
Researchers found that patients with certain EGFR gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) respond well to treatment with Iressa, a kinase blocker. The study identifies the potential for screening patients for these mutations to predict treatment response and benefits ethnic populations differently.
Regime shifts occur when changes in ocean conditions, such as warming, affect plankton production and propagate up the food chain. Overfishing can also force a regime shift, changing population dynamics of an entire ecosystem.
A study of 304 young adult users found that friends were the most important source of information about MDMA, followed by websites like DanceSafe.org. Younger and more educated users relied on the internet for information, while parents, mainstream media, and radio were considered less accurate sources.
A study suggests that regular doses of cranberry juice or tablets can reduce the risk of female urinary tract infections (UTIs) by up to 50% in sexually active adult women. Cranberry juice's effectiveness in treating existing UTI cases is still unknown, but it offers a potential natural alternative to antibiotics.
A Penn State study has found that six domestic oils provided adequate corrosion protection for concrete bridge tendons in various test environments. The top-performing products from the study, including Citgo Cutting Oil NC 205 and Shell/Texaco Dromus ABD, will undergo further testing to examine their bond and ultimate flexural capacity.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation that causes retinitis pigmentosa by interfering with cell development in the retina's capillaries. Understanding this mechanism could lead to new treatments for the disease.
Researchers have identified a set of six genes that correlate with survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, including LMO2, BCL6, and CCND2. The findings suggest that molecular profiling may help refine prognoses for this difficult-to-treat blood cancer.
A recent study by American Academy of Neurology found that patients taking pergolide for Parkinson's disease have a higher risk of developing valvular heart disease. Eighty-nine percent of pergolide-treated patients showed some degree of valvular insufficiency, with increased risks in the mitral and aortic valves.
The Northwestern Memorial Hospital is testing a stomach 'pacemaker' system that reduces hunger and helps obese patients lose weight. The system, manufactured by Transneuronix, uses electrical stimulation to induce feelings of fullness.
A new study from the Mayo Clinic found that pyridostigmine improves standing blood pressure without increasing blood pressure when lying down, offering a safe treatment option for patients with orthostatic hypotension. The study involved 29 patients who were satisfied with the drug's effects, with 17 taking it as their primary treatment.
A recent study found that men who served in the military were 60% more likely to develop ALS than men who did not serve. The study also revealed that military service prior to the Gulf War was associated with an increased risk of ALS, suggesting a potential link between military service and the development of this debilitating disease.
Scientists are developing a new anthrax vaccine that requires fewer shots and has fewer side effects. The study aims to improve upon the existing vaccine, which causes numerous side effects and takes 18 months to confer protection.
A team of scientists developed a biological computer that can diagnose cancer and produce a drug to kill cancer cells in a test tube. The system uses pre-programmed medical knowledge and DNA-manipulating enzymes to identify cancer biomarkers and release targeted therapy.
A study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that teens eating lean beef maintained higher levels of iron and lower LDL cholesterol. The researchers also aimed to establish healthy eating habits among young adults, as they are more likely to pass them down to their own children.
A new five-year, $5.6 million NCI grant is supporting a clinical trial to study a blood test for detecting colorectal cancer recurrence based on the protein guanylyl cyclase C (GCC). The trial aims to determine if GCC testing by RT-PCR analysis is more sensitive and specific than current methods in early detection of recurrence.
A study by Imperial College London calls for targeted health education campaigns for HCV among injecting drug users, citing a lack of awareness and risk of transmission. The researchers found that many users share paraphernalia, leading to under-reported cases.
A survey of 642 physicians found that DTCA can lead to valuable discussions with patients, but also raises concerns about inappropriate prescriptions and unnecessary treatments. Physicians reported prescribing the advertised drug only 39% of the time, citing effectiveness or cost as reasons for not using it.
A study of 42 people found that those taking CoQ10 had significantly fewer migraine attacks than those taking a placebo, with 48% experiencing half as many attacks. The only side effect reported was an allergic skin rash in one patient.
HIV-positive individuals in sub-Saharan Africa exhibit high rates of dementia (11%) and painful sensory neuropathy (51%), with those with low CD4 counts showing even more severe impairment. A rapid screening test may help identify these conditions in resource-limited settings.
A new gene-based screen developed by Stanford researchers can accurately predict a person's response to treatment and identify patients who may benefit from novel therapies. The screen uses a technique called RT-PCR to analyze genes associated with cancer survival, offering a more accessible alternative to existing microarray technology.
The University of Pittsburgh is developing a heart assist device for infants with severe congenital heart defects, utilizing suspended magnetic levitation technology and miniaturization. The goal is to create a bridge-to-transplant device that allows infants to recover or survive until a donor heart becomes available.
A study found that adding a benefit box to pharmaceutical ads can increase public understanding and preference for such ads. However, the ads may still be overly optimistic about drug effectiveness, suggesting that more accurate information is needed.
Researchers developed an electronic nose device that analyzes exhaled gases to diagnose pneumonia and sinusitis, showing 92% and 70% accuracy in ICU patients respectively. The device has potential to radically change diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.
Researchers found decreased pregnancy rates in couples where the man had IgG antibodies, a marker of previous or persistent infection by Chlamydia trachomatis. For those infertile couples with IgG antibodies, 6.8% of women and 7.1% of men carried Chlamydia DNA in their urine, suggesting active infection.
A research team at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found evidence that sea turtles can read geographic position from subtle variations in the Earth's magnetic field. Older turtles use this ability to pinpoint their location relative to specific target areas, effectively having a biological equivalent of GPS.
New NASA technology enhances NOAA's weather forecasts by integrating satellite data and lightning tracking, leading to more confident seven-day severe local storm forecasts. This improved prediction capability can also enhance tornado warning lead times and better predict thunderstorm occurrence.
