A study found a 150% increase in women choosing contralateral prophylactic mastectomy when cancer is confined to one breast. Despite this, researchers caution that the procedure may not improve overall survival and raise concerns about unnecessary invasive treatment.
Researchers identified a mechanism that represses dendritic cell function in melanoma, which could be targeted for treatment. A new approach to treating myotonia in individuals with DM1 was also discovered using morpholino antisense oligonucleotide.
Granger received the award for his research on preeclampsia, a pregnancy-related disease affecting nearly 5-7 percent of U.S. pregnancies. He has also improved graduate education at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.
Researchers have completed the genomes of ten new fruit fly species, providing a comprehensive understanding of their evolution over 60 million years. The study also identified 1193 new genes and 414 corrected previously catalogued genes across the twelve closely related species.
Osama Eljabiri, a pioneer in experiential learning at NJIT, was recognized for his diligence and dedication to promoting this new type of learning. The capstone program has engaged over 2,000 students in 250 projects with sponsors including major companies like NASA and McKesson Corp.
Researchers found seven cases of HIV-1 superinfection in 36 high-risk women over five years after initial infection. The study suggests that immune responses from natural HIV-1 infection may not be effective against re-infection, raising questions about the reliability of current vaccines.
The University of Washington's new DNA fin-printing project aims to create open-access databases for Pacific salmon populations, helping managers and scientists understand their ocean migration. By employing genetic markers, researchers can distinguish between individual fish and track population movements, informing conservation effor...
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center have identified a synthetic RNA-based molecule that eliminates myotonia, a symptom of muscular dystrophy, in mice. The study restored normal muscle function by re-establishing a critical cellular mechanism that controls electrical activity in muscles.
A new study found that environmental factors, such as family resources and parent-child interactions, have a significant impact on children's school readiness. Genetic factors also play a role, but the environment is the most important factor overall.
Researchers at NRL and universities developed a new optical technique to control electron spins in quantum dot ensembles, enabling coherent manipulation of all spin frequencies. This breakthrough aims to create novel quantum computing devices using solid-state technology.
The EUCAARI project aims to improve knowledge on the impact of fine particles on climate and air quality. A global network of measuring stations, including those in Brazil, South Africa, China, and India, will collect data on European air through both ground-based and airborne measurements.
Brown University researchers found that subjects who had access to optic flow adapted faster and made it to virtual targets more easily than those without. The study suggests that optic flow plays a crucial role in navigating through environments.
Scientists have identified a major fault and recent fault activity that contribute to massive tsunamis in the Nankai Trough. The research provides insights into the risk of giant tsunamis in other regions, allowing for better assessments and mitigation strategies.
Researchers argue that improved understanding of placental function and dysfunction can lead to novel screening tests. These tests could identify high-risk pregnancies and prevent devastating events like stillbirth. Despite the prevalence of stillbirths, research in this area is underfunded.
Researchers found that cowpox and monkeypox viruses can prevent the immune system from detecting infected cells, a strategy that could aid in vaccine design. The discovery may help create more effective vaccines against poxviruses and other viruses.
Researchers, led by Liyun Wang, aim to shed light on how osteocytes sense external stimuli and communicate with surface cells. This study may lead to effective drug therapies for treating debilitating bone diseases.
A mathematical model measures the value people place on distributive justice, revealing a willingness to sacrifice 20% of disposable income. The study also found that education and race significantly impact the value placed on equity, with educated whites placing the highest value.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin found that teaching white children about historical racism significantly improved their positive attitudes toward African Americans. In contrast, African-American children who learned about racism did not experience changes in their racial attitudes.
A new study published in Child Development found that the living arrangements of low-income children do not significantly predict their well-being. The research suggests that policies and programs targeting changes to family structure may not be effective in improving the lives of these children. Instead, income support and other forms...
A study published in the Journal of Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Prevention found that pre-malignant mammary lesions in dogs and humans display similar characteristics. The research, conducted by Purdue University scientists, could lead to better understanding of breast cancer progression and prevention for both people and pets.
Researchers found that suppressing herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) significantly reduces levels of HIV in the blood and rectal secretions, making patients less likely to transmit the virus. This reduction in HIV levels could have a significant impact on transmission of HIV.
