USC researchers have developed a low-temperature process to print dense lattices of transparent nanotube transistors on flexible bases, enabling the creation of high-performance electronics. The devices can be used for applications such as affordable car windshield displays and ultra-thin, low-power e-paper displays.
Researchers identified genes that code for proteins controlling gene reading, revealing 'gene grammarians' linked to DNA structure. This discovery provides new insights into epigenetic control and environmental effects on the human genome.
Researchers at Queen's University found striking ecosystem changes in temperate lakes due to climate warming. Changes were observed decades later than in Arctic lakes, with relationships between lake algae and air temperature, ice-out records, and long-term changes.
A Rutgers College of Nursing faculty member is testing the effectiveness of soap opera-style cell phone videos to reduce HIV sexual risk behavior in young women. The videos, based on focus group discussions with urban women, aim to promote health awareness and change.
Researchers have identified broad-spectrum aptamers that can treat many subtypes of HIV-1 by inhibiting reverse transciptase. These synthetic molecules can reduce viral infectivity and block the normal action of RT enzyme.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered compounds that show high antiparasitic activity against Leishmania parasite, which could potentially be modified to treat the disease. The new compounds are less toxic than miltefosine and can kill the parasite inside blood cells.
A study found that implementing evidence-based guidelines for nutritional support in ICUs led to better feeding practices, including earlier initiation of enteral nutrition, but did not reduce hospital mortality or length of stay. The change also resulted in lower incidence of clinically significant kidney dysfunction.
Researchers found that older adults remember fewer negative events than younger counterparts due to differences in brain activity. The study suggests that seniors' brains use thinking rather than feeling processes to store emotional memories, which may improve understanding of mental health issues like depression and anxiety.
Women experiencing intimate partner violence are more likely to prioritize their infant's health, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to screen for IPV. The study found that 60% of abused women sought health consultations for their infants, compared to 54% of non-abused women.
A new study at Rush University Medical Center aims to investigate the relationship between human breast milk and improved health outcomes for very low birth weight infants. The five-year study will follow 600 infants born to racially and economically diverse mothers, with a focus on the amount and duration of human milk feedings.
Researchers at the University of Illinois and Massachusetts have found a way to target a bacteria's evolutionary machinery, programming its own death. The synthetic antimicrobial depends on phosphoethanolamine lipids in bacterial membranes.
The University of Illinois Chicago's ImpacTeen project will study policy and environmental factors influencing youth behaviors related to nutrition, physical activity, obesity, and tobacco use. Researchers will assess state policies, school wellness programs, and community environments to inform effective policy and decision-making.
Three Alaska volcanoes erupted in midsummer 2008, with Cleveland, Okmok, and Kasatochi volcanoes making significant changes to the landscape. Researchers from the Alaska Volcano Observatory shared their findings on recent eruptions at the American Geophysical Union's fall meeting.
Researchers found that all active galactic nuclei have a similar physical structure, independent of the black hole's size. The observation constrains current ideas on how glow around black holes is produced, allowing for further study of these enigmatic objects.
University of Pittsburgh researchers have developed a natural, nontoxic method for biodegrading carbon nanotubes using the horseradish enzyme peroxidase. This finding could help address environmental and health concerns associated with the use of carbon nanotubes in various products.
Scientists have successfully resolved features of cells as small as 20-30 nanometers using Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (STORM), a new 'super-resolution' fluorescence microscopy technique. This breakthrough allows for the visualization of cellular structures at the level where they work.
Bacteria's tiny magnetic crystals act as a navigational compass, guiding them through sediment to optimal feeding grounds. The discovery challenges previous research and provides fresh insights into evolution and biomagnetism.
A UCLA study found that low-income men are more likely to present with advanced prostate cancers, highlighting the need for increased access to screening services. The study also revealed that diagnosis rates for lower-risk cancers did not increase over time among IMPACT patients, unlike in more affluent populations.
MIT researchers, led by Chiang Mei, have developed a numerical simulation model that predicts wave forces on devices and motion of the device. The research aims to optimize energy capture and provide data for efficient conversion to electrical energy. The pilot-scale device will be integrated into a new breakwater in Portugal.
Research presented at the American Society for Cell Biology conference reveals a modular longevity network linking diet and metabolic genes to human cellular aging. Novel anti-aging small molecules have been identified, which can be used as research tools or potential pharmaceutical agents for age-related disorders.
