Computerized provider order entry/decision support systems offer an education-focused method of utilization management, tracking physician performance and comparing scores to peers. This approach has been shown to reduce imaging utilization by 2.75%, 1.2%, and 1.3% for CT, MRI, and ultrasound respectively.
Insecure adolescents experience more intense pain in forms like headaches, abdominal pain, and joint pain. They are also more likely to be depressed compared to peers with secure attachments. The study highlights the importance of considering interpersonal factors in treating adolescent pain and depression.
A study by King's College London found that workplace basic skills courses had little impact on productivity and employability. Short course durations were identified as a major reason for the failure of the initiative. Conversely, participants reported increased confidence and a greater interest in education.
A new study found that increased walking and cycling in cities like London and Delhi can reduce carbon dioxide emissions and improve public health more effectively than using lower-emission motor vehicles. The study suggests prioritizing pedestrian and cyclist infrastructure to create safe urban environments for mass active travel.
Climate change poses a fundamental threat to global health, particularly for vulnerable populations. Strengthening health systems and investing in cheap and proven public health interventions can accelerate progress towards the MDGs and help mitigate climate change.
Two Kent State University assistant professors, Christopher Blackwood and Andrea Case, have received $890,000 in National Science Foundation grants to study the environment. Their research projects focus on understanding the importance of fungal communities during leaf decomposition and the factors that regulate the frequency of female...
Tropical Storm Bongani is forecast to head south through the Mozambique Channel and parallel the coast of Madagascar over the next 5 days. The storm has weakened due to interaction with land, but may re-intensify briefly before weakening.
McGill University Health Centre researchers have developed an innovative immunotherapy customized for each patient, showing immense promise in combating HIV/AIDS. The therapy uses dendritic cells to target specific viral strains, resulting in increased levels of CD8-lymphocytes and few reported side effects.
A new study by University of Iowa researchers shows that breathing carbon dioxide can trigger panic attacks by increasing brain acidity, which activates a brain protein involved in fear and anxiety behavior. The study suggests new approaches for treating panic and anxiety disorders by targeting the brain protein ASIC1a.
The American Society of Hematology recognizes outstanding abstract presenters with the 2009 Merit Award, offering $500 honorariums to the best trainees in hemostasis and thrombosis. The winners include Kimberly Fan, Kyle Eash, Hélène Moniz, An De Weer, Suparna Nanua, MD, PhD, Jian Xu, PhD, and Rudy Fuentes.
Researchers found that ghrelin is protective of dopamine neurons and can slow the development of Parkinson's disease. Ghrelin supplementation in mice showed increased dopamine production and reduced loss compared to controls.
Scientists discover that smaller tectonic structures near larger faults in southeast Spain partially offset the risk of earthquakes, reducing seismic activity. By studying fossils and geological data, researchers found that these small faults help relax energy associated with plate convergence.
Researchers found no statistically significant differences in post-transplant survival rates between cirrhotic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and alcoholic liver disease. However, NASH patients were at increased risk for metabolic syndrome complications, including cardiovascular mortality.
Researchers found that Erbitux, a cancer treatment drug, reversed symptoms of Ménétrier's disease in nearly half of patients. The study provides new hope for those suffering from this rare condition.
A series of studies published in The Lancet show that cutting greenhouse gases can directly reduce premature deaths and improve global health, particularly in low-income countries. The research highlights the co-benefits of tackling climate change by reducing air pollution and improving public health.
A study from M. D. Anderson Cancer Center reveals the interaction between Wnt/Wingless and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathways promotes tumor cell invasion and metastasis through activation of beta-catenin.
A new study reveals that dentists can identify patients at risk of a fatal cardiovascular disease using software called HeartScore. Six men who thought they were healthy received preventive treatment in time thanks to the dental care team's efforts.
Researchers have identified a novel gene, phosducin, that modulates high blood pressure in response to stress. The studies found that mice lacking the gene developed high blood pressure under stress, while certain DNA variants serve as markers for increased blood pressure risk in humans.
A study published in The Lancet suggests that policies to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions can have additional positive effects on population health, beyond those related to climate change mitigation. These 'co-benefits' can provide a rationale for pursuing mitigation strategies and may also lead to cost savings for countries.
