A Rice University lab has discovered over 2.7 million possible structures for molecular sieves, also known as zeolites, which have potential applications in industries such as gasoline production and laundry detergents.
A large study found that early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer patients with tumors one centimeter or smaller are at a significant risk of recurrence. This shift in assessment may lead to the consideration of additional therapy, such as Herceptin-based treatment.
Long-standing theoretical predictions have been confirmed in tokamaks, leading to improved performance and efficiency. High-pressure plasmas exhibit synergistic effects, minimizing turbulence and maximizing self-generated heat, which can sustain hot and dense plasma for longer periods.
The study reveals a significant ice loss on Mount Kilimanjaro, primarily attributed to rising global temperatures. The ice volume has decreased by roughly equal proportions through thinning and shrinking, with 85% of the ice lost since 1912.
Researchers developed an immune system cell therapy that targets Epstein-Barr virus, providing long-term protection to patients with severely compromised immune systems. The therapy, effective for up to nine years, was found to prevent lymphomas associated with EBV infection in over 100 patients.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces rhamnolipids to form a biofilm shield that kills white blood cells, evading the immune system and antibiotic treatment. This 'launch a shield' response could lead to novel antimicrobials for treating antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers have developed a tiny, gold nanocage that responds to light and releases carefully titrated amounts of chemotherapy drugs at specific tissue sites. The system is designed to maximize the beneficial effects of the medication while minimizing side effects.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new type of three-dimensional photovoltaic system using zinc oxide nanostructures grown on optical fibers. The approach allows PV systems to be hidden from view, providing an alternative to traditional rooftop installations.
The world's top experts in endangered languages are converging at the University of Utah to create a comprehensive online database. The gathering aims to preserve 7,000 languages that are at risk of extinction, with nearly 90% predicted to disappear in the next 100 years.
The cucumber genome has been sequenced, offering a platform for studying the cucurbit family and plant biology. The genome will aid in understanding disease and pest-resistance, flavor traits, and sex expression, with potential applications in agriculture.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a simple and inexpensive method for loading cancer drugs into nano-scale delivery vehicles. The new formulation showed promising results in animal models, eliminating tumors after a single treatment while reducing side effects associated with systematic chemotherapy.
A study found that sleep deprivation causes individuals to shift from automatic to controlled processes of information categorization, leading to performance deficits. The study involved 49 West Point Cadets who performed an information-integration categorization task twice with or without sleep between sessions.
A recent space experiment using the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope has provided evidence about the fundamental structure of space and time. The team confirmed aspects of Einstein's theories of gravity, which unite space and time in the concept of space-time.
The Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia outlines a six-year plan to control the disease, with a focus on promoting exclusive breastfeeding, vaccinations, and effective case management. Implementing these interventions could save more than one million lives each year.
Research finds that lung cancer patients treated in public hospitals are more likely to have advanced stage cancer than those in private hospitals. The study highlights the need for an organized and timely approach to diagnosis and treatment to reduce health care disparities.
A study confirmed the efficacy of a simple questionnaire in identifying patients at high risk for lung cancer. The questionnaire, completed by over 1,000 patients, found almost half qualified as high risk and led to eight confirmed cases of lung cancer in five years.
A study shows that retirement is followed by a sharp decrease in sleep disturbances due to reduced work-related demands and stress. Sleep disturbance prevalence rates fell from 24.2% to 17.8% after retirement, with the greatest reduction reported among participants with depression or mental fatigue.
Research into breast cancer development, chronic pain and inflammatory diseases receives ARC funding to investigate epigenetic modifiers, immune responses and protein interactions. The institute aims to develop basic discoveries into clinical benefits for patients worldwide.
A new study by Henry Ford Hospital finds that a specific MRSA strain, USA600, causes significantly higher mortality rates compared to other strains. The researchers believe this strain's unique characteristics may be the key to understanding its high lethality.
IVCC is showcasing its new Malaria Decision Support System (MDSS), a continuous surveillance system that integrates monitoring and evaluation data for malaria control programmes. The system will be demonstrated at the 5th Pan-African Multilateral Initiative on Malaria conference.
Women with chronic kidney disease are more likely than men to be undiagnosed, according to a new study. The study found that primary care physicians need more education on diagnosing CKD, which could lead to improved patient outcomes and cost savings.
