Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center discovered a chocolate compound that stops cancer cell cycles in lab experiments. The compound, pentamer, deactivates tumor suppressor genes and proteins involved in regulating the cell cycle, preventing cancer cells from dividing.
Researchers discovered that shape-altering genes, known for their role in embryonic development, direct ovarian cancer cells to take on various forms. These unique shapes make each form of ovarian cancer distinct from one another and the surface epithelium.
Researchers discovered two most chemically primitive stars, HE0107-5240 and HE1327-2326, offering insights into the universe's early stages. These unevolved dwarf stars have iron contents significantly lower than previously known stars, providing a glimpse into the elements produced during supernova explosions.
Fanning and Chazin found structural and biochemical evidence for the mechanism of ssDNA break free from its binding protein to allow repair or replication. The researchers developed a working model to answer how RPA gets dislodged, allowing enzymes access to DNA for processing.
Microglial cells are highly dynamic, constantly sampling their environment and interacting with neurons. In response to cerebral hemorrhage, microglial cells rapidly rush to the injured site, shielding it and decomposing damaged tissue.
Researchers discovered that TGFBR1*6A gene variants significantly increase breast cancer risk in women over 50, with a 69% higher risk for those with low TGF-beta activity levels. The findings may help predict breast cancer risk in a large subset of the population and inform genetic testing options.
Molecular Systems Biology is a new journal that publishes papers on complex biological systems using molecular components and their interactions. The journal features innovative technology for formal descriptions of biological systems and sharing of data in widely-used XML-based formats.
Researchers at Michigan State University recreated a rare isotope of nickel called Ni-78, which existed briefly in the chain of events that formed elements. This breakthrough reveals that Ni-78 decays up to three times quicker than expected, changing models of element formation before Earth's creation.
Researchers identify FMRP RNA ligands containing 'kissing complex' motifs, redirecting search for disease targets. The study also reveals a crucial link between FMRP, mRNA translation regulation and neurologic dysfunction in Fragile X syndrome.
A study found that analyzing prostate tissue's metabolic profile can identify the biologic status of the disease, allowing clinicians to make better-informed decisions on treatment. The technique outperformed standard histopathology in differentiating between cancer cells and benign cells.
Researchers found that Brown-headed cowbirds can affect the sex of host offspring, while commercial fishing led to changes in open-ocean fish communities. Additionally, a study on plant defense theory revealed that outbred plants are more resistant to certain insect herbivores.
Researchers have developed a new model to predict the physics of stellar burning, particularly in stars like V4334 Sgr that undergo brief rebirths. The model predicts that V4334 Sgr will become much hotter and then slowly repeat the stellar rebirth cycle, returning to its current temperature in roughly two hundred years.
Researchers found that bacteria's worst enemy in nuclear waste sites may be toxic metals, contradicting conventional wisdom. Actinides are less toxic than other metals, suggesting bioremediation using naturally occurring bacteria can still be effective.
Barron and Monteiro-Riviere's project explores fullerene interactions with skin cells, aiming to develop new nano-biohybrid materials. The researchers will investigate physiochemical properties of fullerenes to predict uptake and activity.
A review of treatments for pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in children reveals an acute need for more research into diagnosing the condition. The study found that only four per cent of blood clots in children presented without any risk factors, highlighting the importance of recognizing symptoms.
The Genographic Project is a five-year global study of human migratory history, analyzing genetic samples from indigenous peoples and public participants. Researchers will use markers encoded into DNA to trace lineages, unveiling new aspects of family trees that persist through genes.
A study found that family conferences in ICUs missed opportunities to discuss withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining therapy due to clinicians' failure to listen and respond appropriately. The missed opportunities fell into three categories: listening, acknowledging emotions, and addressing medical ethics principles.
The Lance Armstrong Foundation is supporting a University Hospitals of Cleveland research project exploring the impact of exercise and dietary counseling on obese endometrial cancer patients. Dr. von Gruenigen's study aims to improve quality of life for this high-risk group, which accounts for over 40,000 cases annually in the US.