Researchers found that the conscious mind kicks in about 300-400 milliseconds after exposure to a stimulus, with complexity affecting timing. The study aims to map unconscious perception and its role in understanding consciousness.
The First Step To Success program has shown robust improvements among at-risk elementary students in the Albuquerque, N.M., school district. The four-year study found significant impact on behavioral symptoms and social functioning among participating students, with effect sizes ranging from .54 to .87.
Elastography improves ultrasound's specificity by measuring a lesion's compressibility and mechanical properties, accurately identifying cancerous lesions. The technique reduced unnecessary biopsies, correctly identifying 98% of malignant lesions and 82% of benign ones, according to the study.
The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite GOES-14 has completed its post-launch test phase and is now in on-orbit storage to await duty. The satellite will remain in this mode until needed to replace a failed spacecraft, reducing launch delay from one year to less than a week.
A meta-analysis of 10 studies involving 1862 HIV patients found no statistically significant difference between directly observed and self-administered antiretroviral therapy in promoting virological suppression. This suggests that directly observed therapy may not be necessary to support adherence in the general patient population.
Researchers reduced peak noise levels on hospital wards by up to 21% through simple changes, such as turning down telephones and displaying posters. The study shows a significant reduction in average peak noise levels on all three wards.
A new study suggests that highly palatable, energy-dense foods can lead to increased fat storage by activating genes. Researchers found that a diet high in fat and sugar stimulates the kappa opioid receptor, causing the body to hold onto more fat than usual.
The WPI Precision Personnel Location system will locate firefighters in three dimensions, monitor their vital signs, and provide an early warning of flashover risk. The new ESM System will deploy a temperature sensor mast to detect impending flashover.
A brain scan study found that active cocaine abusers can suppress activity in brain regions linked to drug craving when asked to inhibit their response. This suggests that clinical interventions designed to strengthen inhibitory responses could help prevent relapse and improve treatment outcomes.
A study published in Management Science found that presenting small gains alongside large losses can improve decision-making by reducing mental pain. The 'Silver Lining Effect' suggests that people prefer separating positive and negative information to mitigate the impact of loss, with more pronounced effects for larger losses.
A new study found that a moderate level of acceptability for an HIV vaccine exists, but high-risk communities may not automatically accept it. The key factors influencing acceptance are efficacy, side effects, and cost. Education is also crucial to ensure the public trusts the vaccine.
A new scientific organization is proposed to utilize satellite images to monitor the world's forests and track changes in deforestation rates. Currently, only half of tropical countries have conducted two recent forest surveys needed to construct a deforestation trend.
The University of North Carolina's Graduate Training Program in Translational Medicine has received a $700,000 HHMI grant to integrate medical knowledge into its Ph.D. programs. This program aims to train researchers to translate basic science discoveries into improved treatments for patients.
A study by researchers from Stony Brook University found that osteoarthritis increases aggregate health care expenditures in the U.S. by $185.5 billion annually. The disease disproportionately affects women, with out-of-pocket expenses nearly 100 percent higher for them than men.
A new study suggests that safe pedestrian and cycling infrastructure is key to preventing climate change in Indian cities. By prioritizing non-motorized transport, cities like Delhi can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, save lives from road traffic injuries, and promote physical activity.
A team of researchers has created a mouse model with key features of HIV infection, shedding light on the disease's mechanisms. The mouse exhibits symptoms similar to those of immunodeficiency virus infection, but with notable differences that highlight its limitations as a model for human disease.
Malaria parasites adapt their molecules to evade the host's immune response, with different approaches used in children and adults. Researchers discovered a limit to severe disease-causing variants and found evidence for a vaccine against this deadly form of malaria.
A panel of MS experts provides comprehensive recommendations for selecting and managing patients with MS receiving TYSABRI. The guidelines emphasize the need to weigh treatment benefits against potential risks, including PML and serious adverse events.
A recent study found that despite the switch from pull-tabs to stay-tabs 30 years ago, beverage can stay-tabs still pose a potential danger to children and adolescents. The study identified 19 cases of inadvertent stay-tab ingestion at a single hospital over 16 years.
Structural biologists reveal how internalin B dimer activates human receptor Met, allowing Listeria to infect cells. The discovery may lead to therapeutics for improved wound healing and treatment of listeriosis.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have devised a way to deliver the right therapy directly to tumors using special molecules called aptamers. A tumor-targeting RNA aptamer was found to specifically bind to RNA helicase p68 in colorectal tumors, offering a promising approach for cancer treatment and therapy delivery.
