A team of researchers has identified a new mechanism that explains why some recurrent ovarian tumors become resistant to treatment with cisplatin and carboplatin. They found that secondary mutations on the BRCA2 gene restore DNA repair function, making cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy.
Researchers found that transferrin can assemble into worm-like fibrils when dried, exposing iron and potentially causing cell damage. This process may be linked to the deposition of iron in the brain and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered both normal and abnormal liver stem cells, which may provide a new target for experimental treatment. The study found that blocking the stat3 gene was effective in preventing liver cancer in mice, opening up new possibilities for treating this devastating disease.
Researchers found that people feeling sad spend more money to acquire the same commodities as those in a neutral emotional state. This is because sadness and self-focus cause one to devalue possessions and increase willingness to pay for new material goods to enhance sense of self.
A study from Johns Hopkins Children's Center reveals alarming delays and lapses in emergency care among first-responders during child cardiac arrests, highlighting the importance of rapid response and basic life-saving techniques.
A study of pregnant women with preeclampsia found elevated levels of a peptide that raises blood pressure, potentially explaining its development. The researchers hope the findings may lead to treatment for preeclampsia by targeting specific tissues.
A Michigan State University physician reports the first nationally documented death from acute asthma caused by environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in a bar employee. The case highlights the need for legal protections against ETS in workplaces, particularly for vulnerable employees with pre-existing conditions like asthma.
The European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) offers a unique opportunity for young scientists to expand their knowledge and skills by working on scientific projects. The ECNP Research Grant for Young Scientists provides up to €50,000 funding for projects in neuropsychopharmacology or closely related disciplines.
The U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute has released an upgraded version of its IMG/M metagenome data management and analysis system, featuring five new metagenome datasets from recent studies on termite hindgut microbiota and TM7 microbe. The new system now contains 2,953 reference genomes.
A Northwestern University professor is studying rivers to understand how organic carbon is processed and consumed by microorganisms, revealing that it's a bigger component of global carbon cycling than thought. The study provides a framework for assessing these processes and sheds light on the internal cycling of carbon in rivers.
A study found that young women who increased their drinking during the high school-to-college transition were more likely to experience physical and sexual victimization. The majority of freshmen women did not experience any victimization, but those who drank alcohol had substantially higher rates of physical and sexual assault.
Researchers found that cognitive disfluency can be caused by both psychological and physical distance, leading to more abstract perceptions of the city. The study used italicized fonts and game Balderdash to demonstrate this phenomenon.
A study by University of Leeds researchers found that human psychology and automatic pilot can compromise data security. Employees tend to oversimplify risks and fail to consider consequences, leading to errors. To improve security, organisations should design systems with user involvement and implement triggers for critical thinking.
Researchers have discovered a moss protein that may play a crucial role in preventing Alzheimer's disease. The study found that the moss protein has an evolutionary conserved function with human presenilin, suggesting that it may provide clues to its primary role in mammalian systems.
Researchers from Uppsala University found that the body-centered cubic crystal structure of iron in the inner core explains seismic wave patterns. This discovery may impact our understanding of the earth's heat balance and magnetic field stability, opening new perspectives for studying the earth's past, present, and future.
Researchers at Stanford University have created nanoscale drums that can resonate in the same way, despite having different shapes. This discovery has implications for spectroscopy and may lead to new designs for computer chip circuits.
Scientists from PNNL found that split oxygen atoms exhibit unexpected chemical behavior on reduced titanium oxide surfaces. The team discovered that one oxygen atom stays in place while the other shimmies away, likely stealing energy from the stationary one.
This special issue examines homicide rates across various countries and cultures, highlighting factors such as alcohol consumption, economic inequality, and neighborhood-level factors. The study provides insights into the complex relationships between homicide rates and these variables.
A recent study found that gadolinium-containing contrast agents can cause allergic-like reactions in premedicated patients, including children and adults. Pre-medication with corticosteroids and antihistamines may not completely eliminate the risk of breakthrough reactions.
A new study found that excellent parenting can help even the most challenging infants succeed in first grade. Infants with difficult temperaments who received high-quality care from their mothers performed just as well, if not better, academically and socially than their easier-to-parent counterparts.