A recent study found that 95% of radiation oncologists utilize advanced imaging modalities like FDG-PET and MRI for target delineation. The most common technologies used were FDG-PET and MRI, with nearly 75% of respondents using one or both.
A rare woodland plant, Monotropsis odorata, has evolved 'cryptic coloration' as a defense mechanism to avoid herbivores. The plant's bracts function as camouflage, making it blend in with its surroundings, which increases its fitness and survival rate.
Researchers find that the RANK protein and its ligand regulate the body's fever response, helping to fight infection. Female mice lacking RANK in the brain have increased body temperatures compared to males, with a link to sex hormones and reproductive biology.
The medical profession is urged to accelerate its role in the climate change debate. A low carbon development fund of at least $150 billion is proposed to support global health. The authors emphasize the need for clear communication with patients, politicians, and the public about the risks of inaction.
Researchers have identified a new genetic cause of cardiac failure, specifically mutations in the nexilin protein that destabilize the Z-disk. This discovery has significant implications for clinical therapy, suggesting that early treatment with stress-reducing medications may prevent progressive damage to the heart.
A study is using cell phones to collect detailed data on human interactions, allowing for a more accurate picture of daily life. The research aims to refine existing prevention programs by identifying patterns in individual behavior.
A new Indiana University School of Medicine study found that involving family members in medical rounds improves care and communication. Families reported increased feelings of inclusion, respect, and a better understanding of their child's care. Participation is voluntary, and family members can ask questions and offer input.
A new study found that female mandrills reproduce with males whose genes complement theirs, increasing the chances of their offspring resisting disease. The researchers believe this may be due to smell or selective fertilization, and the discovery supports the idea humans may also choose genetically compatible mates.
Researchers have identified a number of proteins that allow them to distinguish between cancer and normal cells with high accuracy. This discovery may lead to the development of drugs specifically targeting these proteins to inhibit their activation.
Children's Hospital Oakland scientists discover a new class of therapeutic agents, Sphingadienes, found naturally in soy that can prevent and possibly treat colon cancer. Elevated SDs induce the death of mutant cells, revealing SDs as cytotoxic compounds.
Researchers have uncovered the critical action shapshot of an enzyme known as the Rho transcription termination factor, a remarkable class of ring-shaped protein motors. The study reveals a rotary engine-like mechanism that enables the motor to selectively terminate transcription at discrete points along the genome.
MS patients experience high levels of withheld anger due to nervous system damage, not disease severity. This can disrupt interpersonal relationships and have negative effects on physical health, including high blood pressure and vascular disorders.
Research published in Strategic Organization highlights micro-level underpinnings of macroeconomic events, arguing that traditional theories are inadequate. The authors propose a new approach based on heterogeneous resources and capabilities, which can help resolve the current crisis.
Researchers compared four types of raptors' claws and killing techniques, revealing unique adaptations for each species. The study, published in PLoS One, provides new insights into raptor-prey interactions and may apply to dinosaur research.
A new study reveals that chronic musculoskeletal pain in older adults significantly increases their risk of falls. The research found that participants with chronic pain in two or more joints had a 50% greater risk of falling compared to those with no pain.
Researchers found that unacculturated Hispanics had fewer HIV tests and were more likely to test positive. Interventions must address cultural differences to reduce the growing rate of HIV/AIDS among Hispanics.
A new study reveals a seven-fold increase in community-associated MRSA strains in hospital outpatients between 1999 and 2006. This poses a significant threat to patient safety as these strains can spread rapidly into hospitals.
A three-year study in remote communities found a significant reduction in skin sores among Aboriginal children, with over 6000 assessments conducted on nearly 2500 children. The program's success highlights the importance of local education and treatment, but ongoing efforts are needed to address underlying causes such as poor housing ...
Researchers use X-ray scanners and advanced computing to create detailed replicas of a whale's hearing anatomy. The study suggests mid-frequency sonar sounds are largely filtered, while higher frequencies used by whales for hunting are amplified.
Carnegie Mellon University's Jay Whitacre has received a $5 million award from the US Department of Energy to develop a new room-temperature sodium-ion battery technology. The goal is to improve grid reliability and efficiency, enabling the expansion of renewable energy sources. This project aims to reduce electricity use by 4% in 2030...
Researchers at UCSD and Stanford University developed a computational tool to simulate blood flow on computers, optimizing surgical designs for the Fontan surgery. This tool allows doctors to test plans and evaluate blood flow patterns before operating, potentially reducing risks associated with the procedure.