Researchers at Arizona State University discovered a key survival circuit that allows Salmonella bacteria to overcome the body's defense mechanisms. The bacteria use a complex system of regulatory proteins and genes to adapt to changing environments, including nutrient starvation and antimicrobial peptides.
A study found that variations within Acinetobacter baumannii bacteria can affect its response to antibiotics, highlighting the need for targeted therapy in infectious disease. The analysis of six genomes revealed unique sets of genes among isolates, with some genes shared but others specific to different subsets.
In a phase III trial, combining endocrine treatment with radiotherapy reduced prostate cancer mortality by half compared to endocrine treatment alone. The study found significant superiority of the combined treatment over hormone therapy alone in reducing prostate cancer-specific mortality and overall survival.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that people are more likely to choose healthy options when faced with a large variety of menu items. This is because choosing from larger assortments is often more difficult, leading people to select easier-to-justify options.
A new study found that individuals with anxious attachment styles prefer brands with sincere personalities, such as Gap, while those with avoidant styles opt for exciting brands like Abercrombie. This research highlights the moderating role of attachment styles on consumer-brand connections.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal suggests that infected gums may be a source of inflammation leading to heart disease. Proper dental hygiene can greatly reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, stroke, and heart disease independently.
A study found that CPAP therapy reduces sleeping and nocturnal hyperglycemia, improving glucose control and long-term prognosis in type 2 diabetics with OSA. Glucose levels decreased by approximately 20 mg/dl after 41 days of treatment.
Researchers discovered that a 1966 RSV vaccine's defective antibodies failed to bind to the real virus, leading to severe disease. New findings could lead to the development of safer and more effective vaccines for RSV and other respiratory viruses.
German scientists suggest biomass as a major source of energy, meeting global demand sustainably and economically. Afforestation on degraded land can produce enough biomass to replace fossil fuels, reducing CO2 emissions.
A study found that nasal obstruction is associated with increased risk of daytime sleepiness and snoring. However, allergies alone do not increase the risk of these conditions. The researchers suggest that treating nasal obstruction may improve sleep quality in patients with sinonasal diseases.
A new study examines how consumers evaluate brand features to make choices, finding that goal-oriented individuals prefer rapid progress in decision-making, while those focused on avoiding mistakes value detailed information. This understanding has important implications for designing persuasive marketing messages.
Researchers introduced the 'Dirty War Index', a tool linking prohibited outcomes to international humanitarian laws. The DWI ratio helps analyze and prevent harmful effects of armed conflicts on populations, with examples from the Colombian civil conflict showing paramilitaries had the highest civilian death rate.
Researchers created a mini-ecosystem to study marine microorganisms' behavior and found they exhibit sophisticated foraging strategies, influencing carbon flux in the oceans. This discovery may lead to better predictions of their global-scale impact on climate.
Scientists use a special glass 'window' to visualize individually-labeled tumor cells as they move through the body's microenvironments. The technique allows researchers to identify critical interactions driving intravasation and develop microenvironment-specific drugs.
New research shows that polar bears can adapt to a changing Arctic by consuming snow goose eggs, which are rich in nutrients. As the Arctic warms, the timing of sea-ice breakup and snow goose nesting is shifting, providing an alternative source of food for subadult males.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine finds that colonoscopy significantly reduces deaths from colorectal cancer due to left-sided cancers. However, the risk reduction is negligible for right-sided cancer. The study suggests that physicians should advise patients of the limitations of colonoscopy.
Researchers found that narrow-band imaging (NBI) was not more accurate than white light colonoscopy in differentiating colorectal polyps during real-time colonoscopy. However, NBI accuracy improved significantly after the endoscopists gained experience with the new diagnostic tool.
Researchers discovered a protein that accelerates scar tissue formation after a heart attack, leading to impaired heart function. The finding offers potential for the development of new treatments to prevent this damage.
The five-year study aims to determine which rehabilitation therapies are most successful in improving outcomes for patients with different types and severities of traumatic brain injuries. The researchers will analyze data from over 2,300 patients to identify effective treatments.
Researchers identified gene subnetworks that distinguished patient groups and uncovered new genes associated with breast cancer. These findings may lead to more accurate diagnostics and prognosis for various types of cancer, including leukemia, prostate cancer, and lung cancer.
