The book provides a comprehensive understanding of the chemical and biological processes occurring in soil, essential for those studying or working in related fields. Readers will find chapters on various topics, including soil organic matter, macronutrients, and redox processes.
According to Irvine, no animals had to be euthanized due to lack of space after Hurricane Charley. She studied how human attitudes and myths influence emergency workers' approach to free-roaming animals during disasters.
A study by Ohio State University found that young adult women whose mothers reported cohabitation were 57% more likely to report cohabitation themselves. Daughters of cohabiting mothers also tended to cohabit at earlier ages than others, according to researchers.
A study examining global prevalence of kidney failure among critically ill patients found that septic shock was the most common contributing factor (47.5%). The overall hospital death rate was 60.3%, with dialysis dependence at discharge being 13.8% for survivors.
Researchers discovered that SH2-B, a protein increasing leptin sensitivity, maintains normal energy metabolism and body weight in mice. The absence of SH2-B impairs leptin signal transduction, leading to severe obesity.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory developed a method called dynamic multiple equilibrium gradients (DMEG) that enables hyperselective separation and concentration of specific analytes. This advancement allows for the detection of smallest substance traces, including estrogen-derived conjugates and DNA adducts in human fluid samples, poten...
Researchers found that Sirt1 protein enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice, improving glucose tolerance. The study suggests therapeutic interventions for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
A recent study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that patients with high levels of heparin antibodies during hemodialysis have higher rates of adverse outcomes. The study suggests that detecting these antibodies may help identify patients at risk for complications, leading to potential improvements in treatment.
Researchers at Purdue University have created a nanotech simulation tool that helps design molecular electronic devices. The tool simulates how current flows between silicon atoms and individual molecules, enabling the development of new technologies such as biochips and advanced sensors. By studying the interaction between molecules a...
Research reveals PTEN regulates VGF signaling, enhancing angiogenesis and accelerating tumor growth in mice. Individuals with mutated PTEN alleles are at risk for increased tumorigenic mutations and accelerated tumor growth due to enhanced angiogenesis.
A study of over 4,000 women found that taking high doses of acetaminophen and ibuprofen may increase the risk of developing high blood pressure. Women taking these painkillers were more likely to develop hypertension compared to those who didn't use them.
Astronomers have conducted the most detailed survey of the Milky Way's inner regions to date, revealing a long stellar bar spanning 27,000 light years. The bar is oriented at about a 45-degree angle relative to the galaxy's center, providing new insights into the galaxy's structure and evolution.
Researchers found that gefitinib was more effective at inhibiting cell growth and increasing apoptosis in NSCLC cells with mutant EGFR. In contrast, cetuximab showed no significant response in patients with EGFR mutations.
Since the introduction of the varicella vaccine, hospitalizations due to chicken pox have decreased by 88% and ambulatory visits by 59%, according to a recent study. These declines are observed across all age groups, with infants under 1 year experiencing the most significant reductions in hospitalizations.
Dr. Holford's research focuses on applying statistical methods to public health and medicine, analyzing disease trends and developing strategies for controlling cancer. He was recognized as a fellow of the ASA, one of only 0.33% of members elected each year.
A survey of parents found that nearly all who used the internet for information about their child's surgery also made medical decisions based on this information. Most parents reported finding the internet information understandable and helpful, with 67% citing it as an influence on treatment decisions.
University of California, Irvine researchers will evaluate alternative materials and recycling programs to reduce the environmental impact of e-waste, including cell phones. The interdisciplinary team aims to create a comprehensive model to protect public health and the environment from hazardous chemicals in electronic waste.
Climate change could increase crop yields and improve livestock farming in Scotland, but the impact depends on the extent of CAP reform. Regional variations in climate change effects were found, with lowland south-west Scotland likely to benefit most from increased farm income.
A new study by Christof Westenfelder's team found that stem cells improve kidney function and reduce tissue injury in acute renal failure. The benefits are primarily mediated by paracrine mechanisms, not differentiation, and are induced by the release of growth factors and cytokines.
A recent study found that diabetics who underwent ankle fracture surgery had significantly longer hospital stays and higher mortality rates compared to non-diabetic patients. The researchers estimated that diabetic patients experienced an additional day of hospitalization and costs approximately 20% higher.
