The EMBO Young Investigators Programme identifies top European young life scientists, offering academic and financial help to set up independent research labs. The selected 17 young group leaders work in nine countries, with an average age of 36 and four women, and will benefit from various activities including mentorship and networking.
Researchers have detected distinct molecular disparities between induced pluripotent stem cells and their parental cells, including differences in epigenetic signatures. These findings provide new insights into the fundamental nature of stem cells and may inform therapeutic applications.
Researchers in Belgium successfully differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESC) into major cell types of lung epithelial tissue using an air-liquid interface. The technique could provide an alternative to lung transplants for patients with chronic pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis.
The Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Singapore joins an international effort to sequence the genomes of 10,000 species, enabling comparisons between animal and human genomes. This will help scientists understand evolutionary changes and predict responses to climate change, pollution, and disease.
Researchers found that scheduling irrigation according to daily water use (DWU) substantially reduced irrigation application compared to control methods, while maintaining or improving plant growth. The study categorized woody ornamental plants into low, moderate, and high water users, allowing for more efficient watering strategies.
Research at CHEST 2009 found that patients who have undergone a liver transplant are at an increased risk for developing cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, and coronary artery disease. Additionally, Asian Indians experience heart attacks at an earlier age than Caucasians, suggesting potential disparities in ...
According to new research, background images in charts and graphs can actually enhance one's ability to read them. When presented against a contrasting background, design elements such as rectangles or circles make the graph pop out, allowing viewers to focus on individual components more effectively.
Researchers tested 'Thermal Blue' and 'Dura Blue' hybrids for optimal seeding rates, seed timing, and mowing height requirements. Both hybrids showed promise in the transition zone, with 'Thermal Blue' performing well in seeding trials and requiring frequent mowing.
A study by Boston Children's Hospital researchers suggests three optimal scenarios for school closures: single-day absentee rate of 5%, consecutive days of 4% or more absenteeism, and three consecutive days of 3% or more. Scenario #2 is preferred for its balance between sensitivity and specificity.
Pediatric physicians tend to pragmatically consider religion and spirituality in family decision-making and end-of-life situations, but view them as barriers when they conflict with medical decisions. The study found that pediatricians often welcome patients' religious beliefs when medicine has failed or all options are exhausted.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute develop novel seeding techniques to produce beaded and non-beaded cultured pearls from the queen conch. The breakthrough enables more efficient and environmentally sustainable culturing of this commercially threatened species.
Scientists support abiotic synthesis of methane, a main ingredient in natural gas, through chemical reactions. The study suggests that extreme conditions deep below Earth's surface can lead to hydrocarbon formation.
A study found that children's networks show 76% more food commercials per hour compared to other networks, featuring unhealthy foods like sugary cereals and fast food. The ads are often targeting Hispanic viewers, who are facing an increasing obesity rate.
Researchers developed a dynamic tool, Trellis Tension Monitor (TTM), to estimate grape yields in trellised crops. The system detects weight change on trellised grapevines, enabling growers to create more efficient timetables for grape-picking operations.
A study found that teen girls diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease who watched a short educational video were three times more likely to discuss their condition with partners and ensure partner treatment. Despite this, adherence to medication and follow-up remained poor, highlighting the need for in-depth counseling.
A study found that left- and right-handed individuals have distinct body maps in the brain, influencing how they perceive their physical bodies. Left-handers estimated both arms as equal length, while right-handers consistently perceived their right arm as longer.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has renewed a five-year, $56 million contract to study asthma in children living in lower-income, inner-city environments. The Inner-City Asthma Consortium (ICAC) will evaluate promising new therapies to reduce asthma severity and prevent disease.
Scientists have observed the emergence of a new adaptation strategy in bacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens, where variable offspring can survive in different environments. This bet-hedging strategy allows for species survival under rapidly changing environmental conditions.
A study found that on-demand chest radiographs for mechanically ventilated patients resulted in a third fewer radiographs without compromising patient care. The on-demand strategy was associated with significant cost savings and decreased radiation exposure.
Researchers found that readers better understood, remembered and emotionally responded to material found through searching compared to surfing. Information was also better retained when individuals conducted specific searches for information.
Researchers have developed a quantum gas microscope that allows them to observe single atoms at extremely low temperatures, exhibiting bizarre behavior. The device enables the study of novel quantum materials and simulations of condensed matter systems.
