A lifestyle intervention trial will determine optimal ways to translate research-developed programs to real-life settings in Chennai, India. The study aims to promote health behaviors, improved diet, weight loss, and increased physical activity to prevent diabetes in those at risk.
A study by Columbia University Irving Medical Center researchers has identified rare spontaneous copy number mutations in the genomes of individuals with schizophrenia, accounting for at least 10% of non-familial cases. These genetic mutations were found to be present in affected individuals but not in their biological parents.
Scientists have identified a genetic mutation responsible for impaired fetal movement, which can lead to multiple miscarriages and birth defects. The mutation affects the acetylcholine receptor pathway, disrupting normal muscle function and fetal development.
A new study by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) investigated the dietary accumulation, elimination, and toxicity of fluorescent quantum dots in a simplified food chain. The researchers found that while the nanomaterials were transferred across the food chain, they did not accumulate in higher organisms.
A £1.2 million clinical trial is being conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for patients with depression who do not respond to treatment with antidepressants.
A pivotal Phase III clinical trial demonstrated that rivaroxaban was superior in preventing venous blood clots in patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery. Rivaroxaban provided a statistically significant 31% relative risk reduction in total venous thromboembolism events compared to enoxaparin.
A clinical trial compares Aqua-Lyte, a zero-calorie hydration beverage, to a leading sugar/calorie-containing sports drink. Subjects who consumed Aqua-Lyte showed similar hydration effects to the comparison beverage, but with no discomfort or bloating.
A team of researchers at Thomas Jefferson University and Ohio State University Medical Center has identified a specific gene signature profile associated with metastasis. This signature is composed mainly of overexpressed microRNAs and may represent a new approach for diagnosing metastatic cancer.
Scientists found that tree canopy levels affect nitrogen fixation rates in feather mosses, regulating forest productivity and carbon consumption. High nitrogen deposition from pollution reduces moss nitrogen fixation rates.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers with highly developed emotional sensibilities are better at making product choices. The authors developed a scale to assess consumer emotional ability, which predicts overeating and other unhealthy behaviors.
A new study found that the prevalence of pre-cancerous masses in the colon is similar between average-risk patients aged 40-49 and 50-59. This suggests that colon cancer screening may be feasible at an earlier age, potentially reducing incidence and saving lives.
Fishing on drifting fish aggregation devices (FADs) poses a significant threat to the survival of tropical tuna, especially juveniles. Studies have shown that FAD-associated tuna feed less well and have lower plumpness than those caught from free schools.
Scientists have identified p16 as a gene that accelerates cellular aging, while p19 slows it down. The study sheds light on the development of aging-related characteristics such as loss of muscle mass and cataracts.
Researchers presented promising results for OncoVEXGM-CSF in treating metastatic melanoma, achieving treatment success in 32% of patients. Additionally, studies on robotic prostatectomy found excellent cancer control outcomes with disease-free survival rates at 21 months. The association between obesity and microvascular invasion was a...
The AGA Foundation has awarded $225,000 to seven young gastroenterologists to support their research over three years. The goal is to encourage young investigators and improve patient care through digestive diseases research.
Researchers found that sirolimus can help protect against rejection in non-compliant kidney transplant patients, potentially extending their organ's lifespan. The study used an assay to measure immune function at 'trough' levels of immunosuppressive drugs.
Researchers at OHSU Cancer Institute found that Sagopilone, a novel chemo drug, significantly reduced PSA levels and showed positive results in some cases of advanced prostate cancer. The study involved men with androgen-independent prostate cancer that has metastasized.
Spider silk exhibits different mechanical properties based on its amino acid composition, with proline-rich silks behaving like rubber bands and low-proline silks acting as rigid springs. The presence of proline affects the silk's hydration level, causing some silks to shrink and swell more than others.
Recent studies have shown that rotigotine skin patches can effectively treat restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms even during the day and night. The trials found significant improvements in patient symptoms, with 75% of patients rating their treatment as good or very good. No notable augmentation of RLS symptoms was observed.
Researchers at Yale University have successfully cleared up Alzheimer's plaques in mice by blocking a common immune system response, enabling treated mice to recover lost memory. The breakthrough could one day lead to the development of new dementia medications that can safely cross the blood-brain barrier.
