Physicist John R. Clem developed a theory that reduces AC losses in bifilar fault-current limiters, enabling more efficient and cost-effective power grid protection. The research supports the development of commercial products by Siemens and American Superconductor.
Researchers at Montana State University's Western Transportation Institute will use automated in-car cameras to gauge the effect of Montana's driver's education modules on teen attitudes and behaviors behind the wheel. The study aims to reduce drowsy and distracted driving, particularly in rural areas.
The Toward a Revolution in COPD Health (TORCH) study found that combined salmeterol and fluticasone propionate reduced the rate of decline in lung function by 39ml/year, compared to 55ml/year in the placebo group.
Michigan State University scientists are creating a genomic database to improve biofuel crops, with a focus on cellulosic ethanol. The database will centralize information on various crops and provide data-mining tools, making it easier for researchers to access and compare genetic data.
A new study identifies three groups of cancers distinguished by early developmental signatures, shedding light on their gene expression patterns. This research provides a reference framework for interpreting smaller-scale functional studies and has implications for understanding human disease from a 'macrobiological' approach.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine found that bariatric surgery can improve obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms, but only a few patients experienced complete resolution. Most patients continued to have moderate to severe OSA despite significant weight loss.
Researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch have found that shutting down gastrin-releasing peptide receptors can dramatically suppress neuroblastoma tumor formation and slow its spread. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new therapies for this devastating disease.
Researchers at Rockefeller University amplify cell death signals to induce self-destruction in precancerous cells. By inactivating a protein called IAP, they found that mice without the RING domain lived twice as long as those with it, highlighting a potential breakthrough in cancer therapy.
A virus that infects potatoes has been used to develop antibodies that can bind to the amyloid beta protein, a key contributor to Alzheimer's disease. Studies in mice have shown promising results, with the development of strong antibodies that can slow disease progression and improve cognitive function.
Researchers Tao Lin and Steven J. Norris will investigate conflicting reports on the infectious nature of Southern-Tick Associated Rash Illness (STARI) in Texas. They aim to identify the causative agent using innovative approaches such as DNA amplification and high-throughput sequencing.
Carbon nanotubes' true mechanical properties have been measured by Northwestern University researchers using a novel nanoscale material testing system. The results match quantum mechanics predictions and reveal that irradiation can strengthen the structure by forming bonds between shells of the tube.
Researchers urge companies to use comprehensive screening tools to analyze carbon footprints across all tiers of their supply chain. This will enable them to make informed decisions on reducing their environmental impact.
A University of Central Florida study found that college students' anxieties often stem from exaggerated perceptions of parental expectations. Students who perceive a supportive parenting style tend to adjust better to college life. Schools may benefit from teaching assertive communication skills to parents and students.
Circadin, a new drug developed at Tel Aviv University, replenishes the hormone melatonin, which declines with age, to improve sleep quality and morning alertness in people over 55. This therapy has also been shown to normalize blood pressure and blood sugar levels at night.
A novel approach to treating HIV/AIDS uses customized dendritic cells to stimulate immune response, showing potential for innovative therapeutic approach
A new study by Dr. Lawrence Cheskin suggests that increasing mushroom intake can help prevent or treat obesity by consuming low-energy-density foods in place of high-energy-density foods like lean ground beef. Mushroom meals were found to be as palatable and appealing as meat meals, with no difference in appetite or satiety.
A new study suggests that ventilator-induced lung injury still occurs even with lower breath volumes, highlighting the need for more accurate assessments of lung stress and strain. The researchers recommend routine assessment of esophageal pressure and lung volumes to improve patient outcomes.
Biologists at the University of Virginia discovered a switching mechanism in the eye that regulates sleep/wake cycles in mammals. The finding demonstrates that light receptor cells play a key role in setting the brain's primary timekeeper, leading to potential new treatments for sleep disorders and visual impairments.
A study by Yale researchers found that prediction markets are a strong tool for forecasting US presidential elections. The authors analyzed the 2004 election market and found that traders quickly assimilated new information as it unfolded over the campaign, indicating their ability to accurately predict outcomes.
A study found that older adult dementia caregivers have significantly worse sleep patterns than non-caregivers, with less total sleep time and increased daytime sleepiness. Caregivers also reported lower subjective sleep quality and higher depressive symptom scores.
Researchers have developed a prototype test that can predict clinical outcome for melanoma patients, distinguishing between rapid and slow progression to Stage IV cancer. The test uses gene signature analysis and shows promise in identifying patient subtypes, which could improve treatment decisions and reduce clinical trial sizes.
Scientists at the Smithsonian Institution have discovered a new species of olive-backed forest robin in Gabon, Africa. The bird was found to be a separate and distinct species through DNA analysis, bringing the country's total known bird species to 753.
Researchers at Caltech developed a novel way to produce large quantities of drugs, including antiplaque toothpaste additives and antibiotics, using genetically modified yeast. The yeast produces reticuline, a precursor for benzylisoquinoline alkaloid molecules with various pharmacological activities.
Researchers identified a crucial protein, TGD4, essential for chloroplast formation and photosynthesis. This discovery may lead to tailored plant varieties for efficient biofuel production, reducing costs and increasing oil accumulation in leaves.
A team of Princeton University researchers has developed an automated system that can reconstruct wall paintings from fragments, reducing the time needed from years to months. The 'Griphos' system employs a combination of computer algorithms and mirrors traditional archaeological procedures, enabling archaeologists to use it as a tool.
Girls are more likely to experience persistent asthma, whereas boys tend to outgrow the condition. After nine years of monitoring, researchers found that girls' airway reactivity did not change significantly over time, while boys became increasingly tolerant to larger doses of methacholine.