Researchers find that growth factor SCF promotes tumor angiogenesis by interacting with normal neurons, leading to worsened prognosis in patients. Decreased SCF expression improves survival in mouse glioma models, highlighting the importance of considering normal cells in cancer treatment.
Research challenges previous assessments suggesting large increases in soil carbon with rising CO2 levels. Plants can pump nitrogen into soils, but this process cannot keep up with increasing CO2 unless essential nutrients are added as fertilizers.
The study suggests that the binding of CRP to leptin may be responsible for the reduced effectiveness of leptin in obese individuals. Researchers found that CRP can inhibit leptin's signaling, leading to increased food intake and weight gain.
Researchers used fMRI to show that a brain region called the intraparietal sulcus is activated when both four-year-olds and adults perceive numerical quantities. The study suggests that basic math skills are laid down early in development and continue to process mathematical information into adulthood.
Researchers found that computer animations can heighten a person's confidence but not necessarily accuracy when it comes to making fair decisions. The study suggests that animations can introduce additional bias, leading to harsher penalties.
Researchers found that genetic makeup can predict fat distribution patterns and obesity risk, identifying key genes involved in controlling development. The study suggests that different forms of obesity may be a developmental problem starting early in life.
A recent study published in the Public Library of Science Biology found that brain region IPS is activated when both four-year-olds and adults perceive numerical quantities. The researchers used fMRI to image blood flow in brain regions reflecting activity, revealing a similar neural basis for basic math skills in children and adults.
The VELScope device emits blue light, causing cells to absorb energy and re-emit fluorescence, helping dentists detect abnormal tissue. The device correctly identified all normal biopsies and 98% of cancers, offering a promising solution for early oral cancer detection.
Research reveals substandard living conditions among North Carolina farmworker families, with many experiencing overcrowding, inadequate sanitation, and exposure to toxic substances. The study highlights the need for policy changes and education to mitigate these detrimental effects on family health.
A recent disease outbreak in China, caused by Streptococcus suis, has resulted in 38 deaths and highlights the importance of occupational exposure to pigs. Researchers found that the pathogen was linked to outbreaks in local pig populations, but a new strain may be responsible for the severity of symptoms.
Despite growing evidence, many European countries only vaccinate high-risk groups against infant pneumococcal disease (IPD), while the US adopted universal vaccination in 2000. Universal vaccination of infants and young children reduces risk and provides indirect herd protection for unvaccinated community members.
A study analyzing data from the Women's Health Initiative found that postmenopausal hormone therapy may increase the risk of developing venous thromboembolism, particularly in women with higher physical activity levels and lower HDL cholesterol. The risk was significantly increased for deep vein thrombosis, but not for pulmonary embolism.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding the role of AMPA receptors in strokes, with potential to prevent brain damage and improve learning and memory. By modifying one part of the genetic blueprint of these receptors, they aim to protect neurons from lethal calcium flows, which can cause irreversible brain damage.
A study by Penn State researchers found that stricter law enforcement policies have led to an increase in girls' arrests for assault, not a rise in violence. Despite this, other national sources of information on youth violence show little overall change in girls' levels of aggression over the past two decades.
Researchers at MIT and Brigham have developed a way to design nanoparticles that can selectively deliver chemotherapy to cancer cells while leaving healthy cells intact. The particles, which are about 150 nanometers in size, use targeting molecules called aptamers to home in on cancer cells.
Researchers at Children's Hospital in Pennsylvania have successfully performed liver transplants on patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD), a rare genetic disorder that causes amino acid accumulation. The study shows improved metabolic stability and reduced risk of brain swelling, stroke, and learning disabilities.
Researchers found a significant association between Epstein-Barr virus infection and multiple sclerosis (MS), with elevated antibody levels before symptom onset. The study suggests Epstein-Barr virus may predispose individuals to autoimmunity, paving the way for new treatments and prevention strategies.
A recent study published in Cancer found that parent-child HRQL assessments are significantly similar, with correlations most consistent in families with cancer. However, parents tend to overestimate their child's physical function and experience greater challenges.
Researchers found that IL-25 promotes type 2 responses driving asthma, but also limits destructive inflammation associated with inflammatory bowel disease. The study suggests IL-25 may offer a treatment avenue for chronic inflammatory diseases.
Researchers identified four genetic subtypes of multiple myeloma, each with distinct gene signatures that predict patient outcomes. The findings provide a clear path for targeted therapies and could lead to improved treatments for this incurable blood cancer.
