A new class of supernova was discovered, predicted by UC Santa Barbara scientists Lars Bildsten and colleagues. The event is fainter than typical supernovae and rises and falls in brightness over a few weeks.
The company's proprietary platform enables efficient imaging with low reagent consumption, generating high-quality diploid base calls in up to 95% of the genomes sequenced. The approach identifies 3.2 million to 4.5 million sequence variants per genome processed.
Researchers at EMBL developed an integrated approach to forecast CRM activity, predicting gene expression patterns in fruit fly development. The study identifies flexibility in genetic regulation, enabling organism development without essential transcription factors.
Researchers Darío Acuña-Castroviejo and Germaine Escames found that melatonin is an effective sleep regulator, regulating the biological clock and synchronizing the body's circadian rhythms. Taking melatonin at specific hours can correct chronobiological alterations of the cycle sleep/wakefulness.
Researchers found that male sabertoothed cats were indistinguishable in size from females, suggesting a possible lack of aggression. This contrasts with the American lion, where males are significantly larger and more aggressive than females.
The new TMS clinic offers a safe and effective, non-drug treatment for major depression. TMS therapy stimulates the brain linked to depression by delivering magnetic field pulses, providing an alternative for those not responding to traditional treatments.
Scientists observe aggressive T-cells breaching blood-brain barrier, crawling along vascular walls and forming connections with phagocytes. This breakthrough understanding may aid in developing new treatments for multiple sclerosis.
A Phase II dose-finding study found that green tea extract improved histology and trended towards a reduction in biomarkers associated with cancer development in patients with oral leukoplakia. The extract was well-tolerated, with minimal side effects.
A recent study found that female water striders prefer non-aggressive males over highly sexually aggressive ones when it comes to mating. In contrast, groups of low-key male water striders mated with more females than did groups of highly aggressive males.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered a 1930s gonorrhea medication, acriflavine, that can halt the growth of new blood vessels in cancer cells. By inhibiting HIF-1, a protein essential for tumor growth, acriflavine may one day be incorporated into chemotherapy cocktails to fight cancer.
The study found that each of five Chinese vowels has a unique representative peak on excitation patterns determining its phonetic quality. This conclusion explains perception phenomena and the frequency of occurrence of certain vowels in languages worldwide.
A new study found that infants as young as three to five days old produce cry melodies consistent with their native language. Researchers analyzed the cries of 60 newborns and discovered differences in melody contour based on mother tongue, suggesting an early impact of native language on sound production.
Researchers found that Bortezomib shuts down cellular machines that destroy Runx2, a protein complex that blocks the growth of bone cancer cells. The study suggests that Bortezomib may represent a new treatment option for osteosarcoma, a devastating disease that responds poorly to current chemotherapies.
Research papers published in Geophysical Research Letters highlight regional warming trends in Antarctica, improved models for shoreline loss, and the contribution of reservoirs to triggering devastating earthquakes. Scientists have developed new methods to analyze climate data, storm impacts on shorelines, and natural hazards.
Researchers at Yale University developed synthetic molecules that enhance the body's immune response to HIV and prostate cancer cells. The molecules work by binding to antibodies and proteins on infected cells, triggering an immune response and preventing infection.
Scientists at Michigan State University are using a $3 million NIH grant to study the synthesis of medicinal compounds in popular plants. The goal is to understand how genes contribute to this process, leading to cheaper and more effective drug development.
A new study suggests that green tea extract can reduce the risk of oral cancer, with patients who presented with mild to moderate dysplasia having a longer time to develop oral cancer if they took green tea extract. However, more research is needed to confirm its long-term prevention effects.
A study in Italy found that pediatricians over-prescribe antibiotics due to perceived parental expectations, particularly if parents expect a prescription for respiratory tract infections. The main factors associated with actual practices were discharge from the child's ear and parental expectation of a prescription.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has been awarded $11.5 million to identify adolescents and young adults infected with HIV and link them to medical care. The grants will focus on two initiatives: improving HIV testing in youth and developing behavioral strategies for prevention.
Declining kidney function increases the risk of heart failure and premature death. Treatments that slow kidney function decline may safeguard heart health by stabilizing it in the normal range before kidney disease develops.
Rhode Island Hospital has received a $11 million NIH grant to study stem cell biology and tissue regeneration in lung and marrow diseases. The research will focus on determining the true phenotype of marrow stem cells and their fate as tissue.