A five-year study found that four commonly prescribed antiepileptic drugs were associated with varying levels of birth defects, developmental disabilities, and death in children. The study revealed that lamotrigine may cause less harm compared to other medications, while valproate posed the highest risk.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a biodegradable implant that can release growth factors to stimulate bone growth in critical-size defects, aiding the body's natural regeneration process. This innovative approach aims to provide patients with their own tissue and eliminate risks associated with existing treatments.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found a potential link between adolescent marijuana use and increased risk of cerebellar strokes. Dr. Thomas Geller's study revealed three cases of teenage boys who suffered strokes after consuming large doses of marijuana.
A team of University of Florida engineering students designed and built a crayon-sized sensor that can be fired from a paintball gun to detect explosives. The sensor was part of a government- and corporate-supported research program, and Lockheed Martin plans to refine and produce it for potential use in Iraq.
Researchers create peptide coatings that disguise particles, allowing them to track proteins in live cells. This technology enables molecular-level studies and has potential applications in biology, medicine, and electronics.
A study of over 3,000 Austrian women found that those born between June and August had lower average numbers of live-born children compared to other months. This suggests a potential link between birth month and reproductive performance, with possible explanations including environmental factors and early developmental influences.
Patients with uncontrolled epilepsy have significantly lower levels of DHA in their red blood cell membranes compared to healthy individuals. This deficiency may contribute to seizure severity and inform potential treatment strategies involving DHA supplementation.
A study of nearly 3,300 subjects found that any level of depressed mood was associated with a 40% higher risk for stroke among the entire cohort. In contrast, among white subjects, greater severity of symptoms more than doubled the risk of stroke.
Research papers in Geophysical Research Letters and Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres have shed light on various atmospheric phenomena. Brown et al.'s study found near-equal rates of nitric acid formation during day and night, while Chatfield et al. attribute seasonal ozone density over the South Atlantic to pollution sources...
Researchers found that the rate of total brain volume loss can predict which mildly cognitively impaired individuals are at high risk of developing dementia. Combining this with hippocampus volume measurements provides a strong model for predicting cognitive outcomes.
Researchers discovered that increased cirrus cloud cover over the US could account for nearly all of the warming observed in the country since 1975. The study suggests that contrails, formed by air traffic, contribute to this warming effect.
Researchers have developed a method to transport indium particles along carbon nanotubes using electrical current, enabling high-throughput assembly of nanostructures. This breakthrough could revolutionize the field of nanotechnology by allowing for efficient and precise delivery of atoms.
A statistical model predicts rapid increase in spinal fractures over time if left untreated, highlighting the importance of intervention before first fracture occurs. The study emphasizes the need for therapy that reduces risk of first fracture within one year to substantially reduce future fracture risk.
A study of 32 patients with suspected paraneoplastic neurological disorders found that PET imaging successfully identified relevant lesions undetectable by alternative methods. The results suggest that PET is an appropriate and promising tool for patients with undiagnosed paraneoplastic neurological disorders.
New prosthetic fitting system offers improved match for knee arthritis patients, while researchers find nearly 80% of patients satisfied with brace treatment. Meanwhile, studies on traumatic brain injury research reveal legal and ethical concerns, as well as effective wound healing methods using electrical stimulation.
Researchers from Rutgers University will follow the flow of a red dye on a research vessel for about five days to study the Hudson River Plume. The study aims to gain knowledge about where the plume goes and what it contains, with potential applications in predicting algae blooms and sewage disposal decisions.
BioTime develops products for hypothermic surgery, aiming to increase surgical time and treat cardiovascular conditions. The company received an NIH grant to further research Hetacool, which could benefit patients undergoing complex surgeries and resuscitative procedures.
The partnership aims to educate junior, cadette and senior girl scouts about the responsibilities of nurses, educational requirements and general health and wellness information. The program showed increased interest in pursuing nursing careers among participating scouts.
A study published in Psychological Science found that initial training for airport screeners is insufficient, highlighting the need for continuing education. The research showed that screeners improve at detecting specific weapons but struggle with transferable skills, leading to a higher risk of false identifications and missed targets.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that a gene defect, PASG, is linked to premature aging in mice. The researchers discovered that the mutated gene causes cells to age and die prematurely, leading to growth problems and early death.
Anaphylactic and anaphylactoid reactions can occur in cancer patients receiving potentially life-prolonging agents, necessitating expert nursing care. Nurses play a critical role in monitoring patients, stabilizing reactions, and providing emotional support.
The FREEDOM trial will investigate the impact of cardiovascular disease in diabetics and develop new approaches to management and treatment. The study aims to provide clear guidelines on procedures for diabetic patients, including CABG and angioplasty with stents.
Researchers found that language capacity 'evens out' with age, with older adults using more of both hemispheres relative to language skills. The study suggests improvements in linguistic skills and maturation of the central nervous system contribute to increased hemisphere dominance in childhood.
A new grant from NIH will help create a diagnostic tool for childhood apraxia of speech, a neurologically based speech motor disorder affecting about one-tenth of 1 percent of US children. The tool will automate existing measurements and develop new ones to reduce human variability in diagnosis.
A recent study found that tolvaptan, a medication for heart failure, can increase net fluid loss and improve serum sodium levels in patients with hyponatremia. This effect was achieved without negatively impacting blood pressure or kidney function. The treatment may also reduce mortality rates in high-risk patients.
A population-based case control study found a significant association between exposure to diagnostic radiography during routine dental care and low birth weights in full-term babies. The study suggests that radiation may affect neurohormonal mechanisms in the head and neck region, leading to potential health effects on pregnancies.