The landmark book celebrates the centennial of Alzheimer's discovery, narrating its evolution from a major cause of late-life dementia. The publication brings to life classic studies defining the disease research, featuring contributions from prominent researchers.
A group intervention program has been shown to improve the psychological and emotional well-being of young siblings with chronic illness or developmental disabilities. The program increased their knowledge of their sibling's condition, feelings of connectedness, and competence.
Researchers investigate tropical forest structure, uncovering intricate relationships between tree diversity, spatial distribution, and environmental factors. The study reveals that tropical forests exhibit complex characteristics that resist simplistic explanations, highlighting the need for nuanced understanding of these ecosystems.
The UQ Centre for Integrated Preclinical Drug Development is developing new tools to streamline the preclinical trials process. This will improve productivity across the pharmaceuticals industry and address a blockage in the drug production pipeline.
Research papers in Geophysical Research Letters and Paleoceanography reveal the connection between terrestrial gamma-ray flashes and intracloud lightning, as well as the potential of dinoflagellate microfossils to document past climate changes. The findings suggest that these marine organisms can provide valuable information on ocean c...
Treatment with ACE inhibitors significantly reduces risk of death from any cause, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and stroke. ACE inhibitors also appear to reduce risk of additional outcomes such as diabetes, congestive heart failure hospitalization and cardiac arrest.
A study of 37,692 DCIS and 4,490 LCIS patients found LCIS patients were at greater risk for invasive lobular carcinoma ILC and ipsilateral invasive breast cancer. The research suggests LCIS may be a precursor lesion to ILC and warrants localized treatment.
A recent study published in Neurology found that individuals who have had near-death experiences tend to experience REM state intrusion, which can disrupt normal sleep-wake patterns. This phenomenon was observed in 60% of people with near-death experiences, compared to 24% of those without.
Researchers found that older men who drank moderately or heavily and had comorbidities worsened by alcohol use had a 20% higher mortality rate than other drinkers. The study also revealed that lower drinking thresholds should be recommended for older adults with specific conditions.
Dr. Varshavsky's pioneering studies revealed ubiquitin's diverse roles in cell cycle, DNA repair, and responses to stress, advancing the field of molecular genetics. The March of Dimes Prize acknowledges his significant contributions to understanding birth defects, neurodegenerative syndromes, cancer, and immune disorders.
Researchers found that a single bacterial cell can withstand stress equivalent to five tons per square inch due to its adhesive properties. Hypothetically, the glue could be mass-produced for use in surgical adhesives, presenting a promising biodegradable alternative.
Researchers found that children with at least one parent who snores frequently are more likely to develop allergies and snore themselves. The study suggests early detection is crucial to prevent morbidity due to untreated obstructive sleep-disordered breathing in young children.
A study of 23,191 black women found a significant association between hormone use and breast cancer risk, with the longest cumulative exposure increasing the risk. The strongest association was seen in leaner women, who may be more susceptible to the effects of estrogen due to fat tissue producing this hormone.
A special issue of PLoS Medicine explores how corporate sponsorships are creating new diseases, medicalizing everyday life, and promoting unnecessary treatments. The articles highlight examples of disease mongering, including the marketing of Viagra for 'normal' men and the over-diagnosis of bipolar disorder in children.
Researchers are conducting a year-long study on pastoral care for older Australians, gathering insights from elderly individuals, relatives, and caregivers. The project seeks to understand the value and practice of pastoral care in Australia's rapidly aging population, with a focus on its spiritual significance.
The study reveals high molecular heterogeneity in multiple myeloma, with new recurrent amplifications and deletions pointing to yet-to-be-discovered oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. These findings define new disease subgroups with distinct clinical outcomes and potential therapeutic implications.
A large family study has pinpointed genetic linkage in drug addiction, identifying genes that influence opioid dependence and its symptom cluster traits. The study provides a foundation for further research on the genetic factors contributing to substance dependence risk.
Drs. Heck and Dindo are restoring Robinson Island's seagrass beds by planting birdstakes for seabirds to use as resting areas, fertilizing the shoal grass beneath them. The project aims to bring the habitats back to their peak condition through a combination of educational signage, replanting sea oats, and fertilizer.
A study of 2,946 patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) found that those with more severe AMD had poorer cognitive function and lower brain reserve. This association remained even after controlling for other factors, suggesting a link between vision and cognitive impairment.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have discovered a hormone receptor involved in breast cancer growth, finding that it can be slowed by a synthetic neuropeptide Y hormone. The study suggests that targeting this receptor may lead to more effective drug therapy for breast cancer patients.
