A study found that 53.6% of patients had at least one unintended medication discrepancy upon hospital admission. The most common error was omitting a regularly used medication, with 38.6% having the potential to cause moderate to severe discomfort or clinical deterioration.
Belanger will teach a master's level class on strategic information systems and conduct doctoral seminars at the Technical University of Lisbon's School of Business and Economics. She focuses on telecommunication technologies in organizations, particularly distributed work and electronic commerce.
A study by Lee Hannah predicts that climate change and land-use changes will increase the risk of extinction for most protea species, with up to 15% expected to lose their range entirely. The Cape region's protected areas may offer lessons for global conservation efforts.
Rabies experts predict that raccoon rabies could spread rapidly across Ohio, with the virus potentially covering the state within 41 months. The study suggests that a strategic approach to controlling the spread of the disease is needed, including early detection and high-powered intervention programs.
A recent study suggests that patients with osteoporosis may have coexisting celiac disease, which can lead to impaired calcium and vitamin D absorption. Screening for celiac disease in patients with osteoporosis may be recommended to correct bone loss.
Scientists used fruit fly larvae to study regeneration and discovered a key gene involved in adapting stem cells to different tissue types. The research challenges old concepts of regeneration and opens new avenues for stem cell research.
A new study reveals that sleep loss significantly increases cardiovascular disease risk in alcoholics, disrupting heart rate and sympathetic catecholamine levels. Behavioral treatments may help alleviate sleep abnormalities and related physiological issues.
A study of six European countries found significant variations in end-of-life nontreatment decisions, with medication being the most frequently forgone treatment. Low-technology interventions were also common, particularly among older patients outside hospital settings.
A recent study published in PLOS Biology has uncovered a retrovirus not found in human genomes but present in African great apes and Old World monkeys. The authors estimate that gorillas and chimps were infected around 3-4 million years ago, while baboons and macaques were infected about 1.5 million years ago.
Researchers found that patients with osteoporosis had a significantly higher prevalence of celiac disease than those without osteoporosis. Treatment with a gluten-free diet resulted in improved bone mineral density in individuals with celiac disease and osteoporosis, making serologic screening worthwhile for this population.
A study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers reveals that continuous positive airway pressure therapy can significantly reduce glucose levels in diabetic patients. This reduction in glucose levels can help prevent late-stage complications such as cardiovascular and kidney disease.
UCSB scientists investigate seafloor hydrothermal fluid discharge to uncover insights into the origins of life on Earth. By studying subseafloor microbes and geological formations, researchers aim to understand how early life survived in a challenging environment.
A recent study found that vitamin D injections can reduce mortality rates by up to 20% in dialysis patients. Currently, only half of kidney failure patients receive this treatment, highlighting the need for more aggressive treatment strategies.
Neuroscientist Dmitri Chklovskii's study reveals non-random patterns of local connectivity in the rat brain, suggesting functional modules that process information. The researchers found that strong connections account for half of synaptic strength and play a crucial role in brain function.
A computer simulation study found that firing poorly performing employees can lead to significant improvements in workforce quality. The study showed an average annual improvement of 16% for the first two years and 2% thereafter, with the greatest benefits seen when reliable rating systems are used.
A survey of 41 employers found that many companies provide significant services that could help families affected by ADHD, including flexible work hours, family leave arrangements, and child care assistance. Employers are often unaware of the availability of these services or lack awareness about the needs of parents with ADHD.
The Women's Healthy Eating and Living Study found that a diet high in vegetables, fruit, and fiber can reduce the recurrence of breast cancer. The Coronary Health Improvement Project also showed improvements in participants' health and reduced risk of chronic diseases through education and lifestyle changes.
Researchers analyze prosody and communication in autism, finding children with autism understand social-emotional information better with enhanced prosody. They aim to create a sharper understanding of core issues and differences between children with different forms of communication disorders.
A new international study suggests that climate change is causing dramatic changes in the community composition of freshwater algae, water fleas, and insect larvae in five circumpolar countries. The team's findings indicate that climate-related phenomena like receding ice cover in lakes are associated with these changes.
A national survey found that 96% of those who received at least one massage in 2004 have favorable feelings toward massage therapists. The profession is also gaining acceptance among younger adults, with 58% of those under age 50 holding favorable views.