A Dartmouth professor used digital forensics to analyze the famous Oswald photo, finding no evidence of tampering. The analysis ruled out a conspiracy and provided new insight into the photo's authenticity.
Scientists at the University of Utah demonstrated a conclusive link between the size of catalyst particles on a solid surface and their ability to speed chemical reactions. The study focused on metal nanoparticles, finding that smaller sizes lead to increased electronic properties and catalytic activity.
A large study found that PSA velocity has little predictive value for determining the outcome of a first prostate biopsy. However, a rapid rise in PSA levels may still suggest prostatitis or prostate cancer, warranting further evaluation. The findings suggest that clinical judgment should be used to guide biopsy decisions.
The survey found that half of US doctors spend substantial time dealing with insurance restrictions on patient care, while only 46% use electronic medical records. Many US physicians also report patients having difficulty paying for medications and care, and that their practices do not have provisions for after-hours care.
Researchers will drill through the Whillans Ice Stream and Ross Ice Shelf, sampling rivers, lakes, and microbial communities. The study aims to understand how the West Antarctic Ice Sheet responded to past climate changes and potentially discover new organisms that can produce beneficial compounds.
A recent study in Hawaii found that tourists and recreation enthusiasts strongly support protecting coral reef ecosystems due to their exceptional beauty. The research suggests that public attitudes toward management are largely driven by the perceived health of coral reefs, with environmental conditions being more important than human...
A research study is being conducted to assess the safety and effectiveness of an investigational corneal inlay in reducing the need for reading glasses. The inlay, called AcuFocus Corneal Inlay (ACI), is intended to improve near vision in patients with presbyopia, a natural loss of near vision that occurs after age 45.
A study found that small increases in phosphorus are associated with higher coronary artery calcification and an increased risk of heart disease. Participants with lower kidney function were also more likely to have progressive CAC.
Archaeologists at Fernbank Museum of Natural History have discovered unprecedented evidence of De Soto's path in Georgia, including rare glass beads and metal artifacts. The findings suggest a probable stop near McRae, Ga., and provide a significant link to the infamous conquistador's journey through Native communities.
Residents of the volcanic area of Mt. Etna in Catania had a more than two times higher incidence of papillary thyroid cancer compared to those elsewhere on the island. The tumors from patients in this region frequently carried the BRAF V600E gene mutation, associated with aggressive thyroid cancer.
A new study published in The Lancet Neurology found that therapeutic hypothermia reduces lesions and improves outcomes for infants starved of oxygen at birth. MRI scans predict with 80% accuracy the likelihood of death or disability by 18 months.
Researchers found a population of tropical butterflies exhibiting diverging color patterns and reproductive preferences, suggesting the potential emergence of two distinct species. The study provides insights into the earliest stage of ecological speciation, where natural selection drives the divergence of populations into new species.
A new Notre Dame study provides insights into the molecular basis by which tumor cells modulate their surroundings to favor cancer progression. The research identifies a unique population of microvesicles enriched in proteases, which facilitate tissue breakdown and remodeling at distant sites.
Researchers at UC Davis identified a bacterial signaling molecule that matches up with a specific receptor in rice plants to ward off bacterial blight disease. The study's findings have implications for controlling diseases in plants and people, potentially leading to new treatments.
Astronomers have discovered a possible new type of supernova that occurs when helium flows onto a white dwarf, causing a thermonuclear explosion. The object, dubbed SN 2002bj, is characterized by its rapid rise and fall and strong helium signature.
Scientists have analyzed the genome structures of bioethanol-producing microorganisms, uncovering genetic clues that will be critical in developing new technologies needed to implement production on a global scale. The studies identified genomic properties of industrial fuel yeasts that likely gave rise to more robust strains.
A study led by researchers at UCSF and UC Berkeley found that regular PE class participation is significantly associated with greater cardiovascular fitness and lower body mass index. Engagement in at least 20 minutes of exercise during PE class also improved weight status and decreased mile times.
Researchers developed a protocol to distort internet search engine user profiles, preserving privacy from profiling and data exploitation. The new system offers an improvement in response time while delaying searches slightly.
A collaborative project between NOAA, the Town of Riverhead, and a commercial oyster farmer is measuring the effect of a FLUPSY on water quality and sediment characteristics in Riverhead's East Creek. The study aims to determine the impact of floating shellfish nurseries on the local environment.