A recent MUHC study reveals that cystic fibrosis-related bone problems are an additional pathology stemming from the Cftr gene mutation, not a side effect of treatment. The study found that mice with the mutation have lower bone mineral density and mass than control mice, without pancreatic insufficiency or steroid treatment.
A new study suggests that living in poor neighborhoods can lead to poorer parenting, which in turn affects preschoolers' verbal and behavioral outcomes. The study found that less neighborhood cohesion and family dysfunction are associated with inconsistent and punitive parenting styles.
The Genome Sequencing Center at Washington University School of Medicine increased its sequencing capacity with the acquisition of five new Genome Sequencer FLX Systems from Roche Diagnostics. The center will be able to support a wide variety of projects, including transcriptome analysis of individual tumors and human microbiome studies.
Two European hematologists will pursue research projects in the US through the EHA-ASH International Fellowship Award. Lapo Alinari and Serena Kimi Perna will gain invaluable experience and advance their careers in hematology, with funding support from the American Society of Hematology.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered a six-amino acid protein sequence, EAR domain, which ensures plants are neither all root nor all shoot. The study clarifies the purpose of the EAR motif and explains how mutations in TOPLESS gene can switch plant cell's fate from shoot to root.
A study by Stanford University researchers found that Americans subconsciously associate blacks with apes, leading to a higher likelihood of condoning violence against black criminal suspects. The research also highlights the historical roots of this association, dating back to scientific racism in the US.
The Rutgers Center for Military Biomaterials Research has developed a spray-on dressing called GelSpray Liquid Bandage, which received FDA clearance for marketing. The dressing is designed to conform to wound geometry and adhere to intact skin while resisting abrasion.
A genome-wide association study identified a new gene locus associated with LDL cholesterol levels, potentially providing insight into biological mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. The discovery may aid in the development of new drugs to fight cardiovascular disease.
A recent study found a significant association between the combination of aprotinin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors during off-pump cardiac surgery and postoperative renal dysfunction. The study, published in The Lancet, analyzed data from over 9,700 patients undergoing cardiac surgery between 2000 and 2007.
Researchers at UTMB will study brain's electrochemical signaling system to develop new anti-addiction drugs, potentially benefiting compulsive overeaters as well. The four-year program aims to find effective treatments for substance abuse and addiction.
Research findings suggest that children born to mothers receiving multiple micronutrient supplementation (MMN) exhibit increased weight and body size compared to those born to mothers given iron and folic acid supplementation alone. These effects persist into the first three years of life, with an average increase of 2% in weight.
Cities face significant sustainability challenges, but urban ecologists can help by applying ecological principles to design and develop projects. By integrating biodiversity and ecosystem function into urban planning, researchers aim to create sustainable environments that support human well-being.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center tested the novel drug KAI-9803 in a clinical trial, finding promising signs of beneficial activity. Early data suggest that KAI-9803 may limit damage caused by reperfusion injury following PCI.
A study found genetically similar lice on 1,000-year-old Peruvian mummies, challenging the idea that all diseases were transmitted from the Old World to the New World at the time of Columbus. The discovery sheds new light on human migration patterns and may help understand the origins of epidemic typhus.
A new study identifies autophagy as a crucial virulence-associated trait for Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal pathogen that infects immunocompromised individuals. Autophagy helps the pathogen survive during nutrient scarcity and is essential for its virulence.
A study discovered a 'fat-burning' gene that plays a crucial role in insulin sensitivity. When this gene is impaired, it can lead to increased risk of obesity and worsening diabetes.
Researchers at the University of Manchester are using zebrafish to investigate the causes of Lowe syndrome, a rare genetic disorder affecting only boys. The team aims to identify key factors, including the gene OCRL1, and explore potential treatments for the condition.
Researchers found that treatment with myriocin can significantly inhibit the progress of established atherosclerosis in mice, coinciding with decreases in sphingomyelin, cholesterol, and triglycerides. In contrast, statins may increase PCSK9 levels, which limits their benefit.
A study by María Luisa Jiménez Rodrigo explores the reasons behind women's rising cigarette consumption in Spanish society over the past 50 years. Women use cigarettes as a tool for stress relief, social interaction, and to control appetite and body weight, reinforcing traditional feminine norms.
A new study reveals that girls' close friendships with peers who excel academically lead to increased participation in higher-level math classes. Social factors play a more significant role in girls' decisions about math coursework than for boys.