Researchers Jordi Faraudo and Fernando Bresme discover hydration force's origins in water interactions with electrostatically charged molecules. Understanding this force is crucial for biomedical research and the development of new drugs and biochemical processes.
A recent study found that youth with HIV who were treated with highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART) between 1999 and 2000 reported having more sexual partners, unprotected sex, and drug use compared to those treated before 1996. The researchers suggest targeted interventions are needed to address these risk behaviors.
A large multicohort study of HAART-naive patients found significant reductions in AIDS incidence and opportunistic events, with greater declines for viral etiologies.
Researchers found that 21 snake venom toxins originated from proteins in various body tissues, including brain, eye, and liver. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of these potent toxins and their potential use in medical research.
A six-month study led by Helen Mayberg found that deep brain stimulation improved mood and reduced symptoms in severely depressed patients, with three achieving remission. The procedure was well-tolerated, with no psychological side effects reported.
A study published in Annals of Neurology found a strong association between dolichoectasia, a rare blood vessel disorder, and small vessel disease, a significant cause of lacunar or 'mini' strokes. The research may offer new insights into the causes and treatment of this condition.
Two studies examine the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a condition that affects millions of Americans. Researchers found positive lifestyle changes lowered risk among nonsmokers but not smokers. A computer simulation determined the diet-exercise program and metformin therapy were cost-effective options.
A recent study published in Geology found that Kilauea's sulfur dioxide emissions can cause bronchial irritation, trigger asthma attacks, and potentially lead to cardiac problems. The researchers recommend establishing monitoring in the region directly south of the volcano to better understand the health risks.
Researchers discovered a retrovirus in the chimp and gorilla genome that didn't appear in human DNA. The virus, which affected ape species between three to four million years ago, may have driven evolutionary changes in chimps and gorillas.
A study of surgically implanted electrodes in patients with refractory depression found significant clinical response in four out of six participants, with sustained improvement through six months. The technique involves high-frequency electrical stimulation to modulate brain activity in the subgenual cingulate region.
A recent study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that medication errors are a significant issue in hospitalized patients. The study examined 151 patients who took at least four prescription medicines at home and had unplanned hospital admissions, revealing that 53.6% had at least one unintended medication discrepancy.
The study found finasteride reduced the incidence of prostate cancer by 24.8% compared to a placebo, potentially saving thousands of lives over ten years. Despite an increase in high-grade tumors, the analysis shows that this benefit outweighs the potential drawbacks.
Researchers have deciphered a crucial link between genetic microdeletions and DiGeorge syndrome, shedding light on the disease's pathogenesis. The study reveals that TGF signaling plays a pivotal role in neural crest development, which is disrupted in DiGeorge patients leading to characteristic malformations.
Steve Granick and Zhiqun Lin found that patterns of high fidelity form spontaneously through evaporation of a droplet in a cylindrical mount. The process results in concentric rings with regular spacing, controlled by the material's size and surface properties.
A study published in Nature Structural & Molecular Biology has uncovered the structure of resuscitation promoting factor (Rpf), a key player in TB bacteria. The discovery holds promise for developing new methods to 'wake-up' dormant bacteria, allowing antibiotics to kill and cure the disease.
Scientists have made a significant breakthrough in understanding the mechanism behind African sleeping sickness by discovering a new protein called JBP2. This protein is believed to play an important role in regulating the production of base J, a unique modified DNA base that enables trypanosomes to evade the human immune system.
A Carnegie Mellon study discovered that participants appearing near the end of juried competitions receive higher marks from judges. The serial position effect may apply to everyday evaluations such as job interviews and student exams.
A study of 34 metropolitan areas found that San Francisco and New York City had high percentages of people who walk or bike for recreation and transportation, respectively. Parkland acreage was also positively associated with walking and bicycling levels, suggesting a link between urban green spaces and physical activity.
A University of Pittsburgh study documents an increase in genital herpes infections linked to receptive oral sex and vaginal intercourse. The risk is higher among young women, who are increasingly susceptible to HSV-1 infection due to a decline in childhood cases.
Research found that hormone therapy for prostate cancer can lead to temporary declines in visual memory and recognition speed. However, cognitive function appears to be well preserved despite these changes.
