Research suggests that low levels of vitamin D are associated with a higher risk of heart attack in men. A study of 454 men found that those with vitamin D deficiency had an increased risk compared to those with sufficient levels.
A recent study found that college students with insomnia struggle with concentration and academic performance, leading to lower GPAs. The research suggests that disordered sleep has a significant impact on students' ability to succeed in the classroom.
Researchers at A*STAR have discovered a novel approach to kill colon cancer cells using a genetic regulator called DACT3. The team developed a pharmacological strategy to restore DACT3 expression, leading to effective inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and massive death of colon cancer cells.
A study of 246 long-term breast cancer survivors found that poor sleep is a significant problem for many women, with hot flashes, physical functioning, and depressive symptoms being key predictors. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends getting between seven and eight hours of nightly sleep to enhance overall quality of life.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a brain pathway that reacts to low pH levels, shutting down seizure activity. The study reveals that an acid-activated ion channel, ASIC1a, plays a crucial role in terminating seizures, providing new insights into the condition and potential therapeutic approaches.
Researchers discover at least one or two additional types of adult stem cells beyond Bmi1-expressing cells, found primarily in the upper third of the intestine. This finding complicates stem cell therapy for diseases such as Parkinson's and heart disease, requiring recognition of organ-specific stem cell complexity.
Researchers measured graphene's properties with unprecedented accuracy, confirming its unusual features and revealing significant departures from theoretical predictions. The results point to novel practical applications in nanoscale electronics.
Researchers found that cells lacking iron reorganize their metabolism to use less efficient glucose-based pathways, producing lower energy levels. This mechanism may help explain human responses to iron deficiency and potentially aid in diabetes research.
New research explores the evolutionary origins of the brain, shedding light on how complex synapse structures drove brain evolution. The study finds that sophisticated molecular processing of nerve impulses was key to developing animals with more complex behaviors.
Research shows that ewes fed a diet enriched with polyunsaturated fats have a significantly higher chance of giving birth to male offspring. This finding suggests that dietary composition around conception can influence sex ratio in farm species.
A young patient was diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma after a 10-month delay due to referral pathway and hospital system errors. The delay resulted from incorrect referrals to non-cancer specialists, leading to prolonged delays in diagnosis and treatment.
The four award winners – David Blumenthal, Ashish Jha, Ming Tai-Seale, and J. Michael McWilliams – have made groundbreaking research in areas such as health information technology, quality management, and access to healthcare services. AcademyHealth's awards promote the sharing of perspectives and strengthening of working relationships...
Scientists have isolated a new bacterium, Helicobacter suis, in pigs' stomachs using a pioneering technique. The bacterium is associated with stomach ulcers in pigs, which may cause sudden death, and has been linked to an increased risk of infection in humans who are close to the animals.
Delays in diagnosis of teenagers and young adults (TYAs) with cancer can range from four to 184 weeks, with the average time being 15.2 weeks. A study found that out of 207 young people with cancer, four out of five sought medical help quickly, while only seven per cent delayed for months.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have created a new probe that allows for the modeling and measurement of the immune system in action. The probe enables scientists to monitor the immune response at the whole body level in 3D, facilitating faster diagnosis and treatment evaluation of immunological disorders.
A new study from Michigan Medicine found that nearly half of heart surgery patients experience sustained high glucose levels, even without a history of diabetes. Patients with obesity, older age, and high blood sugar levels two days after surgery are most likely to need temporary insulin treatment.
In a phase II clinical trial, 70% of patients with follicular lymphoma responded to treatment with galiximab and rituximab. The combination regimen achieved complete responses in 44% and partial responses in 26%. Further study is warranted to assess the efficacy and time-to-progression endpoint.
Paleontologists have discovered fossilized burrows of tetrapods in Antarctica, dating back to the Early Triassic epoch. The burrows were created when sand poured into animal dens and hardened, preserving track marks and scratch marks from the animals' initial excavation.
Recent research highlights the close relationship between type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea, with significant implications for public health and individual well-being. The IDF recommends screening, treatment, and further research to address this link.
Recent research shows a strong connection between type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea, with up to 40% of OSA patients having diabetes. IDF recommends education and screening for both conditions, as well as weight reduction, CPAP treatment, and further research.