Researchers identified a protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), that regulates melanocytes' decision to ward off cancer by entering a programmed hibernation or committing suicide. This discovery offers new hope for treating deadly melanoma by harnessing the body's natural defense pathway.
Researchers at Northwestern University found that high CO2 levels impair lung function and increase the risk of edema. The study suggests reducing CO2 levels to improve treatment outcomes for patients with respiratory distress.
A study found that children with close, positive relationships with their mothers showed better self-regulation skills at preschool age. Similarly, fathers' interactions with children in the first two years were also associated with improved outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved found that elderly adults are more likely to deny smoking when asked. Researchers used biomarkers like cotinine to validate self-reported nicotine use, revealing a significant discrepancy between true smokers and those who denied it.
The study found that couples related at a third cousin level have the highest number of offspring, with an average of 4.04 children and 9.17 grandchildren. The correlation holds true across different eras and urbanization levels, suggesting a biological basis for the association.
Researchers found that lower-income neighborhoods are associated with higher obesity rates due to limited access to healthy food and physical activity opportunities. The study highlights the importance of neighborhood-level services and structures in influencing weight-related behaviors.
Researchers have reidentified the main cause of necrotic enteritis in chickens as Clostridium perfringens, producing extracellular toxins that attack the bird's intestines. The discovery of a new toxin, NetB, has led to hope for the development of effective vaccines within two years.
The Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education (CIESE) received a $500,000 grant to create global and systems engineering curriculum modules for high school students. The project aims to introduce concepts and skills of global and systems engineering to approximately 700 teachers and at least 100 schools across the US a...
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a wearable mechanism that captures energy lost during walking to generate electricity. The device, which works similarly to regenerative braking in hybrid vehicles, has shown promise in powering devices with minimal user effort.
Researchers at Queen's University have found a link between locusts' reaction to stress and human migraines. The study shows that the locust's coma-like state is similar to what happens in people during a migraine, suggesting an evolutionary connection.
Researchers question the environmental sustainability of hybrid vehicle technology, citing its high cost and potential to slow the adoption of more innovative technologies like fuel-cell cars. The study suggests that the current craze for hybrids may be a red light for climate change and emissions reduction efforts.
A new Nature Conservancy study finds that converting land for biofuel crops results in significant carbon emissions and worsening the problem of global warming. The study analyzed various benefits of using biofuels as alternatives to oil but found they fall short of the carbon losses, leading to a 'carbon debt'.
Michael Davis has made significant advances in understanding the neural basis of fear and its applications to psychiatric research, including a proposal for using NMDA receptor signaling to enhance fear extinction. His work has shown promise in treating disorders such as PTSD, OCD, and social phobia.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have found that natural variability in the Earth's atmosphere is masking the overall effect of global warming in the North Atlantic Ocean. Heat stored in the North Atlantic has a complex pattern, suggesting that natural changes in the atmosphere also play a role.
A specific gene variant associated with a better response to naltrexone in treating alcohol dependence has been identified, according to a large-scale analysis of the COMBINE Study. Patients carrying the variant experienced significantly improved clinical outcomes compared to those without it.
The researchers' successful sequencing of the cyanobacterium's genome has revealed its genetic secrets, shedding light on how it produces chlorophyll d and absorbs far-red light. This discovery holds potential for plant research and could lead to the development of crops that can harness a wider range of light spectrum.
A recent study by Vanderbilt University reveals that shrews, despite their small size, employ highly developed hunting strategies. The researchers discovered that these tiny mammals can detect water movements, identify prey shapes using their whiskers, and utilize their sense of smell underwater.
New research reveals VEGF-B's protective effects on nerve cells without inducing angiogenesis, providing new hope for treating neurodegenerative diseases. VEGF-B treatment has shown to inhibit brain cell death in mouse models of stroke and ocular neurodegenerative disorders.
A USC biomedical engineer examines the intricate circuitry between hand manipulation skills and specialized neural circuits in the brain. The study found that the human nervous system employs a time-critical strategy for tapping and pushing, which is necessary for executing fine finger movements.
A new study finds evidence of an ocean 'thermostat' regulating sea-surface temperatures in the Western Pacific Warm Pool, protecting coral reefs from severe warming. This discovery lends support to a long-debated theory that naturally warm waters may be more resistant to climate change.