A study found that middle-aged women with more active health care involvement had lower intima-media thickness and plaque buildup, reducing the risk of heart disease. The research team followed 370 women from the Healthy Women Study and used B-mode ultrasound to measure pre-clinical cardiovascular disease signs.
A recent MIT study analyzed 17 peer-reviewed papers on melatonin and found it to be a significant sleep aid in small doses. The study challenges the common assumption that high doses of melatonin are ineffective, highlighting the need for more accurate dosing information.
A recent study in Bosnia-Herzegovina found that child sex trafficking is often fueled by extreme poverty and family involvement, rather than organized crime. The report highlights the need to address poverty and ethnic discrimination to reduce exploitation of impoverished children.
A study of 559 college-age women found that despite common perceptions, a significant number have not undergone cosmetic surgery. The research suggests that those who care more about physical appearance are more likely to view cosmetic surgery as an option.
The US chemical industry saw significant earnings growth in Q4 2004, with total earnings rising 52% year-over-year to $9.58 billion. Sales increased 15.1% to $139.7 billion, driving aggregate profitability to 6.9%. Rising selling prices and strong demand fundamentals contributed to the growth.
A new study found that pre-diabetes prevention efforts are worth every penny, with a one-on-one weight loss and exercise program showing a 58% reduction in Type 2 diabetes risk. Lifestyle interventions could delay the onset of diabetes by an average of 11 years and reduce the risk of developing diabetes by 20%.
A new study on Rhesus monkeys found that a gender gap in spatial memory decreases with age and can be overcome with simple training. Young female monkeys showed significant improvements in spatial memory when trained, closing the gap between males and females.
Researchers identified the EYA4 gene as the cause of dilated cardiomyopathy preceded by sensorineural hearing loss. The mutant protein compromises cardiac function by reducing its presence in the nucleus, leading to dramatic heart failure and pumping velocity reduction.
Gregory Margulis has been recognized for his monumental contributions to algebra and its applications in various fields. He will share this year's Wolf Prize with Sergei Novikov at the University of Maryland.
A Yale research group found that CTCL cells require antigenic stimuli delivered by Langerhans cells to replicate. The study identified cryptic self-antigens presented by LC to CTCL receptors, stimulating rapid division and regulatory T cell formation.
A Johns Hopkins Medicine study successfully integrated the Affinity/Avidity test with the STARHS protocol to detect new HIV cases. The dual testing method showed a significant reduction in false positive diagnoses, resulting in more accurate monitoring of new infections.
Researchers at U-M Health System found that disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis can be accurately evaluated without frequent lower endoscopies. The study suggests using non-invasive indices, such as patient-reported symptoms, to monitor disease activity and spare patients the discomfort of regular endoscopies.
Dr. Robert Duster cautions against FDA approval of BiDil due to its potential for racial bias and inadequate genetic markers. He argues that a more nuanced approach is needed to ensure effective treatment for diverse populations.
Research reveals that SV40 large T antigen binds to tumor suppressor Fbw7, hijacking its function to promote tumorigenesis. This interaction highlights the importance of Fbw7 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment strategies.
King Middle School took first place in the 2005 IEEE-USA Future City Competition with its innovative 'NET' communications system, capable of translating any language. The students received a $100 U.S. Savings Bond and awards from the IEEE.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine found a second reservoir of HIV that harbors unique viral variants, suggesting lifelong treatment is necessary to prevent re-emergence. The archival virus has not mutated to become drug-resistant, according to recent findings.
The US is expected to have over 70 million people over 65 by 2030, creating a shortage of trained geriatric specialists. Only 27 of 91 specialties require specific geriatric training, with modest expectations.
The 43rd edition of the Directory of Geoscience Departments features a state-sorted listing of 1,169 geoscience departments worldwide, including 879 U.S.-based departments that grant degrees. The directory also provides faculty contact information and listings for U.S. state geological surveys.
A recent study found that the LRRK2 gene mutation is associated with Parkinson's disease in several families, indicating a genetic component of the disease. The mutation was identified in 22 out of 42 family members who carried the G2019S mutation, and all shared a common ancestral pattern.
A new study found that genetic amplification (NAAT) testing detects HIV more effectively than standard antibody testing in urban settings. The test identified four individuals with acute HIV infections who had previously tested negative, highlighting its potential to prevent transmission and improve early detection.