A study found that using smartphones with special software to view CT scans allowed radiologists to accurately diagnose acute appendicitis. The technique, which uses encrypted wireless networks and OsiriX Mobile software, showed promising results in a small sample of patients.
A University of Florida project, 'Call the Wild,' aims to educate zoo visitors about science through mobile technology. Researchers will test different audio calls, texts, and smartphone applications to determine their effectiveness in engaging visitors in learning about scientific processes.
A recent study conducted in Southern Malawi found that azithromycin antibiotic had no significant impact on reducing the risk of preterm labour. The research suggests that infection may not be the primary cause of preterm birth and highlights the need for further investigation into other factors contributing to this issue.
Researchers at Imperial College London have identified TLR-2 as the trigger that leads to inflammation and damage in atherosclerosis, a condition causing heart attacks and strokes. Blocking this molecule could potentially treat atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of these diseases.
Researchers have found a way to control male fertility using testicular hormone levels, offering hope for those with low sperm counts. The discovery provides a promising avenue for developing new treatments for male infertility and potentially new male contraceptives.
Researchers used FRET to study GAT1 transporters and found correlations between oligomerization state and function. The results show the power of the FRET-based approach for distinguishing among distinct states of proteins.
Research from Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center found that drinking sugary cola drinks weekly before pregnancy significantly elevates the risk of developing diabetes during pregnancy. Consuming more than 5 servings per week was associated with a 22% greater risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh developed metallic nanoparticles that can withstand temperatures of over 850 degrees Celsius. By sacrificing weaker components as temperatures rise, these particles maintain their structure and continue to catalyze reactions efficiently.
A study published in Pediatrics found that educational home visits can significantly improve asthma control in children, leading to fewer hospitalizations and reduced symptoms. The research suggests that providing regular asthma education and support can go a long way in managing the condition.
The Naval Research Laboratory's Ion Tiger has achieved a 26-hour flight duration, exceeding its previous record of 23 hours and 17 minutes. The fuel cell system provides reliable, quiet operation and extremely high efficiency, paving the way for tactical flights and extended flight times.
Researchers at Hebrew University have developed a novel stem cell technology, immuno-isolation, to treat complicated bone fractures. The technology has been successfully used to treat seven patients with a combination of their own MSCs and blood products, offering a promising alternative to standard treatment methods.
Scientists have recorded spontaneous epileptic activity in human brain tissue for the first time, revealing that electrical connections between nerve cells cause the disease. This discovery offers real hope for finding new treatments for epilepsy, which affects 45 million people worldwide.
A study found that middle-aged men and women who engage in high levels of physical activity are at greater risk for developing knee abnormalities and osteoarthritis. High-impact activities like running and jumping carry a greater risk, while low-impact activities like swimming and cycling may protect against disease.
Researchers found Kuwait Bay's sea surface temperature rose at an average rate of 0.62°C per decade, three times the global average. This increase is attributed to 50% due to local drivers such as wind and river flow, while 13% is caused by human activity.
A study at Washington University School of Medicine identified mesothelin as a marker for pancreatic tumors, suggesting its potential use in immune therapy against the disease. Mesothelin levels in the blood were found to be significantly higher in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma compared to healthy individuals.
Researchers from Harvard University and their international team have developed compact, multibeam lasers that can emit multiple wavelengths in the infrared spectrum. This adaptable technology has potential use in applications such as remote chemical sensing, optical wireless, and interferometry.
Researchers found that chicken type II collagen (CCII) capsules improved joint function in RA patients with fewer side effects compared to the established antirheumatic drug methotrexate. Oral tolerance induction via dietary exposure is believed to contribute to this finding.
A Scripps Research Institute study describes a new approach to identifying molecules that prevent autoreactive T cells from attacking the body. The method uses peptoids to visualize binding antibodies and has the potential to create new therapeutic discoveries for autoimmune diseases like MS and blood cancers.
A new study by UT Southwestern researchers found that parent mentors can significantly reduce asthma-related complications in minority children. The intervention program, which provided specialized training to caregivers, resulted in fewer wheezing episodes, asthma attacks, and emergency room visits among participating families.