The Autism Consortium's fourth annual symposium brought together researchers, clinicians, and families to discuss the latest findings on the causes of autism. The symposium highlighted promising areas of research, including the role of chromosome 16p11.2 in susceptibility for autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers aim to develop low-cost devices that can monitor building energy consumption and provide suggestions for optimization. The project will use data from various residential buildings, including those operated by non-profits, to inform energy-saving decisions.
Keystone Symposia has received a three-year, $2.7 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to support global health conferences and provide travel awards to scientists from developing countries. The funding will also enable the organization to expand its conference program with new topics and locations.
Researchers have successfully used a gene therapy technique to slow the onset of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, a severe brain disease, in two patients. The treatment involved introducing a therapeutic gene into blood cells using a lentiviral vector, which showed promise in slowing disease progression and improving neurological function.
Weill Cornell Medical College researchers aim to boost NAD+ levels after spinal cord injury, potentially preventing permanent nerve death. The study involves synthesizing a molecule that increases NAD+ production in cells, which may activate sirtuins and prevent cell death.
The study of the domestic horse's genome reveals remarkable similarities to humans, shedding light on key aspects of mammalian evolution. The analysis also provides a starting point for mapping disease genes in horses, potentially deepening knowledge of diseases in both species.
A study published in BioMed Central's Conflict and Health journal found that news reports on the Iraq conflict grossly underestimated civilian casualties. The researchers analyzed media coverage and found that US newspapers reported more Coalition fatalities than Iraqi civilians, while non-US newspapers showed a reversed pattern.
Researchers charted microbial communities across the human body, finding unique and diverse populations in different regions. The study suggests that personalized microbial communities vary widely from person to person and could hold key insights into human health.
Researchers have developed an optical biopsy technique that can detect breast cancer without invasive biopsies, reducing costs and complications. The new technology uses light and computing power to create images of the breast's interior, identifying telltale signs of cancer.
A recent study found that self-reported lactose intolerance affects only 12% of the population, contradicting previous estimates. The study suggests that lactose maldigestion may be overestimated and that dairy consumption can still provide essential nutrients for those who experience symptoms.
A Stanford study reveals that a gene linked to human longevity impacts the brain's ability to generate new neurons. Researchers found that mice without this gene had fewer neural stem cells and more rapidly churned out nerve cell precursors, leading to brain weight increases.
Spanish researchers found the last European hadrosaurs in the Iberian Peninsula, coexisting with evolved species and primitive members. The fossils, including a newly discovered lambeosaurine, suggest a connection between Asia and Europe during the Late Cretaceous period.
The ESA workshop explored the potential of space-based services to address Arctic challenges such as climate change, ocean traffic management, and environmental protection. Space assets can improve search and rescue operations, monitor sea ice and ocean changes, and facilitate sustainable development in the region.
Researchers at Rice University are developing a rapid saliva test for oral cancer that can be performed by a dentist in under 30 minutes. The test uses a novel microchip, known as a lab-on-a-chip, to detect specific biomarkers in cells, allowing for early diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.
A new national study reveals that having a teacher mentor can nearly double the odds of attending college for disadvantaged students, with a 50% greater likelihood overall. Mentors in the teaching profession played a pivotal role in bridging the college gap.
The Genome 10K Project aims to sequence the DNA of approximately one species per genus of living mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. This will help reconstruct the genetic changes that gave rise to diverse life forms on Earth, with potential benefits for human and animal health, as well as conservation efforts.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded approximately $208 million to two programs that support research on the human immune response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. This funding aims to identify new vaccines and drug targets, with a focus on developing prevention tools and therapeutics.
A new report from gastroenterology/hepatology societies emphasizes the importance of competency-based curriculum and disease-specific training in improving patient outcomes. The report recommends changes to GI training programs, including pairing of GI/hepatology training and enhanced training in specific disease areas.
Dr. Jennifer Brodbelt receives $734,068 NIH grant to develop chip-based method for rapidly analyzing blood samples. The new approach could identify patterns correlated with aging and obesity.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have discovered a way to fine-tune the reduction potential of copper-containing proteins, enabling the creation of efficient water-soluble redox agents. This breakthrough allows for greater control over electron-transfer properties and extends the range of redox potentials.