Research shows that watching sexy videos or handling lingerie increases desire for immediate rewards, even in financial decisions. Men who touch bras or look at pictures of beautiful women seek immediate satisfaction.
The report found that nearly 60% of employers do not insure dependent children over age 18 or 19, and two-thirds of young adults without coverage go without needed healthcare due to cost. Extending Medicaid and SCHIP eligibility beyond age 18 could cover up to 7.6 million uninsured young adults.
Researchers found that interrupting a signaling pathway in immune system cells opened the possibility of a new strategy against Alzheimer's disease. Immune cells from outside the brain devoured plaque deposits, reducing their numbers by up to 90 percent.
In a Phase II clinical trial, eribulin mesylate demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity in heavily pretreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. The study showed an Overall Response Rate of 9.3% and a manageable tolerability profile with low incidence of Grade 3 and 4 neuropathy.
Researchers have developed artificial viruses that can transport genes and drugs into cancer cells, eliminating immune responses and potential side effects. The viruses are self-assembled using a ribbon-like protein structure, allowing for precise control over their size and shape.
A study from Karolinska Institutet found that golfers have a lower death rate than non-golfers, with a 5-year increase in life expectancy. Golfing, especially with a low handicap, has beneficial health effects.
A team of researchers has developed a range of sophisticated mathematical approaches to quantify soil variability across multiple scales. These methods include geostatistics, fractals, and multi-fractals, which can be applied to diverse data sets such as soil pore shapes, water content, and geochemical data.
A new study uses a graph-based approach to understand consumer preferences for over-the-counter pain relievers. The model identifies three distinct segments: price-conscious consumers, the athletic segment, and anti-medication users.
A recent study suggests that betting on NCAA basketball tournament or Oscar contests reduces people's enjoyment of the events. The researchers found that participants who made predictions actually enjoyed the event no more than those who were incorrect, highlighting the negative impact of anticipated regret.
A team of researchers from the University of Leeds has made a breakthrough in understanding finger clubbing by identifying its link to lung cancer. The team discovered that a genetic mutation prevents the breakdown of fatty compound PGE2, leading to swollen fingers and fingernails.
A novel method for measuring people's abilities to consider the consequences of their actions has been developed, with high scores associated with more consequence-related thoughts. Consumers who think about pros and cons before making decisions report improved health outcomes and better financial habits.
A research team led by UNC School of Public Health is investigating how interactive digital games can be designed to increase energy expenditure among young adults. The study aims to understand the impact of game design elements such as controller types, player perspective, and presence on players' motivation and physical activity.
A new study links smoking during pregnancy to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) with the strongest causal link yet. The research found that prenatal cigarette smoke exposure can increase the likelihood of gasp-like respiration and prolong breathing time after hypoxia, placing infants at higher risk for SIDS.
A study found high levels of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria in infant deaths that couldn't be explained. The researchers suggest these infections may be associated with unexplained cases of SUDI.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a technique called bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to track the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs. The technique involves adding luciferin to the bloodstream, which is carried to cells that have been altered to carry the firefly gene, causing them to emit light.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded a $25 million Clinical and Translational Science Award to Indiana University School of Medicine. The grant will fund translational research activities at IU and Purdue universities, combining strengths in medicine, business, and government.
Researchers have discovered that the coronal heating mechanism is highly impulsive and can be explained by the acceleration of particles or direct heating. The study also suggests that energy release happens gradually close to the sun's surface, causing thermal nonequilibrium.
Researchers at University of Washington and Johns Hopkins University propose that shuffling emerged as a precursor to bipedal behavior to conserve metabolic energy. For distances less than 30 feet, shuffling would be efficient, while longer distances would favor all fours.
New DNA analysis reveals that the original immigrants to Greenland came from a Siberian population, contradicting previous assumptions about their origins. The study found mitochondrial DNA similarities between ancient Greenlandic hair and eastern Siberia, suggesting a migration route via Alaska and Canada.
Researchers have solved the XPD protein structure, revealing how small changes in its architecture can cause different diseases. The findings provide novel insight into the processes of aging and cancer.