Researchers found that people born in the Southern stroke belt have a higher risk of dying from stroke as adults, even if they later move away. The study also found that those who live in the stroke belt in adulthood have an elevated risk of dying from stroke.
A comprehensive new study has found that early intervention programs for very young children with autism are effective in improving IQ, language ability, and social interaction. The Early Start Denver Model, a novel approach combining ABA teaching methods with relationship-based approaches, was tested on 48 diverse toddlers with autism.
A University of Michigan study found that women researchers are less likely than men to secure major funding for their careers, with only 19% of women attaining an R01 grant within 10 years. The study suggests that family demands and pressures to contribute to clinical work may be hindering women's success in research careers.
A UAB physician recommends re-thinking pharyngitis diagnoses in adolescents and young adults to consider Fusobacterium necrophorum, which may cause up to 10% of sore throats. The bacteria is associated with a rare but life-threatening complication called Lemierre syndrome, which can be fatal.
Researchers have characterised a new multi-drug resistant strain of Salmonella Typhimurium causing life-threatening disease in Africa. The new strain, ST313, is resistant to several antibiotics and may spread from person to person, predominantly affecting individuals with weakened immune systems.
Research found that long-term physical activity activates telomerase and stabilizes telomeres, reducing telomere shortening in human leukocytes. This activation has an anti-aging effect on the cardiovascular system, potentially preventing age-related disease.
Researchers found that the nervous system controls regulatory T cells, which help end an immune response, and that breaking this link can lead to new treatments for autoimmune diseases like lupus and arthritis. The study shows that stress from everyday events like seeing family around the holidays can negatively affect the immune system.
A recent study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that religious individuals tend to rely on their own beliefs when inferring what God might believe, but are less constrained when reasoning about others' beliefs. This suggests a unique egocentric bias in believers' thinking about God's views.
Scientists have observed a phenomenon known as confinement of spinons in a condensed matter system, where individual particles behave like quarks. The researchers used neutron scattering experiments to study the crystal and magnetic structure, finding evidence for the confinement idea.
Researchers suggest that the planet's oblong orbit exposes different areas of Titan to varying amounts of sunlight, affecting precipitation and evaporation cycles. This leads to an uneven distribution of lakes in the northern and southern polar regions.
A recent study using fMRI found that men tend to process emotional stimuli in terms of required action, while women focus on the feelings engendered by these stimuli. Women showed stronger activation in the left thalamus when viewing negative images, indicating a stronger neural circuit for identification of emotional stimuli.
The use of implantable devices for treating heart failure increased substantially in Europe between 2004-2008, but disparities in device adoption remain. Device therapy, including ICDs and CRT, has gained acceptance as an adjunct to traditional drug treatment, with significant benefits in reducing mortality and morbidity.
Researchers are gaining insights into how Gram-negative bacteria infect host cells and spread antibiotic resistance. The crystal structure of the outer membrane part of type IV secretion systems has been revealed, offering potential targets for novel antibiotics.
European cancer mortality has declined steadily, but large variations exist among countries and sex. The decline is largely driven by a decrease in tobacco-related cancers, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer.
Researchers confirm spinon confinement in a magnetic insulator, offering new ways to explore Quantum Chromodynamics. The finding is consistent with a theory developed 12 years earlier by Alexei Tsvelik.
A study by Dr. Tiziana Nazio found that public sector workers are more likely to have children due to the relative security of employment, flexible hours, and career progression linked to seniority. In contrast, men's careers do not directly influence their decision to have children, but rather the pattern of women's careers and househ...
Researchers at the University of California, Santa Cruz, found that new brain connections form quickly within one hour of training, leading to long-lasting memories. The study used mice with genetically altered fluorescent proteins to visualize changes in individual brain cells.
A new study from Henry Ford Hospital found that simulated training for ultrasound-guided procedures significantly improved medical residents' knowledge, dexterity, and confidence in performing these procedures. The study showed a significant improvement between pre- and post-test scores on both written and practical exams.
The Image Sharing Demonstration at RSNA 2009 showcases methods for sharing images, reports, and medical history to enhance patient care in radiology. The project aims to enable 'meaningful use' of electronic health records and improve interoperability between medical institutions.
The number of Americans living with diabetes will nearly double from 23.7 million in 2009 to 44.1 million in 2034, and spending on diabetes will almost triple, rising from $113 billion to $336 billion. This growth is expected to add a significant strain to the healthcare system.