A new study by American College of Physicians reveals that colonoscopy strongly reduces mortality from left-sided colorectal cancer, while offering little benefit against right-sided cases. The researchers suggest factors such as incomplete examinations and varying tumor biology contribute to these limitations.
The study found that the majority of men complied with PSA and DRE tests, with over 84% of diagnosed cancers picked up by screening. Cancer detected at baseline tended to be more serious and aggressive than those detected later.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has identified stem cells in the esophagus that can grow into functional tissue. The researchers found that these stem cells can repair damaged tissue and potentially treat conditions like GERD and Barrett's esophagus, a precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Cancer cells and nerve cells share a common way to survive by inhibiting apoptosis through glucose metabolism. This pathway allows both cells to evade death and proliferate uncontrollably in cancer cells but is essential for nerve cell survival.
A study analyzed 45,528 patients with diverticulitis and found that racial disparities in outcomes may be related to initial condition rather than treatment differences. Insurance status was associated with complicated presentation, in-hospital mortality, and receiving a colostomy.
A study found that OSA peaks between 0-4 years, then rises from 25-29 years to a peak at 55-59 years. Comorbid conditions most frequently appearing with OSA in adults are essential hypertension, obesity, and respiratory diseases. The data mining technique revealed the full clinical picture of comorbid conditions associated with OSA.
Researchers from the University of Alaska Fairbanks have found a strong link between Arctic land-surface temperatures and increased tundra greenness. The study used satellite data and ground-based studies to examine trends in sea ice, land temperature, and vegetation using a Normalized Difference Vegetation Index.
Researchers at Columbia University Medical Center have designed a new way to grow bone and other tissues by co-transplanting hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. This approach results in faster regeneration of vascularized tissues compared to previous methods.
A study found that delaying school start times by one hour improved teens' average nightly sleep hours and reduced their involvement in auto accidents. This change also led to a decrease in daytime sleepiness and an increase in students getting at least eight hours of sleep per night.
The University of Western Ontario has received $45.5 million in funding from the Canada Foundation for Innovation to develop new methods for growing stronger lab-grown bones and tissue. This will help address conditions such as arthritis, osteoporosis, and traumatic injuries, where current lab-grown materials lack sufficient strength.
A new study in Journal of Consumer Research uncovers a strategy for releasing consumers from 'regret lock' after missing a sale. By offering alternative sales on similar products, retailers can increase purchase likelihood and market share.
Researchers have developed a new tool using graphical models to analyze complex systems, which can help uncover the underlying causes of cancer and enable sociologists to extract valuable insights from social media data. The 'Informative Priors' method incorporates current knowledge into mathematical analysis, providing more accurate r...
Researchers developed a new form of CBT-E that can effectively treat over 80% of eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The treatment has been shown to improve symptoms and sustain changes over time.
A study by Drs. François Maltais and Jean Bourbeau found that home-based pulmonary rehabilitation is as effective as hospital-based treatment in improving symptoms and quality of life for COPD patients. The program, which involves aerobic exercises, can be performed alone and has the potential to reduce healthcare costs.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that African American students who live with white roommates experience a 0.30-point increase in their GPA, compared to those living with same-race roommates. This suggests that interracial roommate relationships can have a positive impact on minority students' academic success.
The number of female cardiologists has nearly doubled over the past decade, yet women still account for less than 20% of all cardiologists. Women face significant challenges, including work-life balance, radiation exposure concerns, and personal roadblocks to career advancement.
Researchers used a mixture of water and corn starch to reproduce the hexagonal columns found at popular tourist sites like Northern Ireland's Giant's Causeway. They established a relationship between column size and speed of drying, finding that slower cooling processes produce larger columns.
A new study published in the Spine journal found that manual physical therapy and exercise significantly improves neck pain, reducing mechanical neck pain and disability. Physical therapists can provide a conservative solution to musculoskeletal pain without expensive surgery or medication side effects.
Scientists studied gibbon foot movements to understand the mechanisms of a 'flexible' foot. They found that gibbons hit the ground with their toes first and raised their heel to generate propulsion for walking.
A new study claims that the Integrated Children's System (ICS) is creating 'latent conditions for error' in front-line children's services, leading to potential harm to vulnerable children. The researchers argue that the system's complexity and pressure to meet deadlines are undermining good social work practice.