Global CO2 emissions increased by 29% since 2000, with a tripling of annual growth rate compared to the 1990s. The report attributes the rise to increasing production and trade of manufactured products, shifting from oil to coal.
Researchers at Newcastle University have scientifically proven the pain-relieving properties of Hyptis crenata, a traditional South American herb. The study showed that the herbal tea was as effective as Indometacin in relieving pain, with results comparable to synthetic aspirin-style drugs.
The Lupus Research Institute has awarded $3.6 million in grants to support innovative research on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The grants will fund studies on novel genes associated with African-American lupus, non-invasive assessment of lupus nephritis, and the role of nervous system networks in inflammation.
Adding cetuximab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly increases tumor response rates, making more patients eligible for potentially curative surgery. The treatment also improves the proportion of tumors deemed resectable, with a notable increase after treatment.
A recent metobolomics study found that impaired peroxisomal oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with progression to NASH. The study also revealed significantly higher plasma monounsaturated fatty acids in patients with NAFL and NASH.
A team of researchers from nine institutions, including LSU, will drill through the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to directly access a subglacial lake and study its physical, chemical, and geobiological interactions. The project aims to investigate novel microbial species and ecosystems in this extreme environment.
A study of 29,513 patients with STEMI found no significant difference in death rates among hospitals with high, medium, or low primary angioplasty volumes. Despite lower door-to-balloon times and higher adherence to guidelines at high-volume centers, mortality rates remained consistent across the groups.
A new study by a European research team has found that obese people have high levels of the molecule CXCL5, produced by fatty tissue cells. This discovery could lead to an experimental treatment aimed at inhibiting the action of CXCL5 to protect against type 2 diabetes.
A new study led by CU-Boulder suggests that the first large black holes in the universe formed and grew inside gigantic, starlike cocoons. These cocoons likely prevented surrounding gases from being blown away and smothered powerful x-ray radiation.
A new study finds that US per capita food waste has increased by about 50% since 1974 to over 1400 Calories per person per day, equivalent to 150 trillion Calories per year. This excessive energy content contributes significantly to freshwater consumption and fossil fuel emissions.
Researchers have discovered a protein produced during pregnancy that directly inhibits breast cancer growth. The protein, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), may serve as a potential treatment and prevention agent for breast cancer.
The University of Minnesota team developed the Virtual StreamLab, a highly accurate computer model that simulates natural water flows with unprecedented detail and realism. The model has been used to study the Outdoor StreamLab, a scaled natural stream along the Mississippi River, resulting in over 90 million data points.
Researchers at Huntsman Cancer Institute have discovered a new treatment for pachyonychia congenita, a rare genetic skin condition, using siRNA. The treatment involves preventing the mutated gene from being expressed while allowing healthy keratin genes to function normally.
Research shows that early-life exposure to both outdoor traffic-related pollution and indoor endotoxin can cause more harm to developing lungs than one or the other exposure alone. Children exposed to high levels of both have a six times higher risk of persistent wheezing.
A study published in Physical Therapy found that a progressive physical therapist-guided exercise and education program significantly improved physical function in patients after back surgery. The 12-week program reduced disability and improved walking performance, suggesting greater effectiveness than usual physical therapy.
Chronic musculoskeletal pain in two or more locations and high levels of severe pain are linked to a higher risk of falls in older adults. The study found that participants who reported chronic pain had an increased rate of falls, with those reporting the highest levels of pain severity also at elevated risk.
Scientists have crystallized a protein that enables beneficial bacteria to bind to the gut lining, interacting with cells and exerting their activity. The discovery opens new avenues of research into gut health and highlights the importance of molecular design in selecting probiotics.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Rebecca Meisenbach found that female breadwinners experience both benefits and tensions in their roles. Despite challenges such as pressure and guilt, many women enjoy a sense of independence and ambition, while also valuing their partners' contributions.
Patients who received IV drug administration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation had higher short-term survival rates, but no significant improvement in long-term survival compared to those without IV drug administration. CPR quality was similar between the two groups.
A study by John Coates and Lionel Page found that experienced traders outperform the market with a high Sharpe Ratio, indicating prudent risk-taking. The researchers also discovered that profit-sharing incentives encourage traders to lower risk variance.