The Genome 10K Project aims to sequence the genomes of 10,000 vertebrate species to understand evolutionary changes and inform conservation efforts. The project will analyze genomic data to reveal evolutionary changes and annotate experimental findings related to specific sites of change.
A recent study published in HortScience has confirmed that a high diversity of historic apple genotypes remains in homestead orchards in the US Southwest. The research identified 144 genotypes, including 34 cultivars brought to the region by Stark Brothers Nursery and USDA agricultural experiment stations.
Research at CHEST 2009 reveals that CPAP therapy may be associated with a slight weight gain in patients, while large tonsils in children may predict sleep apnea. Oral appliances offer an effective alternate treatment for military service members, and abnormal sleep habits among ICU nurses may increase errors
Researchers found that observers can accurately judge some major personality traits from full-body photographs, especially with naturally expressive behavior. Altering one's appearance can influence how others perceive their personality, according to the study's findings.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University found that fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy is effective in controlling optic nerve sheath meningioma growth while preserving vision. The treatment resulted in a high rate of stabilized or improved visual acuity, with minimal late complications.
Researchers at Tufts University reduced breast cancer metastasis to bone by 77 percent and overall frequency of metastasis by 36 percent in a study using an experimental agent to inhibit ROCK, a protein found to be over-expressed in metastatic breast cancer.
Fewer investigators report industry connections, but companies still seek out highly productive researchers. Industry-funded scientists were more likely to report trade secrets and delayed publications, yet patenting and trade secrecy rates doubled among those without corporate sponsorship.
A review of nearly 150 papers found that tinnitus causes significant distress, with many patients told nothing can be done to alleviate symptoms. The researchers advocate for increased support, guidance, and treatment options for those affected.
A new study investigates the effects of light intensity on pecan leaves throughout the growing season. The research found that shade leaves are less effective in assimilating CO2 than sun leaves, but maintain late-season photosynthetic capacity. This discovery may help commercial growers develop new canopy and crop management practices.
Several new diagnostic methods, such as cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are useful for diagnosing myocarditis. Endomyocardial biopsy is also used in certain cases. The study highlights the importance of these methods in improving diagnosis accuracy.
Researchers found helmet ventilation improves PaO2 in most ARF patients, low intubation rate and good tolerability. Admission to teaching hospitals increases mortality in ARF patients, study suggests factors needed to be explored.
A team of scientists used satellite and acoustic tags to study white shark migration patterns in the North Pacific, revealing a genetically distinct population that has separated from other sharks worldwide. This finding suggests the possibility of long-term population assessment and monitoring, which could help ensure their protection.
Researchers at UIC will study the relationship between tax rates on food and beverages with high sugar or fat content and individual survey data to determine if differential tax rates equate to differences in consumption and body mass index among various groups, including low-income recipients.
The American Society of Hematology recognizes Stuart H. Orkin, MD, and Arthur W. Nienhuis, MD, for their significant contributions to mentoring in hematology. Drs. Orkin and Nienhuis will receive the Mentor Award for Basic Science and Clinical Investigation, respectively.
Researchers at PMH found that HPV16-positive patients had better survival rates and could be treated with radiation alone. This discovery has implications for personalized medicine, enabling successful treatment without chemotherapy.
Flemish researchers develop a groundbreaking technology for plant breeding by leveraging epigenetics to optimize energy metabolism. This method has shown significant improvements in rapeseed yields, with potential applications in various crops and reduced water and fertilizer requirements.
A new treatment option has been discovered for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer who are not candidates for surgery. Radical stereotactic radiosurgery performed with CyberKnife leads to a 100% overall survival rate in patients with good lung function, according to a recent study.
Researchers discovered a major metabolic switch in fruit flies that plays a key role in alcohol tolerance and found direct translation to humans. This discovery provides a crucial explanation of why some people tolerate alcohol better than others and offers a potential target for preventing or eliminating alcoholism.
A study found that statins can worsen symptoms in patients with diastolic heart failure, causing increased dyspnea, fatigue, and decreased exercise tolerance. However, statins still benefit patients with systolic heart failure. Researchers warn of individual patient variations in response to statin therapy.