A Japanese research group identified the PKD1L3-PKD2L1 channel complex as a key player in the sour taste sensation. This 'off-response' mechanism allows humans to detect sour flavors even after the removal of acidic stimuli.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center present pre-clinical data on a CD26 Inhibitor that increases the efficiency and responsiveness of umbilical cord blood for bone marrow transplants. The technology may improve treatment outcomes for blood cancer patients who require stem cell transplantation.
The American Heart Association recommends modifying lifestyle factors such as reducing salt intake, losing weight, and drinking less alcohol to treat resistant hypertension. Effective treatment also requires better diagnosis of secondary causes and effective use of multiple-drug treatments, including long-acting diuretics and mineraloc...
Researchers found that patients who gained weight over time had lower mortality rates, suggesting that a reasonable amount of weight gain may be a sign of adequate insulin control. The study also found no significant difference in mortality between those with an overweight or normal BMI and those with an underweight BMI.
Researchers have found that adult stem cells from Parkinson's patients' noses can differentiate into dopamine-producing brain cells when transplanted into the brain of a rat. This breakthrough has significant implications for treating the debilitating symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
A new study reveals that short-wavelength light, like natural blue sky light, is highly effective at stimulating the human circadian system. Exposure to multiple wavelengths of light simultaneously can result in less total stimulation compared to viewing individual colors separately, a phenomenon known as spectral opponency.
Researchers at USC have identified a novel genetic association between fasting glucose levels and melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B), increasing the risk for type 2 diabetes. The study found a connection between MTNR1B and circadian rhythm regulation, suggesting potential links to sleep disorders.
A new review suggests that participants' desire for transparency outweighs bioethicists' concerns about potential negative psychological consequences. Volunteers generally want access to aggregate study results and some individual results if relevant to their lives. However, individual results can be overwhelming and expensive to provide.
A new technology developed by University of Leeds engineers can monitor crystals as they form in drug manufacture, providing a method to ensure production of desired drug compounds. This can lead to huge delays and costly challenges for drug companies, but the technology has enormous commercial potential.
A study by Dr. Iain Edgar at Durham University found that militant jihadists often legitimize their actions based on night dreams and connect to a mythical past through these dreams. The research also highlights the significance of understanding night dreams as a tool to assess one's worldview and implicit motivations.
Scientists gather to present research on using mechanics to study and explain biology, highlighting the role of faint pushes and pulls in cellular signaling. The symposium aims to develop fundamental math and mechanics to understand biological processes like embryo development and growth.
A Saint Louis University study found that patients with advanced heart failure may not benefit from implantable cardiac devices due to their underlying illness. The researchers identified two red flags: prolonged hospitalization and use of inotropic therapy, which are associated with higher risk of in-hospital mortality.
Brazil is transitioning from imitator to innovator in health-related products, with several small and medium-sized enterprises succeeding in developing innovative products. Despite facing challenges such as regulatory barriers and limited access to private equity, Brazil's biotech industry has the scientific capacity to become a major ...
Scientists at Schepens Eye Research Institute have identified specific molecules that awaken dormant brain stem cells, which can transform into neurons and repair damaged brain tissue. The findings suggest that tapping the brain's regenerative potential may be a promising approach for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have discovered that the brain uses a forward model to generate predictions about future movements, allowing for rapid and accurate control. This breakthrough has significant implications for the development of neural prosthetic devices and could one day enable people with paralysis to control their limbs through thought.
The University of Southern California has been awarded $12.4 million to spearhead a rehabilitation project for stroke survivors. The study, named I-CARE, aims to optimize rehabilitation therapies to improve patient quality of life.
A recent study suggests that serotonin levels affect our sense of fairness, leading to increased impulsivity and aggression when unfair offers are made. The findings may help explain social difficulties associated with disorders like depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Public attitudes toward embryonic stem cell research are influenced more by religious values and deference to scientific authority than scientific knowledge. For highly religious audiences, understanding the science has no effect on their views, while for less religious individuals, it is linked to more positive attitudes.
New research from Brandeis University finds that multi-tiered formularies requiring higher copayments for non-preferred medications reduce the use of antidepressants. The study, which analyzed data from a large nonprofit managed care organization, found that out-of-pocket spending increased while health plan spending per user decreased.
Two IEEE-USA Engineering Mass Media Fellows are writing news stories on science and technology for top California newspapers. The program aims to improve public understanding of STEM fields through clear communication.