A new method of generating high-power signals at frequencies up to 1.16 THz has been proposed, potentially replacing X-rays for medical imaging and security applications. The technique uses nonlinear constructive interference on an ordinary silicon chip.
Researchers found that FruHis, a carbohydrate in dehydrated tomato products, has strong protective effects against prostate cancer. The study shows that a diet rich in tomato paste and FruHis led to the longest survival rate among rats with prostate cancer.
A team led by Dr Bill Hughes found that ancestral females in colonies of bees, wasps, and ants were monogamous, supporting the theory of kin selection. This study provides conclusive evidence that kin selection explains the evolution of social insects.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have developed a new noninvasive method to detect and measure noncalcified plaque using voxel analysis and MDCTA. The technique was shown to be equally effective as catheter coronary angiography in identifying patients at risk for heart disease.
Researchers found that MeCP2 is a key regulator of genes in the hypothalamus, turning them on and off. Altering MeCP2 levels can cause Rett syndrome or other neurological disorders, highlighting the need for tailored treatments.
A human clinical study by Montana Center for Work Physiology and Exercise Metabolism found that wildland firefighters who consumed a yeast-based antioxidant supplement, Wellmune WGP¹, had significantly fewer upper respiratory tract infections compared to a placebo group. The study showed a strong statistical trend of 23% fewer infectio...
Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a quicker and cheaper way to screen patients with chest pain for low-risk cardiac problems. Studies show CTA can accurately identify safe patients for discharge, reducing hospital admissions and testing costs.
A study found that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes patients. NAFLD was associated with a 69% higher risk of CKD compared to those without the condition.
The International Diabetes Federation has supported a diabetes awareness and prevention project in Jordan, aiming to reverse the growing epidemic. The project aims to provide health education opportunities and practical experience through workshops and social support groups.
A randomized clinical trial found that oral prednisolone is clinically equivalent to naproxen in reducing pain and inflammation in patients with gout. The study suggests that prednisolone could be a safer alternative for treating gout, with potential economic benefits due to reduced healthcare costs.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new method to measure the size and shape of the nucleus in living cells, using angle-resolved low coherence interferometry (a/LCI). This technique allows for rapid and accurate measurements, enabling scientists to better understand how changes in nucleus shape influence gene expression.
Researchers at Harvard University have successfully created permanent nanoscale bubbles that can last over a year, thanks to a unique surfactant mixture. The discovery has significant implications for the development of extended-lifetime gas-liquid products, such as aerated personal-care products and contrast agents.
A collection of state-of-the-art reports highlights the benefits of self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) in achieving improved glucose control. SMBG has been shown to significantly improve glucose control, complements A1C results, and guides patient self-management of diabetes at home.
Researchers found that hemineglect patients can unconsciously process symbols presented on the left side, even if they cannot consciously perceive them. This suggests that the brain extracts meaning from neglected information, but patients cannot make conscious use of it.
NASA has scheduled the launch of its GLAST spacecraft for June 5, with a launch window from 11:45 a.m. to 1:40 p.m. EDT. The mission is set to take place on the Eastern Range and will be accompanied by a pre-launch news conference and live commentary on NASA Television.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has selected Christopher Rose, M.D., and Joel Tepper, M.D., as the recipients of the 2008 Gold Medal. The award recognizes their outstanding contributions to radiation oncology and leadership in the field.
A study funded by the NIH has transformed scientists' understanding of Rett syndrome, a genetic disorder causing autistic behavior and disabling symptoms. The research found that the MECP2 gene acts as an activator for thousands of genes, suppressing some but activating most.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have designed a mobility aid for ICU patients called the MOVER Aid. This device allows patients to leave their beds and walk while remaining connected to essential life-support equipment.
Researchers found that reduced SMN protein levels impair the biochemical balance needed to make snRNP complexes for splicing RNA, producing abnormal mRNAs in various tissues. This discovery suggests that spinal muscular atrophy is a general disease of splicing that can affect all cell types.
Researchers have pinpointed the mutated gene responsible for childhood absence epilepsy, a condition characterized by frequent seizures. The discovery may provide insight into developing effective treatments and cures for this form of epilepsy.