A new study published in the American College of Chest Physicians journal found that infant snoring is strongly linked to parental snoring. Children born to atopic parents are nearly three times more likely to develop habitual snoring, highlighting the importance of early detection and treatment.
A study of 1,271 elderly patients found that those with a history of stroke showed a more rapid decline in memory and cognitive abilities, particularly among men. The association was stronger in individuals without the APOE4 allele, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers challenge widely accepted opinion on probucol's protective effect against heart disease, revealing that a different part of the molecule is responsible for its benefits. The study also found no relationship between oxidized cholesterol and heart disease severity.
Researchers have developed a nano-particle system that targets and kills cancer cells using a combination of paclitaxel and doxorubicin. This innovative approach overcomes the challenge of delivering multiple drugs to tumors efficiently.
Researchers used human fat and pig skin to test infrared laser light, finding three wavelengths that preferentially heated fat. The results provide a proof of principle for using lasers to target sebaceous glands, potentially replacing Accutane for acne treatment.
Diverse mock juries showed fewer errors and greater willingness to discuss race-related issues compared to all-White groups. White participants in diverse juries were also more willing to discuss racism and cited case facts accurately. This suggests that diversity may lead to more thorough and competent decision-making.
Researchers at VIB have made a significant breakthrough in combating African sleeping sickness by developing a nanobody that carries an ApoL-1 variant to the surface of the parasite. This treatment has shown promising results in mice, with infected animals surviving after a single treatment and the parasite being removed from their blood.
A study of 200 participants on 29 mock juries found that diverse groups performed better than all-white groups in several measures. Whites in diverse panels cited more case facts and made fewer errors in discussing evidence.
Researchers develop a technique to fabricate flexible nanomembranes with tunable strain, retaining silicon's properties while controlling conductivity. The method enables the creation of faster electronics, novel photonic crystals, and lightweight sensors, with potential applications in flexible electronic devices and biological sensing.
Scientists discovered that Hap1 protein is linked to circulating insulin and regulates GABA receptors in the hypothalamus, controlling feeding behavior in mice. The study provides insights into how abnormalities of hypothalamic function contribute to diabetes and obesity.
A £920,000 ESRC-funded research venture aims to investigate the effects of gambling on those involved and the broader community. The study will examine social contexts for problem gambling, internet gambling, brain responses, and family life, with the goal of developing policies and services to prevent problem gamblers.
A recent study by University of Virginia researcher Timothy Konold found that parents are better indicators of emotional behaviors in children, such as anxiety and sadness. In contrast, teachers are more accurate in assessing aggressive or delinquent behaviors, which may be influenced by parental behavior.
Researchers found high levels of toxic contaminants in white sturgeon from areas above Bonneville Dam, leading to reduced growth and reproductive fitness. The contamination is thought to be accumulating behind dams, posing a threat to the fish's survival and ecosystem balance.
Researchers at the University of California - Davis have detected lattice solitons in heated uranium crystals using X-ray and neutron scattering experiments. The isolated vibrations play an important role in uranium metal, shedding new light on a previously unknown property of solid materials.
A new study from UNC Health Care suggests that loss of function in the SOCS2 gene may lead to colon polyps in individuals with excessive growth hormone. The research also identifies a possible molecular marker for predicting risk, which could inform growth hormone therapy for gastrointestinal conditions.
Researchers have developed a mass spectrometry method to detect norovirus particles, a category B bioterrorism agent. This technique can identify different types and strains of viruses in complex environmental samples without prior knowledge, making it ideal for detecting emerging infectious agents.
A recent study reveals that ancient ants arose 140-168 million years ago, in concert with the emergence of flowering plants. The researchers used DNA sequencing and fossil records to reconstruct the ant family tree, pushing back the origin of modern-day ants by at least 40 million years.
Researchers have identified a potential new treatment for malignant gliomas using bortezomib, which targets the NF-kB pathway to induce cell death. This discovery builds on previous studies showing that selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) can also induce cell death in brain cancers.
The brittlestar model provides a realistic approach to studying stem cells in living organisms, shedding light on the recovery of the nervous system after regeneration. This breakthrough could lead to a better understanding and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers administered stem cells to animals with significant mobility loss after stroke, showing a 25% greater improvement in motor function compared to controls. In another model of cerebral palsy, rodent stem cells improved recovery by at least 25% within two weeks.