Asymmetric cell division occurs perpendicular to the basal layer, resulting in one daughter cell naturally displaced out of the basal layer. This process controls skin differentiation and has implications for understanding skin diseases and cancer.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $36 million to support two new research centers focused on securing the nation's cyberspace and critical infrastructure. The Cyber Trust initiative aims to develop trustworthy computing systems, improve electronic voting systems, and create a secure cyberinfrastructure for the power grid.
A randomized controlled trial found that high-protection sunscreen did not influence the duration of sunbathing. In fact, the study discovered that people tend to self-regulate their sun protection with sunscreens by adapting the amount of sunscreen used based on its SPF level.
A study of 12 normal-weight individuals found that their eating behavior did not compensate for overeating, despite gaining weight. Instead, they maintained their usual eating patterns when returning to their normal environment.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center have successfully treated animals with muscular dystrophy using a miniature gene and new systemic approach, demonstrating significant improvements in muscle function and longevity. The treatment involves delivering a mini-agrin gene via adeno-associated virus vectors, restoring...
The NSF-funded ACCURATE center brings together experts to tackle the challenges of integrating technology into the voting process. Researchers will focus on building more reliable software and hardware, as well as exploring human factors and usability issues in e-voting systems.
A recent study found that certain drugs, such as sulfonylureas and acetaminophen, may counteract nitroglycerin's effects, increasing cardiovascular risk. The researchers discovered that a specific mitochondrial enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase, is crucial for nitroglycerin action.
A recent study found that about half of protected species are no longer declining in numbers. The research highlights the importance of considering agency administration and funding in evaluating the success of conservation efforts under the Endangered Species Act.
According to a JAMA Network study, US states with age restrictions on indoor tanning have higher compliance rates among minors. States like Illinois and Wisconsin saw significant reductions in noncompliance among 15-year-olds, whereas others like Texas had lower compliance rates.
A study of 372 community-dwelling older patients found that those receiving high-quality care had better survival rates than those without it. The research created a quality-of-care score based on 236 process-of-care measures, with survival improving steadily as the score increased.
Researchers have developed a paper battery that harnesses the power of urine to test for diseases, providing a cheap and efficient solution for healthcare diagnostics. The device can be integrated into biochip systems, enabling people to monitor their health at home without relying on external power sources.
Researchers used genetic data and computer simulations to reveal that moon jellyfish migration post-dates European global shipping and trade. The study found that up to 23% of marine species in international harbors are non-indigenous, posing threats to ecosystems and causing billions of dollars in damage.
A study from Ohio State University's Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a set of microRNAs that can distinguish between normal and cancerous breast tissue. The findings suggest that microRNA expression is correlated with breast cancer's hormone status, metastatic potential, and proliferative rate.
Study finds that repetitive tanning behavior may be linked to a kind of addiction, similar to alcoholism or drug dependency. Researchers identified UVL tanning dependence in 53% of beachgoers, suggesting why educational interventions have been unsuccessful.
The Johns Hopkins-led ACCURATE center will investigate electronic voting technology, public policy issues, and human behavior in the context of e-voting, seeking to improve the integrity and trustworthiness of the US electoral process. The center's research aims to develop technical standards for secure and accessible e-voting systems.
A recent study by Dr. Brian Adams found that 85% of NCAA soccer players and cross-country runners did not use sunscreen during practice, despite being at high risk for sun-related skin cancer. The American Cancer Society estimates that most cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosed yearly in the US are sun-related.
A study found that HPV16/18 vaccine effectiveness varies significantly across regions, with higher rates in Europe and North America compared to sub-Saharan Africa.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have found that over half of patients with rapidly progressing hearing loss had antibodies against IESCA, a protein in the inner ear. The study suggests a direct test for antibodies could predict which patients will regain hearing with steroid treatment.
A new study from the Mayo Clinic found that smokers with a history of alcoholism can quit smoking using customized nicotine replacement therapy. The study, which adjusted nicotine patch dosages based on serum cotinine levels, resulted in a tobacco abstinence rate of 51 percent.
Researchers have created a novel method to propagate mouse brain stem cells, which can either multiply without differentiating or become normal brain cells at the flip of a genetic switch. The technique combines epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor to promote cell growth, enabling scientists to study basic properties an...