Researchers found that oral activated charcoal lessens atherosclerotic lesions in experimental mice with kidney damage. This effect appears to be related to reduced inflammation in the blood vessels, regardless of treatment timing or changes in blood pressure or cholesterol levels.
A new study found that switching to a newer type of immunosuppressant drug, sirolimus, reduced the rate of skin cancer in kidney transplant patients by 25%. Nearly half of patients stopped treatment due to side effects. The researchers believe this could offer a new option for reducing skin cancer risk in transplant recipients.
The project will study the combined effects of invasive species, contaminants, excessive nutrients, sediment, and shoreline hardening on nearshore habitats. The research aims to develop scientific information for advancing management approaches and supporting policy for accelerating Bay restoration.
A recent study published by Henry Ford Hospital contradicts previous research suggesting hepatitis B infection increases the risk of pancreatic cancer. Age is found to be the only significant predictor of pancreatic cancer in patients infected with hepatitis B.
Scientists will investigate hypoxia's development and impact on Gulf fish populations, including shrimp and croaker. The research aims to refine management strategies for the dead zone, a critical threat to commercial and recreational fisheries.
A new study found that extending hepatitis C treatment after liver transplant results in high rates of virus clearance and a low relapse rate, with only 8 percent of patients experiencing a relapse after 52 weeks of treatment.
A study models a 100 patient dialysis center and a program with 7,500 hemodialysis patients, finding that improved survival increases costs by $5 million over 10 years and $400 million over the same period. Research into less costly treatments could help address these concerns.
Researchers found that dialysis patients with very low body fat are at a higher risk of death compared to those with average or high body fat percentage. The study suggests that body fat may be protective for dialysis patients and contradicts the 'obesity paradox' theory.
A new study published by the American Society of Nephrology suggests that having a history of lupus does not significantly increase the risk of developing lupus nephritis in recipients of a kidney transplant. The study found that lupus nephritis occurred in just 2.44% of patients, and was associated with only a 7% risk of organ loss.
A new study presents evidence that high sodium intake and artificial sweetener consumption are associated with a faster rate of decline in kidney function. The research, conducted by Brigham and Women's Hospital, analyzed data from over 3,000 women participating in the Nurses' Health Study.
The partnership will support 36 projects addressing coral reef health, with a focus on climate change, overfishing, and land-based pollution. The initiative aims to improve the resilience of coral reefs for future generations.
Researchers at Caltech have shown that a highly specific intrabody can stall the development of Huntington's disease in various mouse models. The treatment successfully attenuated symptoms and increased life span by targeting an amino-acid sequence unique to the mutant huntingtin protein.
Heavy rainfall is already affecting sections of central and northern Philippines due to Typhoon Mirinae's approach. The storm's strong convection and thunderstorms bring moderate to heavy rainfall over eastern sections.
MedImmune to present four abstracts on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza prevention at the 47th Annual IDSA Meeting. The studies highlight innovative healthcare solutions for respiratory infections in children. Abstracts focus on prophylaxis, postmarketing evaluation, whole genome transcriptional analysis, and antibiotic use
The University of Minnesota is part of a multidisciplinary team working to pre-empt or combat emerging zoonotic pandemics. The project, RESPOND, aims to improve the ability of countries to recognize and respond to new epidemics in areas with unstable ecological relationships.
A study published in Archives of Sexual Behavior found that gay men are most attracted to the most masculine-faced men, while straight men prefer the most feminine-faced women. This suggests that regardless of sexual orientation, men's brains are wired for attraction to sexually dimorphic faces.
A study of 2332 patients with chronic heart failure found that participation in clinical trials was associated with improved survival rates. The study suggests that being prepared to take part in a trial may be a marker for better compliance and acceptance of treatment.
A new species of ankylosaur, Tatankacephalus cooneyorum, has been discovered in central Montana, providing insights into the evolution of armored dinosaurs. The fossil features a protective armor and horn-like plates, showcasing the complexity of these prehistoric creatures.
Research published in MIS Quarterly found that detailed Service Level Agreements can increase trust and commitment between clients and vendors. The study suggests that overly specific clauses can actually reduce trust, emphasizing the need for flexible negotiation processes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that palmitate marks NMDA receptors for activation, strengthening long-term memory circuits. This reversible process offers possibilities for manipulating memory, potentially enhancing or erasing it.