Scientists at Savannah River National Laboratory developed Glass Microspheres with porous walls that can store hydrogen gas and release it safely. These microspheres can also be used to filter mixed gas streams and are suitable for reuse and recycling due to their unique mechanical properties.
A new study by UC researchers suggests that cases of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) among soldiers who served in the first Persian Gulf War were caused by specific events, with a declining risk after 1996.
Researchers found that intensively lowering blood sugar to near-normal levels did not significantly reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events, but increased the risk of death. The intensive strategy group had a 22% higher risk of death compared to the standard group.
Researchers at University of Missouri use tree rings to determine that massive wildfires in Canada caused the infamous 'New England Dark Day' in 1780. The study combines written accounts and fire scar evidence to provide a scientific explanation for this mysterious event.
A recent study conducted by researchers at Qilu Hospital of Shandong University used 3T MRI to stage and plan sphincter-sparing surgery for patients with rectal cancer. The study found that MRI accurately identified 31 of 32 resectable cases, contributing to precise surgical planning.
A new University of Illinois study found that a higher-protein diet with lean meats and low-fat dairy can lead to significant weight loss without compromising bone health. The research, published in the Journal of Nutrition, showed that participants who followed this type of diet experienced stable or even increased bone density.
A Duke University chemist has created a method to produce synthetic ketone molecules in only one shape, using a faster and more efficient process than previous methods. This breakthrough could lead to the development of drugs with fewer side effects and increased patient safety.
Pol II selects correct NTPs to add to mRNA chains with exquisite precision, using a kinetic selection mechanism that involves the trigger loop. The study reveals how Pol II discriminates against incorrect NTPs and sheds light on the mechanisms of fidelity in cellular genetic copying machines.
A recent study by Moores UCSD Cancer Center researchers found that populations living near the equator have lower incidence rates of type 1 diabetes, suggesting a strong role for vitamin D in reducing disease risks. The study's findings support the concept of using vitamin D to prevent childhood type 1 diabetes.
A team of researchers has observed the dynamic, ratchet-like movements of single ribosomal molecules in protein building, revealing a key mechanism for cell survival. The spontaneous back-and-forth rotation between subunits allows the ribosome to advance along messenger RNA as proteins are built.
Researchers identified Mfd as a key factor promoting fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter. Eliminating Mfd from the bacteria resulted in a 100-fold reduction in antibiotic-resistant mutants.
Treating acute heart attacks with thrombus aspiration results in improved 1-year clinical outcomes, including lower cardiac death rates and fewer non-fatal heart attacks. This innovative approach to treatment appears to be more effective than traditional percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) alone.
Researchers have developed two new methods to better estimate the numbers of European Otters and their effects on fish farming industries. Genetic analyses of faeces can prove a promising approach in investigating otter populations. The information can be used to ensure effective nature conservation by calculating fish eaten per pond a...
R.D. Schuiling suggests using dolomite or limestone to react with hot lava, cooling it down and solidifying it, potentially saving thousands of lives and homes during future eruptions. He proposes various methods for deploying these rocks, including helicopter drops and aerial cable systems.
A novel environmental diagnostic method has been designed to quantify landfill environmental impact and adapt to different countries' laws and socioeconomic characteristics. The tool analyzes landfill dynamics and provides a set of environmental indexes to justify Conditioning Plans or Closing Plans.
A RAND study reveals a significant increase in piracy and maritime terrorism, with piracy growing faster and more common than seaborne terrorism. The report calls for U.S. policymakers to expand maritime security measures and encourage industry use of enabling communication technologies.
Spradling's work on fruit fly genomics revolutionized developmental genetics and biology, advancing understanding of stem cells and their roles in human development and disease. His discoveries have led to new insights into digestive diseases, intestinal cancers, and infection strategies.
Marine ecosystems face significant threats from climate change, including warming temperatures, nutrient supply disruptions, and ocean acidification. The paper calls for increased research funding to better assess these impacts and develop adaptation options.
Researchers found that niacin works by reducing the presence of Beta chain on liver cells, which hinders HDL removal and maintains high plasma HDL levels. This new mechanism explains why niacin is especially beneficial for raising HDL while allowing other cholesterol types to be removed.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Boston have identified the cells responsible for infantile hemangiomas, a common benign tumor. By using these cells to develop a new mouse model, scientists hope to identify potential therapeutic targets for this disease.