Multidetector CT with virtual gastroscopy and post-contrast enhanced multiplanar reformation images help differentiate cancerous lesions from benign ulcer lesions. The study found high specificity in diagnosing malignant gastric ulcers, potentially improving survival rates.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health identified a class of custom-made immune cells called regulatory T cells that prevent allergic reactions by recognizing potential allergens. These cells are produced in response to a gene called Foxp3 and help control damage from long-term inflammation.
Researchers found that the configuration of the choice set significantly impacts creating consumer preference. Participants rated products and their satisfaction with choices in different sets, showing that context can influence preference strength and attribution. The study demonstrates the long-term effects of choice processes on con...
Researchers found that categorization of options increases consumer happiness and satisfaction, even if categories are meaningless. This phenomenon, known as the mere categorization effect, shows that consumers experience a sense of self-determination when faced with categorized choices.
A recent study found that immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine increase the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can signal tumor growth after organ transplantation. The researchers suggest that targeting VEGF with anti-VEGF therapies may reduce cancer risk in transplant patients.
A two-year study found that low-carbohydrate and Mediterranean diets were as effective as low-fat diets in achieving weight loss. The Mediterranean diet showed significant improvements in cholesterol levels and fasting glucose, while the low-carb diet improved HDL cholesterol and triglycerides.
Researchers at Virginia Tech developed guidelines for designing and managing next-generation databases of biological parts. The study identified key needs for improvement, including standardization of DNA clones and quality control measures.
A study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that office-based plastic surgery is as safe as hospital-based surgery, with a mortality rate of 0.002 percent. The study reviewed over 1.1 million procedures performed in accredited outpatient facilities.
A study by North Carolina State University found that educating the public about emerging technologies like nanotechnology and artificial intelligence increases concern over their potential benefits. After participating in a deliberative forum, participants reported feeling more cautious and worried about human enhancement technologies.
Researchers found no therapeutic benefit in low-sodium diets for adults with asthma, contrary to past studies. The study suggests that further dietary research should focus on factors other than sodium.
A new study finds global warming could lead to larger changes in snowmelt in the western US, increasing wildfire risk and creating new water management challenges. The critical surface temperature feedback is twice as strong as projected, potentially accelerating warming.
A new study published in Child Development examines how family resources and parenting quality jointly impact children's cognitive development. The research found that families with greater economic resources and higher-quality parenting are associated with better cognitive performance in young children.
A new study by researchers at the University of Utah found that Colombian children living in war zones exhibited a complex moral understanding, with most rejecting theft and harm but accepting it as a means to an end. The study highlights potential vulnerabilities in children's moral lives during times of conflict.
Research suggests that forensic psychiatric inpatients with tattoos are at a higher risk of having Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD), as well as experiencing histories of suicide attempts, substance abuse, and sexual abuse. The study found that 73% of patients with tattoos had ASPD, compared to 29% of those without tattoos.
Scientists at the University of Michigan and Princeton University have discovered a way to enhance light output in organic light-emitting devices, emitting approximately 70 lumens from a single watt of power. This innovation pushes more appealing white light, reducing energy consumption and reliance on coal-generated electricity.
A large group of American children showed a significant decline in physical activity between ages 9 and 15, with most failing to reach the daily recommended level of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity. The researchers estimated that physical activity declined by about 40 minutes per day each year until age 15.
UBC researchers suggest redirecting fuel subsidies from fishing fleets to re-training fishers to address the economic and environmental impact of rising fuel costs. The study found that governments spend $6.4 billion annually on fuel subsidies, which could be better spent supporting sustainable fisheries.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have crystallized and characterized the H5N1 virus's RNA polymerase protein, a crucial component in viral replication. The study reveals an unexpected relationship between two subunits of the protein, which could inspire therapies to prevent the spread of bird flu.
Scientists have developed a new method to produce hydrogen from water and solar energy, reducing the carbon footprint of traditional production methods. The process uses nanotube diodes that can harness the entire spectrum of sunlight, producing hydrogen and oxygen.
Researchers discovered high levels of ciprofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli among Amerindians from Guyanese rainforest, despite no reported use of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Chloroquine treatment for malaria may contribute to bacterial resistance.
Researchers at UF and FIT used electric field and X-ray detectors to study X-rays emitted by lightning. They found that X-rays are produced just below each step of the 'step leader' process, which helps understand how lightning travels.