The Brown University team will collect data on nursing homes across the US to analyze state policies and their impact on long-term care. The goal is to develop sound state policies based on real data to ensure elderly Americans receive high-quality, cost-effective care.
The University of Minnesota's first-ever comprehensive report on college student health reveals alarming trends in mental health, obesity, and financial well-being. The study found that nearly two-fifths of students surveyed fall within the overweight or obese categories, while excessive computer/Internet use affects academic performance.
The new European loess map provides a comprehensive overview of fertile soils in Europe, covering around one-fifth of the continent. The map, created using modern digital information systems, links coordinates and factual information, offering valuable insights for agriculture, soil erosion, and climate history.
The pharmaceutical industry has hijacked WHO's web-based public hearings to promote its own interests in research and development for neglected diseases and access to medicines. Patient advocacy groups have been found to receive funding from pharmaceutical companies, compromising their credibility.
Researchers developed a morpholino antisense oligonucleotide to correct the abnormal inclusion of exon 7a in ClC-1 mRNA, restoring chloride channel function and eliminating myotonia in mice with DM1. This approach may potentially treat myotonia in individuals with DM1.
New compounds that target Inhibitor-of-Apoptosis (IAP) proteins have been shown to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. The IAP antagonists block the anti-death proteins and engage other players that lead to cell death, with little effect on healthy cells.
Researchers found that girls living in families with supportive parents and lower levels of stress are more likely to delay their onset of puberty. These findings support a life history model that suggests children's early experiences affect how they mature, including when they reach puberty.
Researchers tested a pilot program to change older adults' beliefs about aging, resulting in increased physical activity and improved mental health-related quality of life. The program, which combined attribution retraining with weekly exercise classes, showed significant increases in walking levels and age-expectation survey scores.
A new study found that fetal heart rate patterns before birth can predict children's mental, motor, and language abilities through toddler years. Greater variation in fetal heart rate was associated with better performance on standardized developmental exams and more proficient language skills.
A NASA study found that Hurricane Katrina killed or severely damaged 320 million trees in Gulf Coast forests, weakening their ability to store carbon from the atmosphere. This has led to these forests releasing large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, potentially amplifying climate warming.
Researchers at MIT develop a new method to produce tiny particles with defined size and shape featuring regular patterns in two or three dimensions. The team creates Janus particles, microparticles with two chemically different hemispheres, using stop-flow interference lithography.
A University of Houston team found that melatonin inhibits memory formation in zebrafish during nighttime. Removing the melatonin-producing gland allowed fish to form memories at high levels even at night.
Hurricane Katrina's impact on Gulf Coast forests can cancel out a year's worth of new tree growth in other parts of the country. The study found that 320 million trees were killed or severely damaged, releasing significant amounts of carbon into the atmosphere.
The Commonwealth Fund Commission proposes a high-performance health system with guaranteed affordable coverage, aligned incentives, accountable coordinated care, and quality-focused investments. The report outlines specific strategies to contain costs and improve the U.S. health care delivery system.
The AAAS Science Journalism Awards recognize outstanding work in science reporting, including a series on ocean disturbances and stories on mysterious elk deaths. Winners include Jennifer Frazer and Kenneth Weiss for their coverage of these topics.
The JDRF-Lilly project will support cutting-edge research on biomarkers for pancreatic beta cell mass and function, which could indicate the presence of type 1 diabetes. Biomarkers would be a powerful research tool in indicating disease progression and predicting patient responses to treatments.
A study published in BMC Public Health found that people with schizophrenia are more likely to develop a ruptured appendix, with a 46.7% rate compared to 25.1% of the general population. The research highlights disparities in healthcare provision for mental illness and physical disease.
A new study finds that adults-only bars and nightclubs are associated with high rates of binge drinking and excessive alcohol consumption. The research suggests that regulating these establishments may be more effective than limiting total alcohol licenses.
Scientists at Baylor College of Medicine created a database of molecular profiles for blood cells, identifying unique 'lineage fingerprints' that mark different cell types. They found two genes that, when overexpressed, drove the differentiation of specific blood cells.
Researchers at Penn State successfully transmitted data at a rate of 100 gigabits per second over 100 meters using Category-7 copper cables. This breakthrough offers a less expensive and easier-to-build solution for high-speed data transfer, paving the way for future advancements in chip circuitry.