Graduate student Scott Egan and his adviser Daniel Funk found that maple and willow leaf beetles diverging into two new species due to ecological habits promoting speciation. The study shows hybrids' lower fitness reduces genetic exchange opportunities between beetle types, pushing groups toward distinct species.
A recent study by Grace X. Ma found that cancer screening rates differ greatly across Asian subgroups in the US, with some groups facing significant barriers to care due to language and cultural differences. The study highlights the need for culturally sensitive interventions to address these disparities.
A new study reveals that two recently named dinosaurs may actually be juvenile or subadults of already known taxa, wiping out a third of named species. The research analyzed three dome-headed dinosaurs and found that their bizarre head ornaments changed dramatically with age and sexual maturity.
A new analysis by Oregon State University researchers highlights the scope of the US groundwater crisis, which threatens drinking water for half the world's population. Experts say lessons from the oil industry could help manage this crisis through techniques like unitization and maximizing water value.
Researchers found significant differences in heavy metal accumulation depending on mushroom species, with Chanterelles having high levels of lead and neodymium. The study suggests that the type of substrate plays a crucial role in metal accumulation, highlighting the need for further research into edible mushrooms
The US Department of Homeland Security's new multi-band radio technology aims to improve communication among first responders during emergencies. The radios can work on five frequency bands currently used by state and local first responders, as well as four exclusive federal government bands.
A large-scale genome-wide association study will be conducted to investigate the interplay between genetic and environmental factors in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma. The study aims to identify biological pathways contributing to this rapidly fatal cancer.
Dr. H. Dwight Cavanagh, a renowned UT Southwestern ophthalmologist, has been awarded the Cornea Society's highest honor, the Castroviejo Medal. His groundbreaking research on corneal biology and transplantation has improved treatments for eye diseases.
Malaria eradication remains an elusive goal despite progress in controlling the disease, requiring multiple activities, interventions, and approaches. Scientists must adapt their strategies to address changing parasite behavior and distribution, developing new tools and interventions to keep ahead of emerging challenges.
This November 2009 GSA Today article features research on microbial mats as evidence for early life, sag pond deposits that reveal seismic activity, and the formation of ooids in ancient sediments. Hillslope weathering patterns are also explored in relation to climate change.
The Casablanca Seamount dive revealed a geologically interesting terrain with vertical descents and massive lava flows. The area hosted various marine life, including sponges, corals, lobsters, and fish species.
The 'Red Alert for Women's Hearts' conference aims to address the need for gender-specific research in cardiovascular health. Key findings include low representation of women in clinical trials and a lack of data on their specific cardiovascular pathology, leading to incorrect application of male data.
Researchers at Duke University created a non-linear device that can convert a range of vibrations into electricity, improving efficiency over traditional linear devices. This technology has the potential to power small electronic devices, such as pacemakers and cardiac defibrillators, and even sensors in ocean buoys and spacecraft.
The European Society of Cardiology is addressing the growing need for improved CVD management in Asia through events that promote an integrated approach. The region faces a significant challenge due to the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes, which accounts for up to 50% of deaths related to CVD.
A Phase II clinical study found that a vaccine candidate can cause a modest but sustained reduction in genital and gastrointestinal GBS bacterial colonization. The vaccine was also found to be safe and well-tolerated, eliciting a strong immune response.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) has received a $2.1 million National Science Foundation grant to provide professional development programs for middle-school math teachers and research their impact. The program aims to improve teacher performance, energize classrooms, and get students excited about math.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston have discovered a potential treatment for priapism, a condition characterized by persistent and painful penile erections. The FDA-approved drug PEG-ADA has been shown to relieve symptoms and prevent a major complication in pre-clinical studies.
Robert Street has been recognized by the American Institute of Physics (AIP) with a $10,000 Prize for Industrial Applications of Physics. He developed flat-panel digital X-ray detectors, which have replaced traditional film X-ray machines in many medical applications.
Research at the University of Missouri found that individuals with disabilities and limited English proficiency experience significantly lower health literacy rates than the general population. Effective communication strategies, such as training medical students and using telehealth communications, can help address these disparities.