A new study led by NYU Langone Medical Center researchers found that children who carry Helicobacter pylori are nearly 59% less likely to have asthma. The bacteria, which has co-existed with humans for at least 50,000 years, may strengthen the immune system and reduce the risk of allergic reactions.
This year's predicted dead zone off the coast of Louisiana and Texas could measure a record 8,800 square miles, threatening valuable commercial and recreational Gulf fisheries. The area experiences low oxygen levels due to high nutrient levels from human activities.
A new study found that pregnant women who eat nuts or peanut butter daily during pregnancy increase their children's risk of developing asthma by more than 50 percent. The researchers also noted a small effect of daily maternal fruit consumption on reducing wheeze in children.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center discovered that high-dose hyperbaric oxygen therapy can revive laboratory swine within 25 minutes of cardiac arrest, surpassing the previously thought limit of 16 minutes. This breakthrough may lead to improved survival rates and more definitive treatments for human patients.
Researchers found high levels of heavy nitrogen and carbon isotopes in peat samples from the Tunguska disaster region, supporting the meteorite theory. The study suggests that increased concentrations of iridium and nitrogen in the relevant peat layers also support this theory.
A genetic study of native North Americans offers new insights into the migration of Athapaskan natives from subarctic northwest America to the southwestern United States. The study found that a small group of Athapaskans successfully assimilated with native groups, leaving a lasting legacy in their language and genes.
Children's physical activity significantly decreases between the ages of 9 and 15, with only 31% meeting guidelines by 15 years old. The decline in physical activity is associated with an increased risk of obesity and chronic diseases among youth.
A new study from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health found that Western cultures tend to emphasize psychological symptoms of depression, while East-Asian cultures emphasize somatic or physical symptoms. The study also revealed a link between cultural differences in thinking styles and symptom reporting.
Researchers have developed a network of unmanned, autonomous robots called SnoMotes to collect data on ice sheets and glaciers in the Arctic. These toy-like robots can navigate treacherous terrain and capture real-time measurements of barometric pressure, temperature, and relative humidity.
A systematic literature review found that peer nutrition education significantly improves health outcomes among Latinos, including diabetes self-management and breastfeeding. The study highlights the need to formally incorporate peer nutrition educators into healthcare systems to address health disparities.
A new consortium aims to tackle healthcare-associated infections like MRSA and Clostridium difficile, exploring molecular makeup, hospital staff habits, and data analysis. The £4.2M project will create nine PhD fellows and develop new tools for detecting and controlling infections.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified a deadly combination of gene activity in breast and colon cancers, leading to poor patient outcomes. The study found that epigenetic changes contribute to cancer aggressiveness by disrupting normal biochemical pathways.
Researchers found a negative correlation between dengue hemorrhagic fever and moderate to high mosquito density, with a 40% higher incidence in areas of moderate mosquito density. The study suggests that reducing Aedes mosquitoes may not effectively control the spread of the disease.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered that vitamin A can push stem cells in breast cancer tumors to form endothelial cells, leading to the creation of new blood vessels. This finding supports the 'vasculogenic mimicry' theory, which proposes that tumors build their own blood pipelines.
A study by Caltech and UNC researchers found that some parents of children with autism process face information differently, suggesting a genetic link. The analysis revealed that these parents relied more heavily on the mouth to recognize emotions than non-aloof parents or those without autism.
Researchers reduce Aβ42 deposits by overexpressing NEP enzyme in fruit flies, suppressing outright neuron death and plaque accumulation. However, chronic overexpression leads to age-related axon degeneration and shortened lifespan.
A University of Georgia study found that participating in a walking exercise program can decrease elderly disability risk by 41% and increase physical function by 25%. The study also showed that walking increased aerobic capacity by 19% compared to a control group.
A study published in the Journal of Communication found that access to an integrated system of internet health resources significantly improved quality of life, perceived social support, and health information management for breast cancer patients. In contrast, providing only a list of URLs or standard care offered little benefit.
A randomized trial of simvastatin on cognitive function in children with NF1 found no significant improvement, but a potential benefit in object assembly scores. The study suggests that statins may not be effective in ameliorating cognitive deficits associated with the genetic disorder.