Researchers found a mechanism that enables proteins to become more specialized over time, contributing to human biological complexity. Random genetic mutations in duplicate genes can lead to dosage imbalances, which can be alleviated through paralogization, allowing humans to maintain complex tissues.
A new study found that eight in 10 Americans are missing out on the health benefits of a diet rich in colorful fruits and veggies, resulting in a phytonutrient gap. Consuming a variety of colorful foods can support immune function and overall health.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center report an extremely low rate of acute dermatitis and cardiac toxicity when treating HER2-positive breast cancer patients with concurrent Trastuzumab and radiation therapy. The study suggests it may be safe to use both treatments in the adjuvant setting, pending longer follow-up.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to calculate the motions and forces of thousands of atoms simultaneously over longer time scales. This breakthrough enables modeling of atomic-scale processes that unfold over time, such as vibrations in crystals, and improves results in fields like nanotechnology and materials science.
ISU researchers have discovered a compound that neutralizes the cell-killing kinase-C and allows dopamine-producing cells to survive and function. This finding brings hope for a possible cure for Parkinson's disease by targeting the protein responsible for killing these cells.
Breast cancer survivors who lifted weights regularly felt better about their bodies and had improved intimate relationships, according to a new study. The weight lifting also helped alleviate lymphedema symptoms and boosted emotional empowerment.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully reconstituted the enzyme responsible for producing lovastatin, a widely used cholesterol-lowering medication. By understanding how this large enzyme works, they hope to retune its assembly line to produce other natural compounds with similar benefits.
A Phase II study conducted by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has shown encouraging results in treating limited stage small cell lung cancer with a combination of accelerated high-dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy, achieving a high level of control of the disease while minimizing damage to the esophagus.
A new UCLA study found that early-morning colonoscopies yielded more polyps per patient than later screenings, while the amount of polyps discovered decreased hour by hour as the day progressed. This suggests a need for broader system changes to improve outcomes for colonoscopy procedures.
Experts are conducting a large-scale study to measure the hearing of people with HIV/AIDS and compare it to those without, aiming to uncover the relationship between the disease and hearing loss. The research, supported by a $1.9 million grant, will also explore potential factors contributing to age-related hearing loss in these patients.
Researchers found that timber harvest has a negative effect on amphibians' later life cycles, causing them to die when they leave the pond, but has a positive impact on their aquatic larval stage, allowing them to grow and thrive in open areas.
Flocked swabs are found to be more effective than nasopharyngeal aspiration in detecting viruses, with a lower cost. Social media played a key role in disseminating news about the 2009 H1N1 flu outbreak, with 2.3 million searches for 'H1N1 flu' and 13.4 million for 'swine flu'
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that two genes, one causing cancer on its own and the other reducing RAS activity, together lead to aggressive leukemia. This unexpected finding opens new avenues for treating blood cancer cells with NF1 mutations.
Scientists discovered that adding glucose to worms' diet reduces their life span by 20%, suggesting a possible link between sugar and human aging. The study highlights the importance of insulin signaling pathways in regulating life-extending molecular players.
Dr. Bob F. Cahalan, Head of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Climate and Radiation Branch, has been recognized as a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) for his groundbreaking research on cloud structure in climate, leading to advancements in atmospheric radiative transfer and global warming studies.
The article highlights the looming financial pressures in the world's response to HIV/AIDS and neglected tropical diseases. Experts propose various strategies to combat these challenges, including investing in high-impact prevention and efficient treatment efforts, and shifting from emergency responses to evidence-based initiatives. By...
Leaders in healthcare and health policy support sweeping changes to Medicare, including expanding payment pilot programs and creating an independent advisory council. Experts also back negotiating pharmaceutical drug prices and filling the 'doughnut hole' coverage gap.
Reducing daily steroid doses for children with status asthmaticus shows no effect on hospital stay length. High-dose inhaled albuterol is linked to metabolic acidosis risk. Tonsil size may predict obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in kids
A study presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) found that hypofractionated radiation treatment is more effective in stopping cancer from growing in high-risk prostate cancer patients compared to standard radiation therapy. The new treatment also had no increased risk of negative side effects, making it a valua...
Mechanical fruit thinning improves pecan yield and nut quality, leading to increased profit potential. The study found that thinned trees had a higher return crop value in the off-year, offsetting any loss in yield, resulting in overall increased profitability for 'Cape Fear' and 'Sumner' pecan varieties.