Researchers at Princeton University have discovered a chemical mechanism used by cholera bacteria to communicate with each other, which can be disrupted to potentially halt the disease's progress.
Researchers discover paddle, a modular unit in ion channels, enabling nerve cells to fire. The findings hold promise for developing new therapeutic drugs targeting ion channel function., Ion channel proteins control electrical activity in nerve cells, and the study's results may lead to new approaches for treating neurological disorder...
Neuroscientists are developing software that may turn thoughts into speech for patients like Eric Ramsey, who was left 'locked-in' after a car accident. By analyzing signals from his brain activity, the team has identified distinct patterns associated with vowel sounds, allowing them to correctly identify around 80% of the time.
A recent study from the University of Toronto found significant differences in how genetic material is spliced to create proteins in humans and chimpanzees. The researchers discovered that six to eight per cent of alternative splicing events showed differences, which are associated with various diseases.
A new study found that Forteo significantly increased bone density measurements, particularly in the lumbar spine and hip, compared to Fosamax. The findings suggest Forteo may be a valuable treatment option for secondary osteoporosis caused by glucocorticoid use.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego found a strong association between deficiency in UVB exposure and endometrial cancer. Vitamin D3 levels were linked to lower risk of cancers such as breast, colon, kidney, and ovary.
Scientists report a breakthrough strategy to reduce smokers' nicotine dependence while allowing them to continue smoking. By gradually decreasing nicotine content in cigarettes, most smokers cut their daily cigarette consumption by 40% and experienced comparable reductions in nicotine intake.
A study found that liking one's own name can sabotage success for people whose initials match negative performance labels. Researchers analyzed Major League Baseball players' performance and found batters with names starting with 'K' struck out more often. Similarly, in academia, students with initials 'C' or 'D' earned lower GPAs.
Altered levels of an enzyme controlling brain hormone production linked to social isolation-induced anxiety and aggression in mice. The study suggests a potential mechanism for the psychological effects of social isolation, which could lead to the development of new treatments.
Researchers identified kisspeptin and GPR54 as independent prognostic biomarkers specific for ovarian clear cell carcinoma. These molecular markers are associated with a favourable prognosis and could potentially be used to monitor disease activity or as therapeutic agents in women with this subtype of ovarian cancer.
The CARMA database provides detailed information on power plant emissions, ranking companies by their carbon footprint. The US is the largest emitter, with Southern Co. leading the way, and Australians are among the highest per capita emitters.
Researchers used neuroimaging to study how the brain processes sounds in noisy environments, finding that the left hemisphere plays a key role. The study revealed that the brain's left hemisphere is responsible for distinguishing between signals and noise, enabling us to focus on specific sounds amidst competing noises.
Research on human RecQ helicases reveals their role in regulating homologous recombination, a DNA repair pathway. Mutations in these enzymes cause cancer-predisposition syndromes, highlighting their importance in maintaining genomic stability.
A rare stomach cancer case report highlights histochemistry's diagnostic value for carcinosarcomas. The study finds epithelial components expressing cytokeratin 18, EMA, and CEA positivity, while mesenchymal components show vimentin staining without muscular or neural differentiation.
Researchers in paleoecology study fossilized remains and soil cores to reconstruct past ecosystems. The Amazon's pre-Columbian history reveals both human impact and resilience, while Arctic lake sediments indicate recent climate change.
Researchers discovered a novel type of stem cell in menstrual blood that can rapidly replicate and develop into various cell types, including heart, liver, and lung cells. This breakthrough could lead to innovative treatments for damaged tissues and diseases such as diabetes and liver failure.
A new study by the Medical College of Wisconsin suggests that captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, can reduce radiation injury to the kidneys in bone marrow transplant patients. This may lead to improved long-term kidney function and patient survival.
A recent study on Turkey's 2006 bird flu outbreak emphasizes the need for well-coordinated emergency response plans and clear responsibilities among healthcare workers. The research found that poor access to healthcare and poverty contributed significantly to the spread of the virus.
A new study by Brandeis University researchers finds that many pediatric oncologists lack the necessary training to build bridges with families of critically ill children through religion and spirituality. The study suggests that providing this type of training could improve patient outcomes.