New research reveals aggressive preschoolers tend to have less consistent relationships with peers and play with fewer classmates over time. Non-aggressive children, on the other hand, do better at interactions with many peers as they practice social skills and learn to control their behavior.
A new study has replicated the association between genetic variation in the FKBP5 gene and treatment response to antidepressants, suggesting a potential link to childhood maltreatment. The findings support earlier research implicating the same gene and provide encouragement for personalized medicine approaches to depression treatment.
Research suggests that men tend to look at their partners in a more negative light after meeting a single, attractive woman, while women are more likely to strengthen their current relationships after being approached by an available, attractive man. Men can learn to resist temptation with training and strategy.
Researchers at UT Medical School have pinpointed the Achilles heel of HIV in the envelope protein gp120, a region essential for viral attachment to host cells. Engineered antibodies with enzymatic activity, or abzymes, can attack this weak spot, offering new hope for therapeutic intervention and prevention.
A UCLA study identifies the mechanism behind the mind-body connection, finding that cortisol suppresses telomerase levels in immune cells. This leads to shorter telomeres and increased susceptibility to illness.
Researchers used a computer model to simulate interactions between monkeys and found that females are more dominant in groups with relatively more males. The study suggests that female dominance develops through self-organisation, not inborn traits.
A new study by George Mason University researcher Nicole Darnall shows that companies can profit from environmentally friendly practices, such as reducing waste and developing green products. The study found that organizations that improve their environmental performance can offset the cost of regulation or even accrue a net gain.
A new study found that leaving background TV on can disrupt young children's play behavior, reducing their attention span and toy play time. The research suggests that parents should limit their young children's exposure to adult-oriented television in the home.
A new study by Dr. Charles Coe highlights three best practices to prevent local government fiscal crises: monitoring finances, assisting with amelioration, and taking over governance when necessary. Implementing these practices can help states maintain healthy fiscal reserves, anticipate economic changes, and provide public services.
Researchers discover that Angiocidin can differentiate leukemia cells into a normal, macrophage-like phenotype, making them susceptible to chemotherapy treatment. The protein also stimulates the immune system by up-regulating genes characteristic of immune cells.
Researchers found overexpression of TG2 in ovarian cancer to be associated with increased tumor cell growth, adhesion, resistance to chemotherapy, and lower overall survival rates. Silencing TG2 using siRNA reversed cancer progression, suggesting the protein as a novel therapeutic approach for late-stage ovarian cancer.
Researchers found a correlation between the intensity of a patient's immune response and clinical outcomes in brain cancer patients. The study showed that stronger immune responses were associated with longer survival times and improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers identified four distinct molecular subtypes in patients with scleroderma, offering new hope for better diagnosis and targeted therapies. The study uses gene expression patterns to classify patients, which could help predict disease progression and treatment response.
A team of scientists found that blackcap birds can distinguish between genuine and fake cuckoo eggs by altering the UV reflectivity. The study, published in The Journal of Experimental Biology, shows that when blackcap eggs are coated with a UV blocker or Vaseline, they are rejected by the parents.
Women exposed to high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are more likely to give birth to female children. A study found that for every one microgram of PCBs per liter of serum, the chance of having a male child fell by 7%. The researchers suggest that high maternal PCB concentrations may favor fertilization by female sperm or ...
Children in full-day kindergarten have initial academic benefits over part-day kindergarten, but poverty and home environment issues erode these advantages soon after leaving kindergarten. The study's findings highlight the importance of family characteristics in explaining why full-day programs' benefits fade quickly.
A combination treatment with methotrexate and etanercept improves remission rates by 50% and radiographic non-progression by 21% compared to methotrexate alone. The treatment also increases the ability of patients to remain in employment, with significant implications for employers and society.
Researchers have discovered a potential new drug that 'opens the taps' for hormone release, potentially stimulating new bone growth. The approach involves stimulating parathyroids, tiny glands controlling PTH hormone, which could lead to increased calcium levels and bone formation.
A University of California, San Diego researcher has created a novel culture system that models HCV infection in human liver cells, providing a realistic environment to test new treatments. This breakthrough enables the screening of possible therapies for HCV, which affects approximately 170 million people worldwide.
Researchers identified five gene variants that could predict sickle cell disease severity and offer potential therapeutic targets. These variants influence fetal hemoglobin levels, which affect symptom severity in the disease.