Researchers found that matriptase, a cell surface enzyme, triggers the formation of tumor cells and promotes rapid cell division. The study suggests that targeting matriptase could be an effective way to treat various types of cancer.
A UCLA professor has been awarded a major DOE grant to develop algorithms that can solve complex plasma physics problems, which could lead to breakthroughs in controlled fusion reactors and clean energy. The research is part of the Office of Science's "Multiscale Mathematics" program.
Researchers found a new way to distinguish virus-induced asthma from allergen-caused disease, highlighting increased IL-10 gene expression in viral infections. The study also showed benefits of inhaled corticosteroids for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.
Researchers found that disadvantaged individuals tend to prioritize being friendly and dressing nicely during doctor visits. The study aims to advance understanding of patients' everyday strategies for getting quality healthcare.
Disaster research presented at the American Sociological Association Centennial Meeting challenges the common perception that minorities are disproportionately affected by disasters. The study finds patterns in human behavior and societal organization that mirror these disasters, highlighting that disaster is a normal part of life.
A recent study by a UC sociologist examines how audiences have shaped the evolution of capital punishment. The research highlights four areas where audiences have influenced contemporary conflicts in the death penalty: pain and technology, procedures and professionals, publicity and public access, and witness and psychological closure.
Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone of the forebrain give rise to malignant astrocytoma in genetically engineered mice. The study challenges current dogma that tumors arise from glial cells throughout the brain.
A recent study by the University of Manchester found that children raised by two religious parents are more likely to reject the church, but not necessarily due to a lack of faith. The report argues that institutional religion has a 'half-life' of one generation and that individual differences in faith play a significant role.
Researchers developed a large brain tumor model and tested a genetically engineered virus delivering two proteins to the brain. The findings show that combined RAdTK and RAdFlt3L gene therapy eliminated glioblastoma multiforme in lab rats, increasing survival rates significantly.
A study published in PLoS Medicine found that insulin resistance, a key factor in type 2 diabetes, develops early in life and is linked to weight gain. The researchers studied children of diabetic parents and found that insulin-resistant individuals have impaired energy production in muscle cells, leading to weight maintenance problems.
A study at Bristol Zoo Garden and Paignton Zoo Environmental Park found that zoos can inspire children to engage with animals through non-traditional forms of education. However, the research also revealed challenges in conveying scientific and environmental messages, highlighting the need for zoos to adapt their approaches.
A study by Rutgers University researchers found that combining TPA, a compound from the croton plant, with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) effectively inhibits growth of pancreatic cancer cells. The combination also showed increased apoptosis and reduced mitosis in tumors.
The risk of major cardiovascular problems was significantly lower among patients treated by high-volume doctors performing over 90 procedures per year compared to low-volume doctors. However, there was no difference in death rates before leaving the hospital between high- and low-volume physicians.
The study found that movies like 'Lord of the Rings III' appeal to people's emotions and are more enjoyable for those with limited control over their lives. It also showed a cross-cultural appeal, particularly among women who saw it as a spiritual journey.
Researchers are creating a library of realistic 3D models of patients to improve radiation dose accuracy, enabling safer and more effective treatment. This project aims to bring about a paradigm change in radiation protection by facilitating image processing and simulation.
Researchers aim to investigate whether starting hormone therapy early can prevent atherosclerosis and heart attacks. The KEEPS trial, led by Yale University, seeks healthy women aged 42-58 for a double-blind study exploring the effects of early menopausal hormone therapy.
Researchers successfully tested a new coast-to-coast, 10-Gigabit per second Ethernet cyber backplane connecting NASA's Goddard center to UCSD. The system enabled complex scientific analysis and visualization of large data sets remotely.
Mutations in genes NF1, c-RET, SDH, and VHL interfere with apoptosis, allowing cancerous cells to evade developmental cell death. This can lead to increased risk of pheochromocytoma and other pediatric tumors.
The Internet enables organizations to function as virtual shelters without physical locations, allowing for pre-screening and coordination of adoption events. Descriptive online ads educate potential owners about endearing traits, while interactive messages narrow the selection process.
A Canadian Medical Association Journal study found that salivary cotinine levels, a measure of second-hand smoke exposure, are linked to an increased likelihood of smoking in adolescence. The research suggests that early childhood exposure may be a key factor in the development of nicotine-seeking behavior.